Tuxtla Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Mexico

Hot and Rainy Season

Tuxtla experiences a tropical savanna climate, characterized by a distinct wet and dry season. The hot and rainy season, also known as the monsoon season, spans from May to October. During this period, temperatures typically range from 25°C to 35°C (77°F to 95°F). Precipitation is abundant, with an average of over 1,000 mm (40 inches) falling during this season. Heavy downpours are common, often accompanied by thunder and lightning. The humidity levels are high, making the weather feel even hotter.

Cool and Dry Season

The cool and dry season, which runs from November to April, offers a respite from the intense heat and rainfall. Temperatures during this time typically fall between 15°C and 25°C (59°F and 77°F), with occasional cooler nights. Precipitation is significantly reduced, with an average of less than 100 mm (4 inches) falling during this period. The weather is generally clear and sunny, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities. However, occasional cold spells can bring temperatures below 10°C (50°F), particularly in the early morning hours.

Average Temperature in Tuxtla, Mexico: Monthly Variations

Tuxtla Gutiérrez, the capital city of Chiapas, Mexico, experiences a tropical savanna climate with distinct wet and dry seasons. The average temperature throughout the year remains relatively stable, with monthly variations ranging from a minimum of 20°C in January to a maximum of 27°C in May and June. January and February are generally the coolest months, while April through June are the warmest.

Seasonal Patterns and Temperature Extremes

During the dry season, from November to April, temperatures are typically moderate, with average highs in the mid-20s °C and average lows in the mid-teens °C. The wet season, which lasts from May to October, brings higher humidity and occasional thunderstorms. During this period, average temperatures remain elevated, but there is a slight decrease in the daily range, with average highs in the mid-20s °C and average lows in the high teens °C. The lowest recorded temperature in Tuxtla was 5°C, while the highest recorded temperature was 42°C.

Cloud Coverage and Types

Tuxtla, located in the south of Mexico, experiences a wide range of cloud cover throughout the year. During the dry season, from November to April, the skies are generally clear, with only occasional clouds passing by. However, during the wet season, from May to October, cloud cover increases significantly, with frequent showers and thunderstorms. The most common cloud types observed in Tuxtla are cumulus, cirrus, and stratus clouds. Cumulus clouds are puffy, white clouds that appear during the day and dissolve at night. Cirrus clouds are thin, wispy clouds that are composed of ice crystals and are visible at high altitudes. Stratus clouds are gray, featureless clouds that often cover the entire sky and can produce drizzle or light rain.

Seasonal Precipitation and Cloud Formation

The seasonal changes in cloud cover and precipitation in Tuxtla are primarily influenced by the movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a band of low pressure that encircles the Earth near the equator. During the dry season, the ITCZ is located to the south of Mexico, resulting in less moisture and fewer clouds. However, as the ITCZ moves northward during the wet season, it brings increased humidity and precipitation to Tuxtla. This increased moisture leads to the formation of more clouds, resulting in the frequent showers and thunderstorms that characterize the wet season in the region.

Precipitation Patterns in Tuxtla, Mexico

Tuxtla, the capital of Chiapas state in southeastern Mexico, experiences abundant precipitation throughout the year. The city falls within the tropical monsoon climate zone, characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons. The wet season spans from May to October, with peak rainfall occurring in June and September. During this period, the city receives an average of 200-300 mm of rain per month. The dry season, on the other hand, occurs from November to April and is characterized by significantly reduced rainfall, with an average of less than 50 mm per month.

The annual precipitation in Tuxtla is highly variable, ranging from 1,000 to 2,000 mm. However, the city typically receives around 1,300-1,500 mm of rainfall annually. This precipitation plays a crucial role in sustaining the city’s lush vegetation and supporting its agricultural activities. Tropical cyclones and easterly waves often bring heavy rainfall to Tuxtla, particularly during the peak of the wet season. The city has also experienced extreme precipitation events in recent years, leading to flooding and landslides in certain areas.

Rainfall Patterns

Tuxtla, Mexico experiences a tropical wet and dry climate, characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons. The wet season typically runs from May to October, accounting for over 75% of the annual rainfall. During this period, heavy rainfall is common, with average monthly precipitation exceeding 200 mm (8 inches). The dry season, lasting from November to April, is significantly drier, with average monthly precipitation below 50 mm (2 inches).

Seasonal Variability

The annual rainfall in Tuxtla varies significantly from year to year. Wet years can receive over 2,000 mm (80 inches) of rainfall, while dry years may receive less than 1,200 mm (47 inches). The wettest and driest months are typically September (250-300 mm) and February (5-10 mm), respectively. The heaviest rainfall events often occur during the peak of the wet season in June and July when tropical storms and hurricanes can bring torrential downpours, leading to flooding and landslides.

Historical Occurrence

Snowfall in Tuxtla, Mexico, a city located in the southern state of Chiapas, is an extremely rare phenomenon. The city lies within the tropics and is characterized by a warm, humid climate. However, on January 12, 1967, Tuxtla experienced an extraordinary weather event that resulted in snowfall. The snow fell for several hours, covering the city in a blanket of white. This occurrence marked the first and only recorded snowfall in Tuxtla’s history and remains a significant event in the local lore.

Causes and Impacts

The snowfall in Tuxtla was caused by a cold front that pushed down from the United States, bringing with it cold air and moisture. As the front moved across Mexico, it encountered warmer air from the Gulf of Mexico, leading to the formation of clouds. The clouds then released snow as they encountered the cold front. The snowfall had a significant impact on Tuxtla. It disrupted daily life, closing schools and businesses. The city’s infrastructure was also affected, as power outages and water shortages occurred. However, the snowfall also brought joy to many residents, who had never experienced snow before.

Sunrise and Sunset in Tuxtla

In Tuxtla Gutierrez, the sun rises reliably each morning. The exact time of sunrise varies slightly throughout the year due to the Earth’s changing position relative to the sun. Typically, sunrise occurs between 6:00 AM and 7:00 AM during the winter months (November to February) and between 5:30 AM and 6:30 AM during the summer months (May to August). As the days lengthen in the spring and summer, the sun rises progressively earlier, reaching its earliest point around the summer solstice in June. Conversely, as autumn approaches, the sun rises later each day, reaching its latest point around the winter solstice in December.

Sunlight Hours in Tuxtla

Tuxtla enjoys ample sunlight throughout the year. On average, the city receives around 7 hours of sunshine per day. This number is relatively consistent throughout the year, although there is some variation depending on the season. During the wet season (May to October), cloud cover can reduce the amount of sunshine received, especially during the afternoon and evening. Conversely, during the dry season (November to April), clear skies and ample sunshine are more prevalent.

Moon Phases in Tuxtla, Mexico

The moon’s phases are a mesmerizing celestial spectacle that captivate observers in Tuxtla, Mexico. From the ethereal glow of a new moon to the radiant brilliance of a full moon, each phase offers a unique experience. During a new moon, the moon is not visible from Earth, as it aligns between the sun and our planet. As it waxes, it gradually becomes visible in the sky as a thin crescent. The first quarter moon, when half of the moon is illuminated, provides soft and ambient lighting.

As the moon continues to wax, it transitions into a gibbous phase, where more than half of its surface is illuminated. The full moon marks the peak of the moon’s visibility, when its entire face is bathed in sunlight. This phase casts a bright glow upon the landscape, creating clear and ethereal nights. As the moon wanes, it again undergoes the gibbous and third quarter phases, before returning to the new moon phase.

Lunar Events in Tuxtla, Mexico

In addition to the regular moon phases, Tuxtla’s residents may witness occasional lunar events. Solar eclipses occur when the moon passes between the sun and Earth, blocking out the sun’s light. During a total solar eclipse, darkness descends during the daytime, creating an awe-inspiring spectacle. Lunar eclipses, on the other hand, occur when Earth passes between the sun and moon, casting a shadow upon the moon’s surface. The moon may appear red or orange during this event, giving it a “blood moon” appearance.

Humidity in Tuxtla, Mexico: Characteristics and Variations

Tuxtla Gutiérrez, the capital of the Mexican state of Chiapas, experiences tropical savanna climate characterized by high humidity throughout the year. The city lies in the humid tropics, just 5 degrees north of the equator, contributing to its warm and humid conditions. Tuxtla’s humidity levels vary from 60% to 90% on average, with minimal seasonal variations. During the wet season (May to October), humidity tends to be slightly higher due to increased precipitation and cloud cover. However, even during the drier months, humidity remains relatively high, creating a muggy and oppressive atmosphere.

Impact of High Humidity on Weather and Climate

The high humidity in Tuxtla has a significant impact on the city’s weather and climate. The moisture-laden air reduces the effectiveness of evaporative cooling, resulting in a “feels-like” temperature that is often several degrees higher than the actual temperature. High humidity contributes to the formation of clouds, increasing the likelihood of precipitation and afternoon thunderstorms. It also favors the growth of vegetation, contributing to the lush greenery that surrounds Tuxtla. However, the high humidity can also be a breeding ground for mold, mildew, and other microorganisms, requiring proper moisture management in buildings and homes to prevent health hazards and discomfort for residents.

Wind Patterns in Tuxtla Gutierrez

Tuxtla Gutierrez, the capital of the Mexican state of Chiapas, experiences distinct wind patterns throughout the year. During the dry season, from November to May, the prevailing winds are from the northeast, known as “nortes.” These winds are typically strong and can bring cold temperatures to the city. During the rainy season, from June to October, the prevailing winds shift to the southeast, bringing warm and humid air from the Gulf of Mexico. These winds are often accompanied by heavy rainfall and thunderstorms.

Impacts of Wind on Tuxtla Gutierrez

The winds in Tuxtla Gutierrez have a significant impact on the city’s environment and daily life. The strong nortes during the dry season can cause damage to buildings and vegetation, and can also lead to respiratory problems for residents. The winds during the rainy season, on the other hand, bring much-needed moisture to the city, but can also cause flooding and other weather-related hazards. In addition, the city’s wind patterns can affect air quality, with strong winds from the northeast often bringing in pollutants from the Gulf of Mexico.

Best time to visit in Tuxtla

The best time to visit Tuxtla is during the dry season, which runs from November to April. During this time, the weather is generally warm and sunny, with little rainfall. This makes it ideal for outdoor activities such as hiking, biking, and swimming. However, it is important to note that temperatures can still reach the high 90s (37 degrees Celsius) during the day, so it is important to stay hydrated and wear sunscreen.

If you are looking for a more affordable time to visit, the shoulder months of May and October can be a good option. During these months, the weather is still generally good, but there is a greater chance of rain. This can make it a bit more difficult to plan outdoor activities, but it can also lead to some beautiful rainbows and waterfalls. Additionally, hotel prices tend to be lower during these months.

Potential for Solar Energy in Tuxtla

Tuxtla, Mexico, boasts an abundance of sunshine throughout the year, making it an ideal location for solar energy development. The city receives an average of 5.5 peak sunlight hours per day, well above the global average of 4.6 hours. This high solar irradiance provides a significant opportunity for harnessing solar power to meet the city’s energy needs. By utilizing solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, Tuxtla can reduce its reliance on fossil fuels and transition towards a cleaner and more sustainable energy future.

Current Solar Energy Initiatives

To capitalize on this potential, several solar energy initiatives are currently underway in Tuxtla. The city has partnered with private companies to install solar panels on rooftops and in public spaces. Additionally, the government has implemented feed-in tariffs and other incentives to encourage the development of solar energy projects. These initiatives have resulted in the installation of over 10 megawatts of solar capacity in the city, with plans for further expansion in the coming years. The increasing demand for solar power in Tuxtla is a testament to its economic and environmental benefits, as well as the city’s commitment to sustainability.

Sierra Madre de Chiapas

Tuxtla Gutiérrez is nestled in the foothills of the Sierra Madre de Chiapas, a majestic mountain range that stretches across southeastern Mexico. The range forms a natural barrier between the Pacific and Gulf of Mexico watersheds, shaping the city’s topography and determining its water supply. The steep slopes and rugged terrain of the Sierra Madre provide a dramatic backdrop to Tuxtla, with peaks reaching over 2,000 meters in elevation.

Sumidero Canyon

One of the most prominent geographical features in the Tuxtla region is the Sumidero Canyon. This deep, narrow gorge was carved by the Grijalva River over millions of years. Its towering cliffs, up to 1,000 meters high, enclose a verdant ecosystem teeming with wildlife. The canyon offers stunning vistas and is a popular destination for tourists and nature enthusiasts alike. In addition to its scenic beauty, Sumidero Canyon plays a crucial role in regulating the Grijalva River’s flow and preventing flooding downstream.

Ángel Albino Corzo International Airport (TGZ)

Ángel Albino Corzo International Airport (TGZ), also known as Tuxtla Gutiérrez International Airport, is the nearest airport serving Tuxtla Gutiérrez, the capital city of the Mexican state of Chiapas. Located approximately 35 kilometers (22 miles) southeast of the city center, TGZ handles both domestic and international flights. The airport serves as a major gateway to the Chiapas region and offers connections to destinations throughout Mexico, Central America, and the United States.

TGZ features a single terminal with modern amenities and a wide range of services for passengers. The airport has a capacity to handle over 1.5 million passengers annually and is equipped with a 2,500-meter (8,200-foot) runway that can accommodate large aircraft. Airlines operating at TGZ include Aeroméxico, Volaris, VivaAerobus, and United Airlines. Non-stop flights are available to destinations such as Mexico City, Cancun, Monterrey, Guadalajara, Dallas, and Houston.

Culture and History of Tuxtla

Tuxtla Gutiérrez, commonly known as Tuxtla, is the capital of the Mexican state of Chiapas. It’s a vibrant city steeped in a rich history and culture. The city’s indigenous roots are evident in its traditions, cuisine, and architectural landmarks. One of the most iconic structures is the Templo de Santo Domingo, a 16th-century former Catholic monastery renowned for its intricate Baroque façade and colorful interior murals. The city also boasts several museums that delve into the region’s indigenous heritage and colonial past, including the Regional Museum of Chiapas.

Natural Surroundings and Tourist Attractions

Tuxtla is nestled amidst stunning natural surroundings, offering a plethora of recreational opportunities. The Cañón del Sumidero National Park is a breathtaking natural gorge that attracts hikers, boaters, and nature enthusiasts alike. The park features towering cliffs, cascading waterfalls, and abundant wildlife, including crocodiles, monkeys, and exotic birds. The city also boasts several parks and gardens, including the Jardín Botánico de Tuxtla, which showcases a diverse collection of local and exotic plant species. Other popular tourist attractions include the ZooMAT, a wildlife park featuring a wide array of animals, and the Centro Cultural Jaime Sabines, which hosts exhibitions and cultural events.