Siem Reap Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Cambodia

Rainy Season (May – October)

Siem Reap experiences a tropical monsoon climate, characterized by a wet and a dry season. The monsoon brings heavy rainfall from May to October, with the wettest months being September and October. During this period, expect high humidity levels and frequent thunderstorms, particularly in the afternoons. The average daily temperatures range from 25°C (77°F) to 32°C (90°F), making it warm and humid throughout the season. The abundant rainfall sustains the lush vegetation and rice paddies that surround the city.

Dry Season (November – April)

From November to April, Siem Reap enters the dry season, with significantly less rainfall. The weather becomes more pleasant and dry, with clear skies and lower humidity. Temperatures remain warm, averaging between 22°C (72°F) and 30°C (86°F). The cooler months of December and January offer respite from the heat and provide the most comfortable time for visiting the city and its surroundings.

Average Temperature

Siem Reap experiences a tropical wet and dry climate, characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons. The average annual temperature in Siem Reap is a warm and humid 27°C (80.6°F). The warmest months are March and April, with average temperatures reaching 29°C (84.2°F). During this time, the city often experiences high humidity and scorching afternoon temperatures. The coolest months are December and January, with average temperatures around 23°C (73.4°F). Even during these cooler months, temperatures rarely drop below 20°C (68°F) at night.

Annual Precipitation

Siem Reap receives an average of 1,400 mm of rainfall annually, most of which occurs during the wet season from May to October. During this period, torrential downpours are common, leading to occasional flooding in low-lying areas. The dry season from November to April is generally dry and sunny, with little precipitation. Humidity levels remain high throughout the year, making the climate feel warm and muggy. Visitors to Siem Reap should prepare for both hot and humid conditions, regardless of the time of year.

Cloud Formations in Siem Reap

Siem Reap’s sky is adorned with a mesmerizing array of cloud formations, each with its unique characteristics and atmospheric significance. During the monsoon season, towering cumulonimbus clouds take center stage, their anvil-shaped tops reaching into the troposphere. These colossal formations often produce heavy rainfall and can even unleash thunder and lightning upon the Angkorian landscape.

As the sun transitions to its zenith, cirrus clouds grace the horizon, their wispy and feathery appearance resembling delicate brushstrokes against the azure canvas. These high-altitude clouds are composed of ice crystals and indicate stable atmospheric conditions. At twilight, lenticular clouds often emerge, their distinctive lens-shaped forms hovering above the contours of the temples. These clouds signify the presence of strong air currents and can create a breathtaking spectacle when illuminated by the fading sunlight.

Annual Precipitation Pattern

Siem Reap experiences a tropical monsoon climate characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons. The wet season typically spans from May to October, coinciding with the arrival of the southwest monsoon. During this period, heavy rainfall is common, with average monthly precipitation exceeding 200 mm. The months of July and August are particularly wet, with average rainfall often surpassing 300 mm.

Seasonal Variations

The dry season lasts from November to April. Precipitation during this period is significantly lower, with average monthly rainfall typically below 50 mm. The months of February and March are the driest, with average rainfall often below 20 mm. However, occasional showers or isolated thunderstorms can occur during the dry season, providing some respite from the arid conditions.

Seasonal Rainfall Patterns

Siem Reap’s rainfall regime is characterized by distinct seasons. The rainy season extends from May to October, with an average monthly precipitation ranging from 100 to 250 millimeters. During this season, heavy rainfall and occasional thunderstorms are common. The wettest month is September, with an average of over 250 millimeters of rainfall.

In contrast, the dry season lasts from November to April and is marked by minimal rainfall. Monthly precipitation typically falls below 50 millimeters during this period, with January and February being the driest months. The lack of rainfall can sometimes lead to drought conditions, particularly in the later months of the dry season.

Impact on Local Life and the Tourism Industry

The seasonal rainfall patterns in Siem Reap have a significant impact on local life and the tourism industry. During the rainy season, farming and agricultural activities are at their peak, as the ample rainfall provides the necessary moisture for rice cultivation and other crops. However, the heavy rains can also cause flooding and disrupt transportation routes, particularly in rural areas.

For the tourism industry, the rainy season presents both opportunities and challenges. While some tourists may be deterred by the possibility of rain, others appreciate the lush greenery and vibrant landscapes that the wet season brings. The Angkor temples, the main tourist attraction in Siem Reap, remain accessible during the rainy season but may be less crowded than during the dry season. However, access to remote or rural areas may be limited due to road closures caused by flooding.

Unprecedented Occurrence

Snowfall in Siem Reap, Cambodia, is a highly unusual phenomenon. The city lies in a tropical climate zone near the equator, where temperatures typically range from warm to hot throughout the year. Precipitation typically occurs in the form of rain or thunderstorms, predominantly during the monsoon season.

However, a rare meteorological event in December 2016 brought snowfall to Siem Reap. A cold front from Siberia swept through Southeast Asia, dropping temperatures significantly. On December 17th, a light dusting of snow fell on the temples of Angkor Archaeological Park, marking the first recorded snowfall in the region. The event garnered widespread attention and was widely shared on social media. Although the snowfall was short-lived, it created a picturesque winter wonderland, surprising both locals and tourists alike.

Sunrise over Angkor Wat

Witnessing the sunrise over Angkor Wat is a must-do experience in Siem Reap. As the first rays of dawn break, the iconic temple complex transforms into a breathtaking spectacle. The silhouette of Angkor Wat’s spires emerges from the surrounding moat, casting a golden glow on the tranquil waters. The sky erupts in hues of amber, orange, and pink, creating a vibrant tapestry that illuminates the ancient ruins. As the sun rises higher, the intricate details of Angkor Wat’s bas-reliefs and carvings come alive, revealing the stories and legends etched into its walls. The early morning serenity and the ethereal beauty of the sunrise make this experience truly unforgettable.

Exploring the Floating Villages on Tonle Sap Lake

Take a boat trip to the floating villages on Tonle Sap Lake, the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia. Immerse yourself in the unique lifestyle of the local communities who live on the water. The villages are a maze of houses, temples, schools, and markets built on stilts, swaying gently with the rhythm of the lake. Explore the bustling markets, where vendors sell fresh produce, handmade crafts, and traditional Khmer dishes. Visit local temples and schools, and interact with the friendly villagers who share their stories and way of life. The floating villages are a testament to the resilience and adaptability of the Cambodian people and provide an authentic glimpse into their culture and traditions.

Observing the Moon in Siem Reap

Siem Reap, nestled in the heart of Cambodia, presents an enchanting opportunity to observe the moon. Far from urban light pollution, the skies offer a pristine canvas for celestial wonders. As night blankets the ancient temples, the moon emerges as a radiant beacon, casting an ethereal glow upon the landscape. The clear skies, devoid of haze, allow for exceptional visibility, making Siem Reap an astronomer’s paradise.

Lunar Phases and Cultural Significance

Throughout the month, the moon transforms through its various phases, each holding cultural and spiritual significance in Cambodian tradition. The new moon, known as “Amavasi,” symbolizes beginnings and is considered auspicious for meditation and spiritual practices. The full moon, “Purnima,” is a time for celebration and festivals, with its bright illumination believed to bring blessings and prosperity. Locals gather at temples and shrines, offering prayers and sharing stories under the celestial glow. The moon’s phases have long been entwined with Cambodian beliefs and practices, adding to the enchantment of observing it in Siem Reap.

Seasonal Humidity Patterns

Siem Reap experiences distinct humidity variations throughout the year. During the dry season (November to April), humidity levels are generally lower, averaging around 50-60%. This period is characterized by cooler temperatures and less precipitation, resulting in a more comfortable and less humid atmosphere. In contrast, the wet season (May to October) brings significantly higher humidity levels, often exceeding 80%. The combination of high temperatures and frequent rainfall during this season creates a humid and oppressive environment.

Impact on Health and Comfort

High humidity levels can have significant effects on human health and comfort. Prolonged exposure to humid conditions can lead to dehydration, heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and even heatstroke in extreme cases. Moreover, humidity can aggravate respiratory conditions such as asthma and bronchitis. For tourists and travelers, it is advisable to take precautions during the wet season by staying hydrated, wearing loose-fitting clothing, and seeking shelter from the sun. Locals have adapted to the humid climate by adjusting their daily routines, including avoiding outdoor activities during peak humidity hours.

Seasonal Wind Patterns

Siem Reap is characterized by pronounced seasonal variations in wind patterns. During the wet season, from May to October, the southwest monsoon brings warm and humid winds from the Gulf of Thailand. These winds often reach moderate speeds, particularly during the afternoon and evening, and can occasionally develop into thunderstorms and heavy rainfall. The monsoon winds contribute to the tropical climate of Siem Reap and provide much-needed respite from the dry season.

Dry Season Winds

In contrast to the wet season, the dry season, from November to April, experiences northeasterly winds that originate from China. These winds are typically dry and cool, bringing with them a significant drop in temperature and humidity. Wind speeds during the dry season are generally lower than in the wet season, often reaching a gentle breeze. The arrival of the dry season winds marks the beginning of the peak tourist season for Siem Reap, as visitors flock to the region to explore the iconic Angkor Wat complex and other historical sites in more comfortable weather conditions.

Optimal Season: Dry Season (November to April)

The dry season offers the most favorable conditions for exploring Siem Reap. The skies are clear and blue, with minimal precipitation. The absence of rain enhances the visibility of the temples, providing breathtaking views as you wander through the ancient ruins. Additionally, the cooler temperatures and lower humidity make exploring the temples and surrounding areas more comfortable. Visitors can enjoy pleasant temperatures between 25°C and 35°C, perfect for spending extended periods outdoors.

Shoulder Seasons: Wet Season (May to October)

While the wet season brings intermittent showers, it can also provide opportunities for unique experiences. The lush greenery and blooming vegetation create a vibrant and picturesque setting. While some temples may be partially inaccessible due to flooding, the crowds are typically smaller during this period. Visitors who embrace the occasional rain can capture stunning photographs and witness the temples in a different light. The wet season also offers opportunities for boat tours on Tonle Sap lake, providing a glimpse into the local culture and the floating villages.

Solar Energy Potential and Resources

Siem Reap, renowned for its ancient temples, boasts remarkable solar energy potential. Cambodia, as a tropical country, experiences abundant sunshine throughout the year. Siem Reap receives an average of 5.5 kWh/m2/day of solar irradiance, making it suitable for solar energy generation. Moreover, the province has a large land area with minimal cloud cover, providing ample space for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. As a result, Siem Reap holds the potential to become a significant hub for solar energy in Cambodia.

Solar Energy Initiatives and Development

Efforts are underway to capitalize on Siem Reap’s solar energy potential. The Cambodian government has set an ambitious target of achieving 100% renewable energy by 2050, with a focus on solar PV. Several solar power plants have already been established in the province, demonstrating the viability of solar energy. Additionally, local communities are embracing solar energy through initiatives such as rooftop PV installations and solar street lighting. These efforts not only contribute to Cambodia’s renewable energy goals but also address the need for clean and affordable energy in rural areas.

Geography and Relief Features

The topography of Siem Reap, Cambodia, is characterized by a relatively flat landscape dominated by the Tonle Sap Lake, the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia. The province is situated in the northern part of the country, bordered by Thailand to the west and Laos to the northeast. The Tonle Sap Lake forms the centerpiece of the region, with the surrounding areas composed of a mix of fertile plains, floodplains, and rolling hills. The highest point in the province is Phnom Kulen, a mountain located about 50 kilometers north of Siem Reap town.

Lowlands and Floodplains

The lowlands of Siem Reap are located along the western and northern shores of the Tonle Sap Lake. These areas are characterized by flat, fertile plains that are heavily cultivated for rice production. During the rainy season, the floodplains become inundated with water from the lake, creating a vast expanse of wetlands that support a rich diversity of wildlife. The floodplains also provide important fishing grounds and grazing areas for livestock.

Uplands and Hills

The uplands of Siem Reap are found in the eastern and southern parts of the province. These areas are composed of gently rolling hills and plateaus, with elevations ranging from 100 to 300 meters above sea level. The hills are covered with dense forests, which provide a habitat for a variety of wildlife, including birds, monkeys, and reptiles. The uplands also contain several important historical and cultural sites, such as the temples of Angkor Wat and the ruins of Banteay Srei.

Siem Reap International Airport (REP)

Siem Reap International Airport (REP) is the gateway to Siem Reap, Cambodia, and the famed Angkor Wat archaeological complex. Located approximately 7 kilometers (4 miles) northwest of the city center, REP serves as the primary airport for both domestic and international flights. The airport features a single runway and a modern terminal with a capacity to handle over 2 million passengers annually.

REP is well-connected to major cities in Southeast Asia, including Bangkok, Singapore, Kuala Lumpur, and Hanoi. It also offers direct flights to Hong Kong, Seoul, and Taipei. Several airlines operate at REP, including Cambodia Angkor Air, Asiana Airlines, Bangkok Airways, and Thai Airways International. The airport provides various amenities and services, including currency exchange, ATMs, restaurants, duty-free shops, and baggage claim facilities.

Ancient Temples

Siem Reap is renowned for its proximity to the magnificent Angkor Archaeological Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Angkor Wat, the park’s central masterpiece, is an architectural marvel constructed in the 12th century dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu. Its towering spires, intricate reliefs, and sprawling moat create an unforgettable sight. Other remarkable temples within the park include Angkor Thom, the former royal city, with its immense Bayon Temple featuring hundreds of smiling faces, and Ta Prohm, an overgrown sanctuary where ancient trees embrace the crumbling walls.

Cultural Heritage

Beyond its ancient temples, Siem Reap offers a rich tapestry of cultural experiences. Visitors can immerse themselves in traditional Khmer daily life at the Angkor Village, where they witness handicrafts, cooking demonstrations, and traditional dances. The Cambodian Cultural Village showcases the diverse ethnic groups of Cambodia, presenting their unique customs, music, and architecture. Exploring the bustling city center, tourists will discover traditional markets, colorful temples, and vibrant nightlife venues, offering a glimpse into the vibrant modern culture of Cambodia.