Wollongong Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Australia
Summer in Wollongong
Wollongong experiences warm, sunny summers from December to February. Average temperatures range from 16°C to 26°C, with occasional days reaching over 30°C. The humidity is generally moderate, making the heat bearable. Thunderstorms can occur occasionally during summer, bringing heavy rain and lightning. The city boasts several beautiful beaches, perfect for swimming, surfing, and sunbathing.
Winter in Wollongong
Winters in Wollongong are mild and relatively dry, lasting from June to August. Average temperatures range from 7°C to 16°C, with occasional nights dipping below 5°C. The city experiences less rain during winter, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities. It’s important to note that Wollongong can be susceptible to strong winds and ocean swells during winter, so visitors should take precautions when venturing near the coast.
Seasonal Variations
Wollongong experiences distinct seasonal variations in temperature. During the summer months (December to February), the average temperature ranges from a high of 25 degrees Celsius (77 degrees Fahrenheit) to a low of 17 degrees Celsius (63 degrees Fahrenheit). The humidity levels during this season tend to be high, with occasional rainfall.
In the winter months (June to August), temperatures drop significantly, with an average high of 16 degrees Celsius (61 degrees Fahrenheit) and a low of 8 degrees Celsius (46 degrees Fahrenheit). The weather during winter is often overcast and cool, with occasional showers. However, the rainfall is typically less frequent and lighter compared to the summer months.
Cloud Cover and Types
Wollongong, Australia, typically experiences a varied cloud cover throughout the year. During the summer months (December to February), cloud cover is generally low, with an average daily sunshine of around 7-8 hours. However, afternoon thunderstorms are not uncommon, especially in January and February.
In autumn (March to May), cloud cover gradually increases, and occasional showers become more frequent. By winter (June to August), Wollongong experiences its highest cloud cover, with an average of 5-6 hours of sunshine per day. During this season, overcast skies and drizzle are common, and the region may experience occasional showers and light easterly winds.
Spring
Spring (September to November) brings a gradual decrease in cloud cover, and sunshine hours increase. By late spring, the average daily sunshine is around 6-7 hours, and the weather becomes more settled and enjoyable.
Clouds and Local Climate
The clouds in Wollongong play a significant role in shaping the local climate. The low cloud cover during summer helps moderate temperatures and humidity, making the summers more comfortable. In contrast, the higher cloud cover during winter helps trap heat near the ground, resulting in milder winter temperatures compared to other inland regions of Australia. The occasional thunderstorms during summer provide much-needed rainfall and can help break up periods of hot and humid weather.
Annual Precipitation
Wollongong, located on the southeastern coast of Australia, experiences a humid subtropical climate with moderate annual precipitation. The average annual rainfall is approximately 1,200 millimeters (47 inches). The wettest months are June and July, with an average rainfall of over 150 millimeters (6 inches) each. In contrast, the driest months are January and February, with an average rainfall of less than 100 millimeters (4 inches) each.
Seasonal Distribution
The distribution of precipitation in Wollongong follows a seasonal pattern. During the summer months (December to February), rainfall is relatively low due to the dominance of the high-pressure system over the region. In the autumn and spring months (March to May, and September to November), rainfall increases as low-pressure systems and cold fronts move across the area. The winter months (June to August) experience the heaviest rainfall, particularly during intense storms and easterly weather patterns.
Rainfall Patterns
Wollongong receives an average annual rainfall of approximately 1,200 millimeters, with a distinct wet and dry season. The wet season typically occurs during the cooler months from April to October, influenced by easterly and southeasterly winds that bring moisture from the Tasman Sea. During this period, Wollongong can experience frequent rainfall, including occasional heavy downpours.
In contrast, the dry season runs from November to March and is characterized by lower rainfall amounts. During this period, the prevailing winds change to northwesterlies, bringing drier conditions and occasional hot and windy days. Nonetheless, scattered showers or thunderstorms can still occur during the dry season.
Rainfall variability is a significant aspect of Wollongong’s climate. While annual rainfall averages have remained relatively stable over the long term, the city has experienced notable fluctuations in recent years. This includes periods of severe drought and extreme rainfall events. These variations can impact water availability, agriculture, and urban infrastructure.
Historical Occurrences of Snowfall
Wollongong, situated on the eastern coast of Australia, has an atypical climate not conducive to snowfall. However, there have been rare instances where the city has witnessed this weather phenomenon. The most recent occurrence was in July 2015, when a cold front from Antarctica brought heavy snowfall to the Illawarra region. Snowfall was also recorded in June 1986 and August 1965, leaving a lasting impact on the memory of locals.
Impact on the City and Community
While snowfall is an uncommon sight in Wollongong, its occurrence has significant implications for the city and its residents. The sudden change in weather conditions poses challenges to infrastructure and transportation, with roads becoming slippery and public transport services disrupted. Schools and businesses may also be forced to close or operate with reduced hours. Despite these inconveniences, the snow also brings a sense of wonder and excitement to the community. Residents often seize the opportunity to engage in snow-related activities such as building snowmen, throwing snowball fights, and capturing the picturesque winter scenery.
UV Index and Sun Protection
The UV index in Wollongong, Australia, measures the intensity of the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays, which can cause sunburn, skin damage, and skin cancer. The UV index ranges from 0-16+, with higher numbers indicating more intense UV radiation. In Wollongong, the UV index is typically high during the summer months, especially between 10 am and 4 pm. It is essential to take precautions during this period by seeking shade, wearing sunscreen, sunglasses, and protective clothing. The Cancer Council of Australia recommends an SPF (Sun Protection Factor) of 30 or higher and reapplication every two hours.
Seasonal Variation
The sunshine hours in Wollongong vary significantly throughout the year. The city experiences an average of 8.3 hours of sunshine per day during the summer (December to February), and this drops to 4.5 hours per day during the winter (June to August). The amount of sunshine also depends on the amount of cloud cover and rainfall. During the summer months, Wollongong receives an average of 150 mm of rainfall per month, while in the winter, the average rainfall is only 45 mm per month. The lower rainfall in the winter months contributes to the reduced sunshine hours.
Moon Phases in Wollongong
Wollongong, Australia, experiences varying moon phases throughout the month. The new moon, when the moon is not visible in the sky, occurs approximately every 29.5 days. During this phase, the moon is between the Earth and the sun, and its dark side faces Earth. The full moon, when the moon’s entire face is illuminated, occurs approximately two weeks after the new moon. This phase occurs when the moon is opposite the sun, with Earth in between.
Moonrise and Moonset Times
The time of moonrise and moonset in Wollongong varies depending on the date and the specific moon phase. During the new moon, the moon is not visible in the sky, so there is no moonrise or moonset time. During the full moon, the moon rises at sunset and sets at sunrise. In between these two phases, the moon rises and sets at different times each day, with the moonrise time getting progressively later and the moonset time getting progressively earlier as the moon approaches the new phase.
Humidity in Wollongong, Australia
Wollongong, a coastal city in New South Wales, Australia, experiences humidity levels that vary significantly throughout the year. The city’s proximity to the Pacific Ocean results in a humid subtropical climate, characterized by warm, humid summers and mild, relatively dry winters. During the warmer months, from December to April, average humidity levels range between 65% and 80%. The combination of high temperatures and humidity can make it uncomfortable outdoors, especially during the afternoon hours.
In contrast, winter months (June-August) bring lower humidity levels, typically ranging from 50% to 70%. During this time, the air is drier and less oppressive, providing more comfortable conditions for outdoor activities. While humidity levels vary throughout the year, Wollongong generally experiences a higher annual average humidity compared to other major cities in Australia. The city’s coastal location and proximity to the ocean contribute to the high moisture content in the air, which can impact both the comfort levels of residents and the overall climate of the region.
Wind Characteristics
Wollongong, a coastal city in New South Wales, Australia, experiences a predominantly south-westerly wind regime. These winds are primarily driven by the pressure gradient between the subtropical high to the north and the polar low to the south. The city’s location on the Illawarra Escarpment further influences the wind patterns, resulting in frequent down-slope winds, particularly during the morning and evening. The wind speeds in Wollongong are generally moderate to strong, with annual average speeds ranging between 30-50 km/h.
Impact on Weather and Climate
The prevailing south-westerly winds in Wollongong have a significant impact on the city’s weather and climate. The winds bring cool and moist air from the ocean, contributing to the city’s mild and temperate climate. The winds also help disperse pollutants, contributing to Wollongong’s relatively good air quality. However, during the summer months, the winds can be hot and dry, leading to occasional heatwaves. Additionally, the strong winds can create hazardous conditions for surfing and other water sports along the coast.
Spring (September-November):
Spring is an ideal time to visit Wollongong as the weather is mild and pleasant. Temperatures average between 15-20°C (59-68°F), providing perfect conditions for outdoor activities. The days are longer, offering more daylight hours for exploring the city’s beaches, hiking trails, and parks. The iconic Bulli Pass provides breathtaking views of the coastline and hinterland, especially during this time of year when the wildflowers are in bloom.
Summer (December-February):
Summer in Wollongong is warm and sunny, with temperatures reaching an average of 25°C (77°F). This is the peak season for sunbathing, swimming, and enjoying the many water-based activities the city has to offer. The beaches are lively, with plenty of opportunities for surfing, snorkeling, and paddleboarding. The city also hosts a calendar of summer events, such as live music performances, outdoor festivals, and sporting competitions, adding to the bustling atmosphere. However, it’s important to note that summer is also the wet season in Wollongong, and occasional rainfall is to be expected, providing relief from the heat.
Current Solar Landscape in Wollongong
Wollongong, a coastal city in Australia, has experienced a surge in solar energy adoption in recent years. As of 2023, it boasts over 10,000 solar photovoltaic (PV) systems installed, with a combined capacity of approximately 40 megawatts (MW). This widespread uptake is driven by government incentives, declining solar panel costs, and growing environmental awareness. Local businesses and households have actively embraced rooftop solar, contributing to the city’s renewable energy transition.
Benefits and Opportunities
The adoption of solar energy in Wollongong offers numerous benefits. It helps reduce electricity bills, promotes environmental sustainability, and contributes to the city’s energy independence. The abundant sunshine hours in Wollongong make it an ideal location for solar power generation, and the city’s support for solar initiatives further encourages its growth. Additionally, solar energy can create local employment opportunities in the installation, maintenance, and manufacturing sectors, fostering economic development while meeting the increasing demand for renewable energy sources.
Coastal Plain
Wollongong’s coastal plain is a narrow strip of land that separates the Illawarra escarpment from the Pacific Ocean. It is formed by the accumulation of sediments from the Illawarra River and other smaller creeks and streams. The coastal plain is relatively flat and low-lying, with an average elevation of only 10 meters above sea level. It is home to the city of Wollongong and several other towns and villages. The coastal plain is also a popular destination for tourists, who come to enjoy the beaches, surf, and other attractions.
Illawarra Escarpment
The Illawarra Escarpment is a steep, rugged ridge that runs parallel to the coast for about 100 kilometers. It is formed by the uplift of the Australian continent over millions of years. The escarpment is a major geological feature of the region and forms a natural barrier between the coastal plain and the Southern Highlands. The escarpment is also a popular destination for hikers and rock climbers, who come to enjoy the challenging terrain and stunning views.
Sydney Kingsford Smith Airport (SYD)
Sydney Kingsford Smith Airport (SYD) is the nearest airport to Wollongong, Australia. It is located approximately 80 kilometers (50 miles) north of Wollongong in the suburb of Mascot. SYD is the busiest airport in Australia and serves as a major hub for both domestic and international flights. The airport has three terminals and offers a wide range of services and amenities, including a variety of shops, restaurants, and transportation options.
Other Nearby Airports
In addition to Sydney Kingsford Smith Airport, there are several other airports that are within a reasonable driving distance of Wollongong. These airports include:
- Illawarra Regional Airport (WOL): Located approximately 20 kilometers (12 miles) south of Wollongong, Illawarra Regional Airport is a smaller airport that primarily serves regional flights.
- Canberra Airport (CBR): Located approximately 120 kilometers (75 miles) southwest of Wollongong, Canberra Airport is the nearest international airport to the city. However, it is important to note that the frequency of flights to and from Canberra Airport may be limited compared to Sydney Kingsford Smith Airport.
History of Wollongong
Wollongong, situated in southeastern Australia, has a rich and diverse historical tapestry. Its Aboriginal heritage dates back thousands of years, with the Dharawal people being the traditional custodians of the land. European settlement commenced in the early 19th century, and the town rapidly grew into a significant industrial hub due to its extensive coal deposits. The Illawarra Coalfields, located in the hinterland, fueled the economic growth of the region, leading to the establishment of steel and chemical industries. During World War II, Wollongong played a crucial role in supporting Allied forces, with the steelworks producing munitions and the port serving as a major supply base.
Modern Wollongong
Today, Wollongong is a vibrant and modern city with a population of approximately 310,000. It has transformed from an industrial center into a thriving hub for education, healthcare, and tourism. The University of Wollongong, established in 1975, is one of the leading universities in Australia and renowned for its research and teaching excellence. The city is also home to several major hospitals, making it a significant healthcare provider for the region. Wollongong’s natural beauty, including its pristine beaches, picturesque escarpment, and lush rainforests, attracts visitors from around the globe. The city offers a diverse range of cultural and recreational activities, including festivals, live music, art exhibitions, and outdoor adventures.