Tbilisi Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Georgia

Seasons in Tbilisi

Tbilisi experiences four distinct seasons, each with its unique climate. Spring, from March to May, brings pleasant temperatures averaging around 15°C (59°F), with occasional rainfall. The city transforms into a vibrant tapestry of colors as flowers bloom and parks come to life. Summer, spanning from June to August, is hot and dry, with average temperatures reaching 28°C (82°F). The sun shines brightly, and humidity levels remain low. Autumn, from September to November, offers a transition period with milder temperatures and sporadic rainfall. The leaves of deciduous trees turn brilliant shades of gold and crimson, creating a stunning display in city parks. Winter, from December to February, is cold and snowy, with average temperatures dropping to 0°C (32°F). Precipitation often falls as snow, blanketing the city in a picturesque winter wonderland.

Average Year-Round Weather

Throughout the year, Tbilisi enjoys a moderate and pleasant climate. In January, the coldest month, average temperatures hover around 0°C (32°F), with occasional snowfall. In contrast, July, the warmest month, boasts average temperatures of 28°C (82°F), with abundant sunshine and minimal humidity. The city receives an average of 600 millimeters (24 inches) of rainfall annually, primarily distributed during spring and autumn. Tbilisi’s unique geographical location, nestled between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, contributes to its temperate climate. This location protects the city from extreme weather conditions, ensuring a comfortable and enjoyable climate throughout the year.

Summer in Tbilisi

Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, experiences warm and sunny summers with average temperatures ranging from 25°C to 35°C (77°F to 95°F). The hottest months are July and August, with temperatures often reaching the mid-30s. The humidity levels tend to be moderate, making the heat less oppressive than in some other parts of the world. However, it’s important to stay hydrated and protect oneself from the sun during peak hours to avoid heatstroke.

Winter in Tbilisi

In contrast to the summer, winters in Tbilisi are cold and dry, with average temperatures hovering around 0°C to 5°C (32°F to 41°F). January is the coldest month, when temperatures can drop below freezing, occasionally accompanied by snowfall. The nights can be particularly chilly, so it’s advisable to pack warm clothing if visiting during this time. However, sunny skies and pleasant winter days are not uncommon, providing opportunities to explore the city’s historical landmarks and charming streets.

Cloud Coverage Patterns in Tbilisi, Georgia

Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, experiences a variety of weather patterns, including different types of cloud coverage. Cloud coverage can significantly impact the city’s climate and daily life. Generally, Tbilisi has a moderate cloud cover, with an average of 5 to 7 oktas (eighths) of the sky covered by clouds during the year. The cloud cover varies seasonally, with the highest coverage occurring during the winter months and the lowest during the summer months.

During the winter, the city is often covered by low clouds, which can bring rain, snow, or fog. These clouds form due to the cold air that traps moisture near the ground. In contrast, during the summer, Tbilisi experiences more clear skies with fewer clouds. The skies are often bright and sunny, and there is little precipitation. The reduced cloud cover allows for more solar radiation to reach the ground, resulting in warmer temperatures.

Seasonal Precipitation Patterns

Tbilisi, Georgia experiences varying precipitation patterns throughout the year. Winter is the driest season, with monthly precipitation generally below 30mm. Precipitation gradually increases in spring, reaching its peak in May and June. During these months, thunderstorms and heavy rainfall are common, often resulting in over 60mm of rainfall per month. Summer is typically less rainy than spring, with July and August being the driest months.

Long-Term Trends

Over the past several decades, Tbilisi has witnessed a gradual increase in annual precipitation. This trend is attributed to changes in global climate patterns, including rising temperatures and altered atmospheric circulation. The increase in precipitation has been particularly pronounced during the spring and summer months, leading to concerns about urban flooding and the management of water resources.

Annual Rainfall Patterns

Tbilisi, Georgia experiences a humid subtropical climate with four distinct seasons. Rainfall is generally distributed throughout the year, with an annual average of around 580 mm (23 inches). The wettest months are typically October and November, when average precipitation exceeds 70 mm (2.8 inches). In contrast, the driest months are June and July, with average rainfall below 20 mm (0.8 inches).

Seasonal Variations and Impact

Spring and summer in Tbilisi are characterized by moderate rainfall and ample sunshine. Occasional thunderstorms and heavy downpours can occur, but extended periods of drought are rare. During autumn, rainfall becomes more frequent and intense, leading to the wettest months of the year. As winter approaches, precipitation tends to decrease and become more sporadic. Snowfall is not common in Tbilisi, but it can sometimes occur in the higher elevations surrounding the city. The rainfall patterns in Tbilisi have a significant impact on the city’s environment and economy. During the wet season, the increased precipitation can lead to flooding and landslides, especially in areas prone to erosion. Conversely, the dry season can result in water shortages and stress on the region’s water resources.

Snowfall in Tbilisi, Georgia

Snowfall is a rare occurrence in Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, as the city is located in a subtropical climate zone. However, when it does snow, it can be a magical and unforgettable experience. The city transforms into a winter wonderland, with snow-covered streets, parks, and buildings. The atmosphere becomes festive and cozy, as locals and tourists alike enjoy the beauty of the winter season.

Despite its infrequency, snowfall in Tbilisi has a significant impact on the city’s daily life. When the snow falls, it can disrupt transportation, causing delays and cancellations of flights, trains, and buses. Schools and businesses may also close or operate on reduced hours. However, the snowfall also brings a sense of joy and excitement, as people embrace the wintry weather with outdoor activities such as sledding, snowball fights, and winter picnics.

Summer Sun in Tbilisi

During the summer months, Tbilisi experiences long, hot, and sunny days. The average temperature in July, the warmest month, is 25 degrees Celsius (77 degrees Fahrenheit), with highs often reaching into the 30s (80s). The sun shines for an average of 10-12 hours per day during this period, providing ample opportunities for outdoor activities and relaxation. The humidity levels are generally low, making the heat more bearable. Visitors can expect clear skies and warm temperatures throughout the day, perfect for exploring the city’s many attractions, such as the Old Town, Narikala Fortress, and the Tbilisi Botanical Gardens.

Winter Sun in Tbilisi

In contrast to the summer, winters in Tbilisi are mild and relatively sunny. The average temperature in January, the coldest month, is 2 degrees Celsius (36 degrees Fahrenheit), with lows occasionally dropping below freezing. Despite the cooler temperatures, the sun still shines for an average of 5-7 hours per day during this period. This makes it possible to enjoy some sunshine and warmth, even on cold winter days. Snowfall is relatively infrequent in Tbilisi, with most winters experiencing only a few light snowfalls. As a result, the city rarely sees extended periods of cloudy or overcast weather. Visitors can expect to experience clear skies and sunshine even during the coldest months, making it a pleasant destination year-round.

Historical Significance

The moon plays a significant role in the history and culture of Tbilisi, Georgia. The city’s name itself derives from the Georgian word for “warm,” possibly alluding to the moon’s illumination of the area. Tbilisi’s ancient Narikala Fortress, perched high on a hill overlooking the city, was once believed to be haunted by the moon god Zaden. During the Middle Ages, the city’s rulers often turned to astrology and lunar cycles to guide their decisions. Even today, the influence of the moon can be seen in Tbilisi’s architecture and religious practices.

Folklore and Mythology

In Georgian folklore, the moon is often associated with romance, beauty, and fertility. The moon is said to be a protector of children and is often invoked in lullabies and prayers. It is also believed that the moon can bring good luck and prosperity. Many Georgian legends and myths involve the moon, including stories about moon spirits, moon maidens, and moonlit transformations. The moon is also a popular subject in Georgian poetry and music, often used as a symbol of love, longing, and nostalgia.

Humidity in Tbilisi, Georgia

Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, experiences a humid subtropical climate characterized by hot, humid summers and moderately cold, damp winters. Humidity levels in the city vary throughout the year, influenced by factors such as temperature, precipitation, and the proximity to the Black Sea.

During the summer months (June to September), humidity levels in Tbilisi typically range between 50% and 70%. The high temperatures, often reaching into the upper 80s or even 90s Fahrenheit, intensify the perceived humidity, making the weather feel even hotter and more uncomfortable. However, the relatively low humidity levels during the winter months (December to February) provide a respite from the summer humidity. Humidity typically hovers around 40% to 50%, sometimes dropping below 40% on particularly cold days.

Wind Patterns and Climate Influence

Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, experiences a unique wind pattern due to its geographical location. Situated in the Kura River Valley, the city is surrounded by the Greater Caucasus Mountains to the north and the Lesser Caucasus Mountains to the south. These mountains act as barriers, channeling winds from the Caspian Sea into the valley. The predominant wind direction in Tbilisi is from the southeast, known as the “garbi,” which brings warm and humid air from the Caspian Sea during the summer months. The “nord” wind, on the other hand, blows from the north and brings cold and dry air from the mountains, especially during the winter season.

Environmental Impacts and Challenges

The wind in Tbilisi can have significant environmental impacts. The “garbi” wind, while providing moisture for agriculture, can also carry dust and pollutants from the Caspian Sea. These pollutants contribute to air pollution levels in the city, particularly during the summer months. Additionally, the wind can intensify air pollution by re-suspending dust and pollutants from the ground, posing health risks to residents. The city also faces challenges related to wind erosion, primarily in the drier eastern parts of the city. Strong winds can strip away soil and damage vegetation, leading to environmental degradation and contributing to the formation of dust storms.

Spring (April – May)

Spring in Tbilisi is a delightful season, with the city adorned in vibrant greenery and blooming flowers. The weather is mostly pleasant, ranging from mild to warm, making it ideal for outdoor activities. The air is fresh and invigorating, perfect for strolling through the charming streets or exploring the nearby parks. The annual Tbilisi Wine Festival is typically held in April, offering a chance to sample local wines and enjoy live music.

Autumn (September – October)

Autumn in Tbilisi is equally enchanting, with the city’s natural surroundings transforming into a tapestry of golden and amber hues. The weather remains relatively warm during this time, with occasional showers adding a touch of crispness to the air. Harvesting season is in full swing, so visitors can indulge in fresh produce at farmers’ markets. The Tbilisi International Film Festival is usually held in October, showcasing a diverse range of films from around the world.

Solar Energy Potential and Development

Tbilisi, the capital city of Georgia, is located in a region with abundant solar energy resources. The city enjoys high levels of solar irradiation throughout the year, with an average of over 5 peak sunlight hours per day. This makes Tbilisi an attractive location for the development of solar energy projects.

In recent years, the Georgian government has made significant efforts to promote the adoption of renewable energy sources, including solar energy. The government has implemented various policies and incentives, such as feed-in tariffs and tax breaks, to encourage the development of solar projects. As a result, there has been a notable increase in the number of solar installations in Tbilisi and the surrounding areas.

Applications and Benefits

Solar energy is currently being used in various applications in Tbilisi. Residential and commercial buildings are increasingly adopting rooftop solar panels to generate electricity for their own use or to sell to the grid. Additionally, solar energy is being used in public infrastructure projects, such as street lighting and electric vehicle charging stations.

The adoption of solar energy in Tbilisi provides numerous benefits, including reduced energy costs for consumers, increased energy independence, and a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Solar energy is a clean and sustainable source of energy that can help to create a more sustainable and environmentally friendly city.

Geographic Setting and Tbilisi’s Flatlands

Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, is strategically situated at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, nestled amidst the Caucasus Mountains. The city occupies a unique geographic setting, marked by a notable topography consisting of flatlands, hills, and elevated ridges. The central part of Tbilisi, where the majority of the population resides, is situated on a relatively flat area, extending along the banks of the Mtkvari River. This flatland terrain, known as the Tbilisi Plateau, provides a stable foundation for the city’s infrastructure, development, and urban expansion.

Hills and Ridges: A Scenic Tapestry

Dotting the Tbilisi landscape are numerous hills and ridges, adding a picturesque and distinctive character to the city. Mount Mtatsminda, towering over the city center, is one of the most prominent landmarks, offering panoramic views of Tbilisi from its summit. Other notable hills include Sololaki, Vera, and Narikala, each boasting unique architectural landmarks and historic significance. The ridges that intertwine these hills form natural divisions within the city, contributing to its diverse topography and creating attractive recreational areas for locals and tourists alike. These hills and ridges not only provide aesthetic appeal but also serve as important geographical features, influencing the city’s climate, drainage patterns, and urban planning.

Tbilisi International Airport (TBS)

Tbilisi International Airport (TBS), officially known as Shota Rustaveli Tbilisi International Airport, is the primary international airport serving Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia. It is located approximately 17 kilometers (11 miles) southeast of the city center.

TBS is the largest and busiest airport in Georgia, handling over 3.7 million passengers in 2019. It serves as a major hub for Georgian Airways, the country’s national airline. The airport has a single runway, measuring 3,000 meters (9,843 feet) long and 45 meters (148 feet) wide. It is equipped with modern facilities, including duty-free shops, restaurants, bars, and currency exchange services. TBS offers direct flights to major cities in Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, including London, Paris, Moscow, Istanbul, and Dubai. It also serves as a gateway to other destinations in Georgia, such as Kutaisi, Batumi, and Mestia.

Alternative Airports

In addition to TBS, there are two other airports in Georgia that offer limited international flights. These airports are:

• Kutaisi International Airport (KUT): Located in the city of Kutaisi, approximately 225 kilometers (140 miles) west of Tbilisi. It offers low-cost flights to destinations in Europe, including Milan, Bologna, and Dortmund.
• Batumi International Airport (BUS): Located in the city of Batumi, approximately 370 kilometers (230 miles) southwest of Tbilisi. It offers seasonal flights to Istanbul and Tel Aviv.

History of Tbilisi

Tbilisi, Georgia’s capital and largest city, boasts a rich and tumultuous history spanning centuries. Founded in the 5th century AD by Vakhtang Gorgasali, the city served as the capital of the Kingdom of Iberia. Over the centuries, Tbilisi has fallen prey to numerous invasions and occupations, including those by the Arabs, Persians, and Mongols. Each conquest left its imprint on the city’s architecture and culture, creating a fascinating tapestry of influences. The 19th century marked a period of significant growth and modernization for Tbilisi, with the arrival of European architecture, the establishment of schools and universities, and the expansion of industry. Despite numerous challenges, including Soviet rule and the Georgian Civil War of the 1990s, Tbilisi has emerged as a vibrant and cosmopolitan city, embracing its multifaceted past while forging a path into the future.

Culture and Attractions

Tbilisi is an artistic and cultural hub, renowned for its diverse architecture, vibrant nightlife, and numerous museums and theaters. The Old Town, with its cobbled streets and historic churches, offers a glimpse into the city’s past, while modern districts showcase sleek skyscrapers and contemporary art galleries. Rustaveli Avenue, the city’s main boulevard, is lined with grand buildings, chic boutiques, and lively cafes. Tbilisi’s cultural attractions cater to a wide range of interests. The National Museum of Georgia showcases the country’s rich history and archaeological finds, while the Tbilisi Opera and Ballet Theatre offers world-class performances. For nature lovers, the Botanical Garden is a tranquil oasis with a vast collection of plants from around the world. Every season brings its own unique charm to Tbilisi, from the warmth of spring to the festive atmosphere of winter. The city’s friendly locals, delicious cuisine, and vibrant ambiance make it an unforgettable destination for travelers and residents alike.