Sobral Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Brazil

Overview

Sobral, Brazil experiences a tropical savanna climate, characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons. The wet season typically runs from December to May, bringing heavy rainfall and high humidity. During this time, temperatures range from a minimum of 23°C (73°F) to a maximum of 34°C (93°F).

Dry Season

The dry season, from June to November, is marked by minimal rainfall and lower humidity. Temperatures during this period are relatively consistent, with minimums around 18°C (64°F) and maximums reaching 32°C (89°F). The dry season is a great time to visit Sobral, as the weather is more pleasant and there is less chance of rain.

Yearly Average Temperature

Sobral, Brazil, experiences pleasant temperatures throughout the year. The city’s average annual temperature is approximately 28 degrees Celsius (82 degrees Fahrenheit). This stable climate is primarily influenced by its proximity to the equator, resulting in consistent warmth with minimal seasonal variations. The highest temperatures typically occur during the summer months (December to March) and can reach up to 32 degrees Celsius (90 degrees Fahrenheit). The city enjoys a subtropical climate characterized by warm and rainy summers.

Monthly Temperature Variations

Sobral exhibits slight temperature variations throughout the year. January is the warmest month with an average temperature of 29.2 degrees Celsius (84.6 degrees Fahrenheit), while July is the coolest with an average temperature of 26.2 degrees Celsius (79.2 degrees Fahrenheit). The city experiences two distinct seasons: a rainy season (November to April) and a dry season (May to October). The rainy season brings higher humidity and occasional heavy rainfall, while the dry season is typically drier and milder. The city’s temperatures remain comfortable year-round, making it an ideal destination for tourists and locals alike.

Cloudiness in Sobral, Brazil

Sobral, Brazil, experiences a variety of cloud cover conditions throughout the year. During the wet season from January to May, cloud cover is typically abundant, with an average daily cloud cover of over 60%. This is due to the high humidity and the presence of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a low-pressure zone that brings frequent rainfall to the region. During the dry season from June to December, cloud cover decreases significantly, with an average daily cloud cover of around 30%. This is due to the reduced humidity and the southward shift of the ITCZ.

Cloud Types in Sobral, Brazil

The most common cloud type in Sobral during the wet season is cumulonimbus, which produces thunderstorms and heavy rainfall. Other common cloud types include stratus, stratocumulus, and altostratus, all of which can bring overcast skies and drizzle. During the dry season, the most common cloud type is cirrus, which are thin, wispy clouds that often appear on clear days. Other common cloud types during the dry season include cumulus and altocumulus, which are both puffy clouds that can indicate fair weather.

Precipitation Patterns

Sobral, Brazil, experiences a tropical savanna climate with distinct wet and dry seasons. The wet season stretches from October to March, while the dry season runs from April to September. Precipitation during the wet season is abundant, with an average monthly rainfall exceeding 100 millimeters. The heaviest rainfall occurs in February and March, with average monthly rainfall reaching over 200 millimeters. In contrast, precipitation during the dry season is sparse, typically below 20 millimeters per month.

Annual Variability and Extremes

Annual precipitation in Sobral varies considerably from year to year. The average annual precipitation is approximately 1,000 millimeters, but it can range from as low as 800 millimeters in dry years to over 1,200 millimeters in wet years. Extreme rainfall events, such as thunderstorms and tropical cyclones, can occasionally lead to heavy downpours that result in flooding. On the other hand, droughts can occur during extended periods of below-average rainfall, leading to water shortages and crop failures.

Rainfall Patterns

Sobral, located in northeastern Brazil, experiences a distinct seasonal rainfall pattern characterized by a wet season and a dry season. During the wet season, from January to May, the city receives substantial rainfall, with the peak occurring in February and March. The average monthly rainfall during this period ranges from 150 to 250 millimeters. In contrast, the dry season, from June to December, is marked by low precipitation. The monthly rainfall during the dry season typically ranges from 0 to 50 millimeters, with August and September being the driest months.

Inter-Annual Variability

The rainfall pattern in Sobral exhibits inter-annual variability, influenced by factors such as El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). During El Niño years, rainfall tends to decrease during the wet season, leading to drought conditions. Conversely, La Niña years are associated with increased rainfall, resulting in above-average water levels. These variations in rainfall have significant implications for the city’s water resources and agricultural production. Additionally, Sobral has experienced extreme rainfall events, such as the catastrophic floods of 2004 and 2015, which caused widespread damage and displacement.

Historical Occurrence of Snowfall in Sobral, Brazil

Sobral, a city in northeastern Brazil, is located in a region that typically experiences warm and humid tropical weather throughout the year. However, on July 25, 1918, the city experienced an extraordinary and unprecedented event: snowfall. This unusual meteorological phenomenon occurred during a severe winter storm that brought unusually cold temperatures to the region. The snowfall in Sobral was a rare and short-lived occurrence, lasting for only a few hours before melting away.

Impact and Significance of the Snowfall

The snowfall in Sobral had a significant impact on the local community. It drew widespread attention and was reported in newspapers and journals across the country. The event generated a sense of wonder and amazement among the residents, who had never witnessed snowfall before. The snowfall also had a lasting impact on the city’s folklore and cultural identity. To this day, the snowfall in Sobral is remembered as a remarkable and historical occurrence, and it continues to fascinate and captivate the imagination of the people of Sobral.

Sun Strength and Duration in Sobral, Brazil

Sobral, Brazil, experiences intense sunlight throughout the year. The city lies in a tropical climate zone, characterized by high temperatures and ample sunshine. On average, Sobral receives over 3,000 hours of sunshine annually, which equates to approximately eight hours of direct sunlight per day. The strongest solar radiation occurs during the summer months (December to February), when the sun reaches its highest point in the sky. During these months, the UV index can exceed 10, indicating a high risk of sunburn and skin damage.

Seasonal Variations in Sun Exposure

The amount of sunlight in Sobral varies slightly throughout the year. During the rainy season (January to April), cloud cover can occasionally reduce the intensity and duration of sunshine. However, even during these months, Sobral typically experiences several hours of bright sunlight each day. In contrast, during the dry season (May to December), the skies are generally clear, and the sun’s rays are at their strongest. The city enjoys consistent sunshine from morning to evening, making it an ideal destination for sun-seekers and outdoor enthusiasts.

Moon Visibility in Sobral, Brazil

Sobral, a city in the northeastern region of Brazil, experiences varying levels of moon visibility throughout the year. The moon’s appearance and visibility are influenced by the city’s geographical location, which is below the celestial equator. During the months of April to September, Sobral is typically not favored with optimal moon visibility due to the Earth’s tilt toward the sun. During this period, the moon may be lower in the sky and less visible, especially around the first quarter and third quarter phases.

In contrast, from October to March, Sobral enjoys better moon visibility as the Earth tilts away from the sun. During these months, the moon appears higher in the sky and can be seen for a more extended duration. Around the full moon phase, the moon may be visible throughout the night, providing ample opportunities for stargazing and moonlit walks. However, it’s important to note that weather conditions can still affect moon visibility, and occasional cloud cover may obstruct views.

Average Humidity Levels

Sobral, Brazil experiences consistent humidity levels throughout the year. The average relative humidity hovers around 75%, indicating a generally humid environment. Humidity levels tend to fluctuate slightly with the seasons. During the dry season (May to October), humidity levels can dip down to an average of 70%, while during the wet season (November to April), they can rise slightly to an average of 80%.

Impact on Human Comfort and Health

High humidity levels impact human comfort and health in Sobral. The excessive moisture in the air makes it difficult for the body to regulate temperature, leading to feelings of discomfort and heat exhaustion. Humidity can also exacerbate respiratory issues, such as asthma and bronchitis. Additionally, high humidity levels create favorable conditions for the growth of mold and mildew, which can contribute to health problems such as allergies and respiratory infections.

Climate and Wind Patterns

Sobral, Brazil, experiences a tropical savanna climate, characterized by a distinct wet and dry season. During the wet season, which typically spans from December to April, the prevailing winds are from the northeast, carrying moisture from the Atlantic Ocean. These winds result in abundant rainfall, contributing to the lush vegetation of the region. During the dry season, from July to October, the winds shift to the east or southeast, bringing drier and cooler air from the interior of the country.

Wind Energy Potential

Sobral has gained significant attention for its abundant wind energy potential. The region’s high average wind speeds and consistent wind patterns make it an ideal location for wind farms. The Brazilian government has identified Sobral as a priority area for wind energy development, with numerous wind farms already established and more in the planning stages. The wind energy industry has played a significant role in the economic development of Sobral and surrounding areas, creating job opportunities and attracting investment.

Ideal Timing: Year-Round Sunshine

Sobral enjoys a tropical climate, offering visitors year-round warmth and sunshine. The city’s average daily temperature hovers around 30 degrees Celsius (86 degrees Fahrenheit), providing a welcoming climate for outdoor activities and exploration. However, it’s worth noting that Sobral experiences a rainy season from December to May, during which periods of heavy rainfall can occur.

Peak Season: July to December

Although Sobral is pleasant to visit throughout the year, its peak season falls between July and December. This period offers the driest and sunniest weather, making it an ideal time for enjoying the city’s beaches, parks, and attractions. The annual Boi Manaus festival, a celebration of the local folklore, is held during July, attracting revelers and tourists from across the region.

Sobral’s Solar Energy Potential

Sobral, a city in northeastern Brazil, boasts a vast solar energy potential due to its strategic location within the “Solar Belt” region. With an average of over 300 sunny days per year and high solar radiation levels, the city has immense potential for harnessing solar energy. Studies have indicated that the city receives approximately 5.5 kWh/m2 of solar irradiation daily, making it one of the most promising areas for solar development in the country.

Solar Energy Development in Sobral

In recent years, Sobral has been at the forefront of solar energy development in Brazil. The city’s commitment to renewable energy has resulted in the establishment of several solar power plants, including the iconic Sobral I and Sobral II solar farms. These plants have a combined installed capacity of over 400 MW and generate enough electricity to power tens of thousands of homes. Additionally, several smaller-scale solar projects have been implemented, ranging from rooftop installations to community-based solar initiatives. These efforts have not only reduced Sobral’s dependence on fossil fuels but have also created employment opportunities and promoted economic development in the region.

General Topography

Sobral, Brazil, is located in the northeastern region of the country, approximately 230 kilometers inland from the Atlantic coast. The city sits at an elevation of 63 meters (207 feet) above sea level and is situated on the southern bank of the Acaraú River. The topography of Sobral is relatively flat, with gently sloping hills and plateaus surrounding the city. The landscape is characterized by a combination of savanna, cerrado, and caatinga vegetation, with scattered patches of forest and agricultural land.

Specific Features

Within the city of Sobral, several prominent topographical features can be identified. One notable feature is the “Boqueirão dos Estudantes,” which is a canyon formed by the Acaraú River. The canyon is known for its scenic beauty and is a popular destination for hiking and birdwatching. Another important feature is the “Serrote do Uruburetama,” a plateau that overlooks the city from the north. The plateau provides panoramic views of the surrounding landscape and is a popular spot for outdoor activities.

Nearest Airport in Sobral, Brazil

Sobral is a city in Ceará, Brazil, located in the north-central part of the state. The nearest airport to Sobral is Sobral Airport (IATA code: SBR), which is located approximately 8 kilometers (5 miles) from the city center. Sobral Airport is a small airport that primarily serves domestic flights within Brazil. It is operated by the Brazilian Air Force and has a single runway that is 1,200 meters (3,937 feet) in length.

Several airlines offer scheduled flights to and from Sobral Airport, including Azul Brazilian Airlines, Gol Transportes Aéreos, and LATAM Airlines Brasil. These flights connect Sobral to major cities in Brazil, such as São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Fortaleza. Passengers can also connect to international flights at these major airports. Sobral Airport is an important transportation hub for the city and the surrounding region, providing convenient access to air travel for both business and leisure travelers.

History of Sobral

Sobral, a city in northeastern Brazil, has a rich and storied history dating back to the 17th century. It was founded in 1726 as a Jesuit mission to evangelize the indigenous people of the region. Over the centuries, Sobral grew into a prosperous agricultural hub, renowned for its cotton production. In the 19th century, it became a major center for the abolitionist movement, and its role in the fight against slavery earned it the title of “City of Freedom.”

Culture and Economy

Today, Sobral is a vibrant cultural center with a diverse population and a thriving economy. It is home to several universities, museums, and theaters, as well as a lively music and art scene. The city’s economy is based primarily on agriculture, with cotton, soybeans, and fruits being the main crops. In recent years, Sobral has also experienced significant growth in the tourism sector, due to its historical landmarks, natural beauty, and proximity to the Jericoacoara National Park.