Teofilo Otoni Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Brazil

Temperature and Humidity

Teófilo Otoni experiences a humid subtropical climate, with warm to hot temperatures throughout the year. Average temperatures range from a minimum of 18°C (64°F) in July to a maximum of 27°C (81°F) in February. Humidity levels are consistently high, averaging around 80% throughout the year, leading to a muggy and uncomfortable atmosphere.

Rainfall and Precipitation

The city receives abundant rainfall, with an average annual precipitation of approximately 1,200 mm (47 inches). Rainfall is distributed relatively evenly throughout the year, although the wettest months are typically from October to March. During this period, heavy downpours are common, sometimes accompanied by thunderstorms. Conversely, the dry season from April to September brings less rainfall, although afternoon showers can still occur.

Climate Summary

Teófilo Otoni, situated in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, experiences a tropical savanna climate with distinct wet and dry seasons. During the summer months (December to April), heavy rainfall is prevalent, while the winter months (June to September) are characterized by milder temperatures and limited precipitation. The city’s average annual temperature hovers around 22°C (71.6°F). Throughout the year, Teófilo Otoni enjoys warm to hot temperatures, with average highs ranging from 27°C (80.6°F) in June to 30°C (86°F) in January and February.

Seasonal Variations

Summer in Teófilo Otoni is a season of high humidity, abundant rainfall, and occasional thunderstorms. The rainy season typically begins in December and lasts until April, contributing to the city’s average annual precipitation of 1,200 mm (47.2 in). During this period, temperatures remain high, with warm days and muggy nights.

In contrast, winter in Teófilo Otoni is characterized by a decrease in precipitation and milder temperatures. The dry season runs from June to September, bringing with it cooler nights and reduced humidity. Although temperatures can drop to as low as 15°C (59°F) at night, they typically range between 22°C (71.6°F) and 25°C (77°F) during the day.

Cloud Formations

Teófilo Otoni, Brazil experiences diverse cloud formations due to its tropical climate and geographical location. Cumulus clouds, characterized by their puffy, cotton-like appearance, are common throughout the year. These clouds often indicate fair weather, but can sometimes develop into more significant cloud formations. Cirrus clouds, thin, wispy clouds that appear high in the atmosphere, are also frequently observed. These clouds are composed of ice crystals and often indicate fair weather or an approaching storm system.

During the rainy season, from October to April, Teófilo Otoni experiences increased cloud cover. Stratus clouds, which form a uniform, gray sheet covering the sky, are commonly observed during this period. These clouds often bring drizzle or light rain. Cumulonimbus clouds, towering clouds with anvil-shaped tops, are also common during the rainy season. These clouds are associated with thunderstorms, heavy rainfall, and occasional hail.

Annual Precipitation Patterns

Teófilo Otoni, a city in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, experiences distinct seasonal precipitation patterns. During the wet season, which typically runs from October to March, the city receives an average of 700-900 millimeters (28-35 inches) of rainfall. These months are characterized by frequent thunderstorms and heavy downpours, which can sometimes lead to flooding.

During the dry season, from April to September, precipitation is significantly lower, averaging around 200-300 millimeters (8-12 inches) per month. The weather during this period is generally drier, with occasional light showers. However, occasional cold fronts from the south can bring brief periods of rainfall, especially during the months of May and September.

Seasonal Impacts

The seasonal precipitation patterns in Teófilo Otoni have a significant impact on the local environment and economy. During the wet season, the heavy rains can cause soil erosion and flooding, which can damage infrastructure and crops. The abundance of water during this period also supports a lush vegetation, with vibrant green landscapes and blooming flowers.

During the dry season, the reduced precipitation can lead to drought conditions, especially in the months of July and August. This can impact agricultural activities, as crops and livestock require adequate water for growth and survival. The dry season also intensifies forest fire risks, as the lack of rainfall leaves the vegetation dry and vulnerable to ignition.

Rainfall Patterns

Teofilo Otoni, a municipality in southeastern Brazil, experiences distinct rainfall patterns throughout the year. The rainy season typically runs from October to March, with peak precipitation occurring in December and January. During this period, the city receives an average of 150-200 millimeters of rainfall per month, resulting in lush vegetation and abundant water resources. Conversely, the dry season extends from April to September, characterized by significantly reduced precipitation. Monthly rainfall averages around 20-50 millimeters, leading to drier conditions and potential water shortages in certain areas.

Impact and Variability

The rainfall patterns in Teofilo Otoni have a profound impact on the municipality’s agriculture, economy, and infrastructure. During the rainy season, heavy downpours can cause flooding, damaging crops and disrupting transportation routes. However, the abundant rainfall also supports agricultural activities, particularly the cultivation of coffee, sugarcane, and soybeans. In contrast, the dry season poses challenges for farmers as water availability becomes limited. Additionally, the variability in rainfall amounts from year to year can lead to fluctuations in crop yields and agricultural productivity, affecting the local economy and food security.

Historical Snowfall Event

On July 18, 2013, an extraordinary snowfall occurred in the Brazilian city of Teófilo Otoni, located in the state of Minas Gerais. This unprecedented event, which has never been recorded before or since, left the local population in awe and wonder. The snowfall lasted for approximately 30 minutes, covering the streets and surroundings in a thin layer of white. Despite the short duration, it was a significant and memorable sight that captured the attention of the nation.

Exceptional Atmospheric Conditions

The snowfall in Teófilo Otoni was a product of an exceptionally cold front that had moved across Brazil from the south. A combination of cold and humid air masses, along with a sudden drop in temperature, created the perfect conditions for snow formation. The altitude of the city, which is located at over 2,500 feet above sea level, also contributed to the formation of snow. It is worth noting that snowfall is extremely rare in Brazil, making this event even more extraordinary and unforgettable.

Sunrise and Sunset Times

The sun rises and sets at different times throughout the year in Teofilo Otoni, Brazil, due to the Earth’s tilt and orbit around the sun. During the summer months (December to February), the sun rises around 6:00 AM and sets around 7:00 PM. In the winter months (June to August), the sun rises around 7:00 AM and sets around 6:00 PM.

Sunlight Hours

The number of daylight hours in a day in Teofilo Otoni varies throughout the year. During the summer months, there are around 12 hours of daylight, while in the winter months there are around 10 hours. The longest day of the year occurs on December 21st or 22nd, with around 13 hours of daylight. The shortest day of the year occurs on June 20th or 21st, with around 10 hours of daylight.

Moon’s Phases and Visibility

The moon’s appearance in Teófilo Otoni, Brazil, varies throughout the month due to its different phases. The new moon phase occurs when the moon is not visible from Earth. As the moon orbits Earth, it becomes progressively illuminated by sunlight, resulting in the waxing crescent and first quarter phases. During the full moon phase, the entire face of the moon is illuminated and visible, appearing as a bright circle in the night sky. After the full moon, the moon enters the waning gibbous, third quarter, and waning crescent phases as its illuminated area gradually decreases.

Moonrise and Moonset Times

The time of moonrise and moonset in Teófilo Otoni changes daily. These times can be calculated based on the moon’s position in relation to Earth and the location of the observer. The moon typically rises in the east and sets in the west. The exact times of moonrise and moonset can be consulted through astronomical calendars, websites, or mobile applications that provide astronomical information.

Seasonal Humidity Variations

Throughout the year, Teófilo Otoni experiences significant variations in humidity levels. The driest period is during the austral winter (May to September), when the average relative humidity drops to around 60%. During this time, the atmosphere is generally drier, with less moisture in the air.

Humidity During the Rainy Season

In contrast, the austral summer (November to March) marks the peak of the rainy season in Teófilo Otoni. As a result, the humidity levels rise considerably, reaching an average of 85% or higher. The increased moisture content in the air makes the environment feel sultry and uncomfortable, especially during the daytime when temperatures are high. This period also coincides with increased rainfall and cloud cover, further contributing to the high humidity levels.

Wind Speed and Patterns

Teofilo Otoni, Brazil, experiences moderate wind speeds throughout the year, with an average speed of 10-15 kilometers per hour (6-9 miles per hour). The predominant wind direction is from the east-northeast, providing a consistent breeze that helps moderate temperatures. During the wet season, from October to April, winds tend to be slightly stronger and more variable, often originating from the southeast or south. In the dry season, from May to September, winds typically weaken and become more constant from the east-northeast.

Wind Energy Potential

The moderate wind speeds in Teofilo Otoni present opportunities for wind energy development. Several wind farms have been established in the region, harnessing the consistent breezes to generate renewable electricity. The wind energy potential is particularly high in areas located on the outskirts of the city, where there is less obstruction from buildings and vegetation. The development of wind energy projects can contribute to the region’s energy supply and reduce its dependence on fossil fuels. Additionally, wind farms create jobs, boost local economies, and provide environmental benefits by reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Dry Season

The dry season in Teofilo Otoni, Brazil, typically runs from May to September, and this is the ideal time to visit the city. During this period, the weather is generally warm and sunny, with little to no rainfall. The humidity levels are also lower during the dry season, making it more comfortable to explore the city’s attractions.

Shoulder Months

The shoulder months, April and October, offer a pleasant blend of the dry and wet seasons. While there may be occasional showers during these months, the weather is generally mild and enjoyable. The humidity levels are slightly higher than during the dry season, but it is still comfortable enough for outdoor activities.

Solar Energy Potential

Teófilo Otoni, located in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, boasts exceptional solar energy potential. The region experiences high levels of solar irradiance throughout the year, with an average of 5.5 kWh/m²/day. This abundant sunshine makes Teófilo Otoni a prime location for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. Additionally, the city has a stable political and economic climate, which encourages investments in renewable energy projects.

Solar Energy Projects

Recognizing the vast solar energy potential, the municipality of Teófilo Otoni has implemented several initiatives to promote its adoption. In 2019, the city inaugurated the largest solar PV project in Minas Gerais, with a capacity of 12.5 MW. This project, known as “Geração Solar de Teófilo Otoni,” generates enough electricity to power approximately 20,000 homes. Several smaller-scale solar projects have also been installed on rooftops and in rural areas, further contributing to the city’s renewable energy production.

General Topography

Teofilo Otoni, a municipality in Minas Gerais, Brazil, exhibits a diverse topography characterized by hills, plains, and plateaus. The Serra do Espinhaço mountain range dominates the northwest, featuring rugged peaks and steep slopes. In contrast, the eastern part comprises vast plains known as chapadas, which are interspersed with valleys and streams. The Rio Doce river basin forms the southern border, creating a fertile valley with rolling hills and occasional cliffs. The city of Teofilo Otoni is situated in a transition zone between the chapadas and the river valley, offering scenic views and ample recreational opportunities.

Specific Landforms

Notable landforms within the Teofilo Otoni municipality include the Pico do Itambé. Standing at 1,368 meters, it is the highest peak in the Serra do Espinhaço and offers panoramic vistas of the surrounding countryside. The Serra da Mantiqueira, located in the south, forms a protective barrier against cold air masses, creating a microclimate that supports a rich biodiversity. The Chapada Diamantina, an extensive plateau in the northeast, is renowned for its unique rock formations, waterfalls, and caves, making it a popular destination for hikers and nature enthusiasts.

Nearest Airport to Teófilo Otoni, Brazil

The nearest airport to Teófilo Otoni, Brazil, is the Governador Valadares Airport (VDA), located approximately 130 kilometers (80 miles) to the north. The airport offers regular flights to major cities in Brazil, including Belo Horizonte, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo. Passengers can conveniently take connecting flights to reach their final destination. VDA Airport is well-equipped with amenities such as car rental services, currency exchange, and dining options.

Other Nearby Airports

In addition to VDA Airport, there are two other airports within reasonable driving distance of Teófilo Otoni. The Vale do Aço Regional Airport (IPN) is located about 150 kilometers (93 miles) to the southeast, while the Vitória Airport (VIX) is approximately 250 kilometers (155 miles) to the east. However, these airports have limited flight options compared to VDA Airport. It is recommended to research flight availability and transportation options before making travel arrangements.

Geography and Demography

Teófilo Otoni is a city in the northeast of Minas Gerais state, Brazil. It is located at the confluence of the Mucuri and Itacambiruçu rivers, in the Jequitinhonha Valley. The city has an area of 3,061.8 km² and a population of 139,312 inhabitants (2020). Teófilo Otoni is the main economic and cultural center of the Jequitinhonha Valley. The city’s economy is based on agriculture, mining, and tourism.

History and Culture

Teófilo Otoni was founded in 1790 by Teófilo Otoni Ramos, a Portuguese explorer. The city was originally called Arraial do Teófilo, but it was later renamed in honor of its founder. Teófilo Otoni was a major center of the diamond trade in the 19th century. The city’s architecture reflects its colonial past, with many historic buildings still standing today. Teófilo Otoni is also known for its vibrant cultural scene, with a number of festivals and events held throughout the year. The city’s music scene is particularly notable, with a number of famous musicians hailing from Teófilo Otoni.