Supaul Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – India

Temperature and Precipitation

Supaul, a city in the Indian state of Bihar, experiences a humid subtropical climate characterized by hot, humid summers and mild, dry winters. Temperatures begin to rise in March, reaching their peak in May and June. During this period, the average temperature hovers around 35°C (95°F), with humidity levels exceeding 60%. Monsoon rains commence in June and continue until September, bringing abundant rainfall to the region. July is the wettest month, witnessing an average of 350 mm (14 inches) of precipitation.

Seasonal Variations

Winter in Supaul is relatively mild, with temperatures dropping to an average low of 8°C (46°F) in January. However, the nights can be noticeably colder, particularly in December and January. Fog and mist are common during the winter months, reducing visibility and making roads slippery. In contrast, summer in Supaul is scorching hot and humid, with temperatures regularly reaching 40°C (104°F). The heat index, which combines temperature and humidity, can soar to dangerous levels during the afternoons.

Temperature Variability

Supaul, India experiences significant temperature variations throughout the year. The hottest months are April and May, with average temperatures ranging from 28°C to 35°C (82°F to 95°F). During this period, scorching heat and high humidity levels can make it uncomfortable for outdoor activities. In contrast, the coldest months are December and January, with average temperatures dropping to 10°C to 15°C (50°F to 59°F). Nighttime temperatures can fall even lower, requiring warm clothing for comfort.

Rainfall and Humidity

Seasonal rainfall also plays a significant role in Supaul’s temperature profile. The monsoon season, which typically lasts from June to September, brings heavy rainfall, leading to a drop in temperatures. During this period, the average temperature range is between 25°C to 30°C (77°F to 86°F). However, the monsoon can also cause high humidity levels, making the weather muggy and uncomfortable.

In summary, Supaul’s temperature is characterized by hot summers and mild winters, with seasonal rainfall and humidity affecting the overall climate. Residents and visitors alike should be prepared for significant temperature variations throughout the year and adjust their activities accordingly.

Cloud Cover and Patterns in Supaul, India

Supaul, a district in the state of Bihar, India, experiences varying cloud cover and patterns throughout the year. During the monsoon season (June-September), the sky is often overcast with thick, gray clouds that bring heavy rainfall. The predominant cloud type during this period is the cumulonimbus, characterized by its towering structure and anvil-shaped top. These clouds can produce intense thunderstorms and hailstorms.

In the winter months (November-February), the cloud cover in Supaul decreases significantly, with clear skies or occasional patches of cirrus clouds. Cirrus clouds are thin, wispy clouds made of ice crystals and appear high in the atmosphere. They are generally associated with fair weather and do not produce precipitation. During the transition months (March-May and October-November), Supaul experiences a mix of cloud types, including cumulus, stratus, and altostratus. These clouds vary in altitude and can bring scattered showers or overcast conditions.

Annual Precipitation and Distribution

Supaul, located in the northern Indian state of Bihar, receives abundant rainfall throughout the year. The average annual precipitation in Supaul is approximately 1,400 mm (55 inches), with the majority of the rainfall occurring during the monsoon season from June to September. During this period, heavy rains are common, leading to flooding in some areas. The remaining months of the year experience relatively low rainfall, with occasional showers during the winter and spring seasons.

Seasonal Variations and Impact

The monsoon season in Supaul is characterized by intense and prolonged rainfall. In July, the city receives about 400 mm (16 inches) of rainfall, making it the wettest month of the year. However, the monsoon also brings significant benefits to the region. The abundant rainfall recharges groundwater aquifers, supports agricultural production, and nourishes the natural ecosystems. During the dry season, from October to May, precipitation is much lower, with average monthly rainfall ranging from 10 to 50 mm (0.4 to 2 inches). This period provides an opportunity for agricultural activities, such as harvesting and soil preparation, as well as recreational activities.

Monthly Rainfall Pattern

Supaul, India, experiences a pronounced monsoon season from June to September, accounting for over 70% of its annual rainfall. The wettest month is July, with an average rainfall of 350 mm. Rainfall gradually decreases in August and September, with an average of 200 mm each month. The driest months are November to April, with minimal rainfall. During the monsoon season, heavy rainfall is frequent, leading to occasional flooding in low-lying areas.

Annual Rainfall Variability

The annual rainfall in Supaul varies significantly from year to year. The long-term average annual rainfall is around 1,200 mm, but it has fluctuated between 800 mm and 1,600 mm in recent years. This variability is influenced by factors such as El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) patterns, which can affect monsoon rainfall intensity. In years with strong El Niño events, rainfall tends to be below average, while La Niña events often bring above-average rainfall.

Unprecedented Snowfall

Supaul district in north-eastern India witnessed an extraordinary snowfall event in January 2023. Heavy snowfall blanketed the region, covering roads, roofs, and vegetation in a thick layer of white. The snowfall was unprecedented in recent history, with snowfall rates reaching up to 5 centimeters per hour. The snowfall caused widespread disruption, with power outages, road closures, and suspension of public transport.

Impact on the Region

The snowfall had a significant impact on the local population. Schools and businesses were closed, and many residents were confined to their homes due to the treacherous conditions. The snowfall also caused damage to infrastructure, particularly to roads and power lines. The local authorities were forced to declare a state of emergency and deploy resources to clear the snow and restore essential services. The snowfall also led to a decline in agricultural productivity, as crops were covered in snow and temperatures dropped significantly.

Sunrise and Sunset Times

In Supaul, India, the sun typically rises between 5:30 AM and 6:00 AM and sets between 6:00 PM and 6:30 PM, depending on the time of year. These times vary slightly throughout the year due to the Earth’s tilt and orbit around the sun. During the summer months (April-June), the sun rises earlier and sets later, while in the winter months (October-March), the sun rises later and sets earlier.

Sunlight Hours

Supaul experiences an average of 9-10 hours of sunlight per day throughout most of the year. The number of sunlight hours peaks during the summer months, when the sun is highest in the sky and the days are longer. In the winter months, the number of sunlight hours decreases as the sun is lower in the sky and the days are shorter. However, even during the winter months, Supaul typically receives at least 6-7 hours of sunlight per day, providing ample opportunities for outdoor activities and vitamin D absorption.

Visibility and Appearance

The Moon, Earth’s natural satellite, is clearly visible from Supaul, India. Its position and appearance vary throughout the lunar cycle. During a full moon, it appears as a large, bright sphere in the night sky, while during a new moon, it is virtually invisible. As the moon progresses through its phases, it transforms from a crescent to a gibbous, showcasing different proportions of its illuminated surface.

Cultural and Religious Significance

The Moon holds significant cultural and religious importance in Supaul, as in many parts of India. The festival of Raksha Bandhan, celebrated in August, involves sisters tying colorful bracelets on their brothers’ wrists to symbolize their bond. Traditionally, the festival is held during the full moon. Additionally, the Hindu festival of Karwa Chauth, observed by married women, features a ritual where they fast and pray for their husbands’ longevity, breaking their fast only after sighting the moon at night.

Humidity in Supaul, India

Supaul, a district in the Indian state of Bihar, experiences a subtropical monsoon climate, characterized by high humidity levels throughout the year. The annual relative humidity in the region ranges from 60% to 85%. During the summer months (March-May), the humidity levels soar to their peak, reaching up to 90%. This high humidity can make it uncomfortable for residents and visitors alike, especially during outdoor activities or physical exertion.

Seasonal Variations

The monsoon season (June-September) brings ample rainfall to Supaul, significantly increasing the humidity levels. The moisture-laden southwest monsoon winds carry water vapor from the Bay of Bengal, resulting in high humidity and frequent precipitation. During this period, the relative humidity can reach up to 95%. In contrast, the winter months (December-February) experience lower humidity levels, averaging around 60-70%. The dry cold air from the north reduces the moisture content in the atmosphere, making the weather conditions more pleasant and comfortable.

Wind Patterns in Supaul, India

Supaul, located in Bihar, India, experiences a seasonal shift in wind patterns influenced by the regional monsoon system. During the summer months (April-June), hot and dry winds blow from the northwest, known as the Loo winds. These winds can reach high temperatures and cause discomfort and health concerns. During the monsoon season (July-September), the prevailing wind direction changes to the southwest, bringing moisture-laden winds from the Bay of Bengal. These monsoon winds are crucial for agriculture in the region, providing necessary rainfall for crops.

Wind Speed and Direction

The wind speed in Supaul varies throughout the year. During the summer, wind speeds can range from 10 to 20 kilometers per hour, with occasional gusts exceeding 30 kilometers per hour. The monsoon season brings stronger winds, with average speeds between 15 and 25 kilometers per hour. The wind direction is generally consistent with the seasonal patterns, with northwest winds dominating during the summer and southwest winds prevailing during the monsoon. However, occasional weather disturbances can lead to temporary changes in wind direction and speed.

Pleasant Winters (October – March)

The winter season in Supaul offers a delightful respite from the scorching summer months. The weather is characterized by clear skies, pleasant sunshine, and cool nights. Temperatures typically range from 10 to 25 degrees Celsius, making it ideal for outdoor activities and sightseeing. The dry air and reduced humidity enhance the overall comfort level, contributing to a pleasant and revitalizing experience. This time of year is particularly suitable for visiting historical sites, exploring the natural beauty of the region, and engaging in cultural festivals and events.

Monsoon Season (June – September)

The monsoon season in Supaul brings heavy rainfall, transforming the landscape into a lush and vibrant tapestry. The torrential downpours are accompanied by thunder and lightning, creating a dramatic and awe-inspiring spectacle. While the rain may impede some outdoor activities, it also has its charms. The abundant greenery, vibrant flora, and swollen rivers exude a sense of rejuvenation and growth. This season is ideal for witnessing the raw power of nature, indulging in indoor activities such as reading or exploring local art and culture, and savoring the freshly harvested seasonal produce.

Solar Energy Potential in Supaul, India

Supaul, a district in the Indian state of Bihar, boasts significant solar energy potential due to its abundant sunshine throughout the year. The average solar radiation received in the region ranges from 4.5 to 5.5 kWh/m2/day, making it suitable for solar power generation. The district’s ample land availability, coupled with favorable weather conditions, provides ideal opportunities for the establishment of large-scale solar projects.

Government Initiatives and Solar Power Development

The Government of India has recognized the potential of solar energy in Supaul and has implemented several initiatives to promote its development. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has set up several solar power projects in the district, including the 100 MW Supaul Solar Park. The state government has also introduced policies and incentives to encourage investment in solar energy projects. As a result, numerous private companies have established solar power plants in Supaul, contributing to the growth of the renewable energy sector in the region.

Topography of Supaul, India

Supaul is a district in the state of Bihar, India. It is situated in the northern part of the state and is bordered by the districts of Araria, Madhepura, Saharsa, and Khagaria. The district has a total area of 2,410 square kilometers and a population of 2,229,076 (as per the 2011 census).

The topography of Supaul is characterized by a vast expanse of fertile plains. The district is situated in the Gangetic Plain, which is one of the most fertile regions in the world. The soil is alluvial and is well-suited for agriculture. The district is also crisscrossed by a number of rivers, including the Kosi, the Bagmati, and the Kamla. These rivers provide water for irrigation and transportation.

The district is also home to a number of hills and forests. The most notable hills are the Rajgir Hills, which are located in the eastern part of the district. These hills are home to a number of temples and Buddhist monasteries. The district also has a number of forests, including the Supaul Forest and the Madhepura Forest. These forests are home to a variety of wildlife, including tigers, leopards, and elephants.

Nearest Airport in Supaul, India

Supaul, a district in the state of Bihar, India, does not have an airport within its boundaries. However, there are several airports located within a reasonable distance from Supaul, providing convenient air connectivity to various cities in India and beyond.

The nearest airport to Supaul is Darbhanga Airport (DBR), located approximately 85 kilometers (53 miles) to the north. Darbhanga Airport offers regular flights to and from major cities such as Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Patna, making it a convenient gateway for both domestic and international travelers. The airport is well-connected to Supaul by road, with a journey time of around 2-3 hours.

Another nearby airport is Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport (PAT) in Patna, the capital of Bihar. Located approximately 170 kilometers (106 miles) to the west of Supaul, Patna Airport offers a wider range of flight options, including international connections. The airport has excellent road connectivity to Supaul, with a journey time of around 3-4 hours.

Demographics and Economy

Supaul, located in the state of Bihar, India, is a bustling town with a population of approximately 250,000. The primary language spoken in Supaul is Hindi, and the majority of the population practices Hinduism. The town is known for its rich agricultural heritage and is a major producer of rice, wheat, and sugarcane. Other significant industries in Supaul include jute cultivation, textiles, and handicrafts.

Education and Culture

Supaul has a well-established education system with numerous primary and secondary schools. The town is also home to several higher education institutions, including the Supaul Institute of Medical Sciences and the Supaul College of Engineering and Technology. Supaul is renowned for its cultural heritage and boasts a vibrant arts and crafts scene. The town is home to many talented artisans who specialize in traditional crafts such as terracotta pottery, bamboo weaving, and embroidery. Supaul is also known for its lively festivals and celebrations, including Dussehra and Holi, which are celebrated with great enthusiasm by the local population.