Sharurah Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Saudi Arabia

Year-Round Climate

Sharurah, located in Saudi Arabia’s southern region, experiences a desert climate characterized by extreme heat, low humidity, and scant rainfall. The average annual temperature ranges from a scorching 50 degrees Celsius (122 degrees Fahrenheit) in the summer months to a moderately warm 20 degrees Celsius (68 degrees Fahrenheit) during winter. The city receives an average of just 25 millimeters (one inch) of precipitation annually, primarily during the winter and spring seasons.

Seasonal Weather Patterns

Summer in Sharurah is a relentlessly hot season that lasts from May to September. Temperatures routinely exceed 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit), with daily highs often reaching the mid-50s. The oppressive heat is accompanied by low humidity levels, which can exacerbate feelings of discomfort. Rainfall is rare during summer, with most days remaining dry and cloudless.

Winter in the city is a milder period that extends from November to March. Temperatures average around 20 degrees Celsius (68 degrees Fahrenheit) during the day, dropping to cooler nights in the low teens. Rainfall becomes slightly more common in winter, although it remains infrequent. The weather is typically clear and sunny, with pleasant conditions for outdoor activities.

Summer Temperatures

Sharurah’s summer months, encompassing June through September, witness scorching temperatures that soar to extreme highs. Average daily temperatures during this period hover around an astonishing 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit). However, it is not uncommon for temperatures to exceed 50 degrees Celsius (122 degrees Fahrenheit), rendering outdoor activities nearly impossible during the daytime. The sweltering heat coupled with the relentless sun can make even the simplest tasks arduous, and prolonged exposure can lead to heat-related illnesses.

Winter Temperatures

In stark contrast to its scorching summers, Sharurah experiences relatively mild winters. From December to February, average temperatures hover between 15 and 20 degrees Celsius (59 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit). While nights can be chilly, with temperatures dipping to around 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit), daytime temperatures provide a welcome respite from the summer’s oppressive heat. The cooler temperatures allow for outdoor activities and make it possible to explore the surrounding desert landscape in comfort.

Cloud Types in Sharurah

The skies above Sharurah, Saudi Arabia, are adorned with a diverse array of cloud formations. During the summer months, towering cumulonimbus clouds dominate the horizon, often accompanied by dramatic thunderstorms. These clouds are characterized by their towering anvil tops, which can reach heights of up to 60,000 feet. Their bottoms often descend low, creating a threatening and imposing presence.

In contrast, the winter skies are typically graced by stratus clouds. These low-lying clouds often form a continuous layer, obscuring the sun and casting a gray pall over the landscape. They bring with them a sense of stillness and tranquility, as they slowly drift across the sky like a celestial blanket.

Cloud Formation Mechanisms

The formation of clouds in Sharurah is influenced by several factors, including the region’s arid climate and its proximity to the Red Sea. The low humidity levels in the air limit the formation of rain clouds, while the warm temperatures promote evaporation. As a result, clouds are often ephemeral, appearing and disappearing quickly.

The Red Sea plays a significant role in cloud formation through its influence on wind patterns. When winds from the southeast cross the warm waters of the sea, they pick up moisture. This moisture is then transported inland, where it condenses to form clouds. The interaction between the warm land and the cooler sea breeze can also create localized cloud formations.

Annual Precipitation Patterns

Sharurah, Saudi Arabia, experiences an extremely dry climate with scant precipitation throughout the year. The total average annual rainfall is a meager 25 to 30 millimeters (1 to 1.2 inches). Precipitation is predominantly observed during the winter months from November to March. During this period, sporadic rainfall events occur, associated with passing Mediterranean cyclones or eastward-moving weather systems originating over the Red Sea. However, these rainfall events are typically brief and light, providing little relief from the overall aridity.

Temporal Distribution of Rainfall

The distribution of rainfall in Sharurah is highly irregular and can vary significantly from year to year. Prolonged droughts are common, with extended periods of no measurable precipitation. Conversely, there can be occasional years with slightly higher rainfall, typically associated with enhanced tropical moisture incursions from the Indian Ocean. These variations in precipitation can impact local water resources, agriculture, and ecosystem dynamics. Additionally, the timing and intensity of rainfall events can be unpredictable, sometimes leading to flash floods or erosion during heavy downpours.

Annual Rainfall

Sharurah, located in the Rub’ al Khali desert of Saudi Arabia, experiences an extremely arid climate with minimal precipitation. Annual rainfall is typically below 20 millimeters (0.8 inches), making it one of the driest places on Earth. The lack of rainfall is attributed to the city’s geographical location under the rain shadow of the Yemeni Highlands and the prevailing dry northerly winds. As a result, Sharurah experiences extended periods of drought, with very little to no rain for months at a time.

Seasonal Variation

The distribution of rainfall over the year is also highly variable. Most precipitation occurs during the winter months (November-April), brought by occasional fronts that penetrate the region. However, the intensity and duration of these rainfall events can be highly unpredictable. Summer months (May-October) are almost completely dry, with virtually no rain recorded. The unpredictability of rainfall poses significant challenges for agriculture and water management in the area, as farming heavily relies on artificially irrigated water sources.

Historical Snowfall in Sharurah

Sharurah, a city in southeastern Saudi Arabia, has experienced rare snowfall events throughout its history. The most notable occurred in January 2016, when the city was blanketed in up to 10 centimeters of snow. This snowfall was particularly significant as it marked the first time in over 30 years that Sharurah had seen measurable snow accumulation. The last major snowfall event in the region occurred in 1983, when snow fell in nearby regions but not directly in Sharurah.

Causes of the Snowfall

The snowfall in Sharurah is primarily attributed to a combination of cold temperatures and moisture originating from the Mediterranean Sea. During the winter months, cold air masses from the north meet warm, moist air from the Mediterranean, causing precipitation to fall in the form of rain or snow. The snowfall in Sharurah is also influenced by the city’s geographical location. Sharurah lies in a valley surrounded by mountains, which can trap cold air and create conditions favorable for snow formation. Additionally, the presence of sand and dust in the atmosphere can act as condensation nuclei, facilitating the formation of snowflakes.

Sunrise and Sunset Times in Sharurah

Sharurah, located in the southern region of Saudi Arabia, experiences significant variations in sunrise and sunset times throughout the year due to its proximity to the Tropic of Cancer. During the summer months (May to October), the sun rises as early as 5:00 AM and sets as late as 6:45 PM, resulting in extended daylight hours. In contrast, during the winter months (November to April), sunrise occurs around 7:00 AM, and sunset takes place earlier at around 5:30 PM, leading to shorter days.

Temperature and Precipitation

Sharurah is characterized by a hot desert climate with extremely high temperatures throughout the year. During the summer, average daytime temperatures soar to approximately 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit), while nighttime temperatures can drop to a stifling 30 degrees Celsius (86 degrees Fahrenheit). Conversely, winter temperatures are more moderate, with average highs reaching 25 degrees Celsius (77 degrees Fahrenheit) and lows around 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit). Precipitation is scarce in Sharurah, with occasional rainfall occurring during the winter months.

Moon Visibility

The visibility of the moon in Sharurah, Saudi Arabia, depends on various factors, including the lunar phase, weather conditions, and atmospheric clarity. During the new moon phase, when the moon is not illuminated by the sun, it is typically not visible from Earth. As the moon progresses through its phases, it gradually becomes more visible, reaching its peak visibility during the full moon phase when the entire moon is illuminated. The clarity of the atmosphere also plays a crucial role, with clear skies allowing for better visibility of the moon compared to cloudy or hazy conditions.

Moon Phases and Visibility

The lunar cycle, which lasts approximately 29.5 days, consists of four main phases: new moon, waxing crescent, full moon, and waning crescent. During the new moon phase, the moon is not visible as it is located between the Earth and the sun. As the moon moves around the Earth, it gradually becomes visible as a waxing crescent, with the illuminated portion increasing in size over the following few days. The full moon phase occurs when the entire moon is illuminated, and it is the most visible phase from Earth. After the full moon, the illuminated portion of the moon begins to decrease, resulting in the waning crescent phase.

Humidity in Sharurah, Saudi Arabia

Humidity levels in Sharurah, Saudi Arabia, are influenced by its desert climate, characterized by extreme temperature variations and low precipitation. The city experiences an arid and hot climate with little rainfall throughout the year.

During the daytime, humidity levels in Sharurah are typically low, ranging between 20-30%. The hot, dry air creates a dry atmosphere, with minimal moisture in the environment. However, as the sun sets and temperatures cool down, humidity levels can rise, particularly during the early morning hours. Nighttime humidity levels in Sharurah often reach 50-60%, creating a humid and uncomfortable environment.

Wind Patterns in Sharurah, Saudi Arabia

Sharurah, a city located in the south-central region of Saudi Arabia, experiences distinct seasonal wind patterns. During the summer months, from May to September, prevailing winds blow from the northwest, bringing hot and dry air from the surrounding desert regions. These winds often reach speeds of 20-30 kilometers per hour (12-19 miles per hour) and contribute to the arid and scorching conditions commonly observed during this time of year.

In contrast, winter in Sharurah brings a shift in wind direction. From October to April, northeasterly winds become dominant, carrying cooler and often humid air from the Persian Gulf region. These winds usually range from 15-25 kilometers per hour (9-16 miles per hour) and bring a welcome respite from the summer heat. Occasionally, Sharurah may also experience dust storms, particularly during the spring and fall, when strong winds pick up sand and dust from the surrounding desert plains. These storms can reduce visibility and affect outdoor activities.

Best Time to Visit Sharurah for Pleasant Weather

Sharurah, located in the south of Saudi Arabia, experiences a dry desert climate with extreme temperature variations throughout the year. The best time to visit Sharurah for pleasant weather is during the shoulder months of March-April and September-November. During these months, the average temperatures range between 15-28 degrees Celsius (59-82 degrees Fahrenheit) during the day, with cool nights dropping to around 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit). These months offer a respite from the scorching summer heat and the chilly winter cold, making it ideal for outdoor activities and exploration.

Best Time to Visit Sharurah for Sightseeing and Activities

If your primary interest is in sightseeing and exploring the cultural and historical attractions of Sharurah, the ideal time to visit is during the winter months from December to February. Although temperatures may drop to around 5 degrees Celsius (41 degrees Fahrenheit) at night, the daytime temperatures remain pleasant, ranging from 10-20 degrees Celsius (50-68 degrees Fahrenheit). These cooler temperatures allow for comfortable exploration of the city’s landmarks, including the Old Town, Sharurah Museum, and the Al Dariah Fort. Additionally, the winter season coincides with various cultural events and festivals, offering a deeper immersion into the local customs and traditions.

Solar Potential in Sharurah

Sharurah, a city located in the southern region of Saudi Arabia, boasts exceptional solar resources due to its strategic geographic position within the Arabian Desert. The city experiences a high number of clear days throughout the year, resulting in abundant direct sunlight. This natural advantage makes Sharurah an ideal location for harnessing solar energy. The average solar irradiance in the region ranges between 6 and 7 kWh/m2/day, providing ample potential for solar power generation.

Solar Energy Projects in Sharurah

Recognizing the city’s solar potential, Saudi Arabia has implemented several significant solar energy projects in Sharurah. One such project is the Sharurah Solar Power Plant, which has a capacity of 150 megawatts (MW) and generates enough electricity to power approximately 50,000 homes. Another notable project is the Al Yamamah Solar Power Plant, with a capacity of 200 MW, which helps meet the growing energy demand in the region. These projects have significantly increased the share of renewable energy in Sharurah’s power generation portfolio and contribute to the country’s goal of achieving sustainable energy development.

Topography of Sharurah, Saudi Arabia

Sharurah is a city located in the southern region of Saudi Arabia, within the vast Rub’ al Khali desert. The topography of the area surrounding Sharurah is characterized by its flat and arid landscape, with vast stretches of sand dunes that dominate the region. The Rub’ al Khali, also known as the Empty Quarter, is one of the largest sand deserts in the world, covering a significant portion of the southern Arabian Peninsula. The dunes in Sharurah are primarily composed of reddish-orange sand and vary in size, forming a complex and shifting landscape.

Despite its barren and desolate nature, the topography of Sharurah also includes occasional low-lying wadis. These wadis are dry riverbeds that are formed by rainfall runoff during the infrequent rainy seasons. The presence of wadis indicates the occasional flow of water in the area, which supports a diverse ecosystem. The wadis are often vegetated with drought-resistant plants and bushes, providing a source of sustenance for wildlife in the otherwise arid region.

Nearest Airport in Sharurah

The closest airport to Sharurah, Saudi Arabia, is Sharurah Airport (SHU), which is situated approximately 7 kilometers (4.3 miles) to the southwest of the city center. This airport caters mainly to domestic flights within Saudi Arabia and is served by several airlines, including Saudia, Flynas, and Nesma Airlines. Passengers can fly to various destinations within the country, including Riyadh, Jeddah, Damam, and Medina.

Sharurah Airport is a relatively small airport with limited infrastructure and facilities. It has a single runway and a small terminal building that houses check-in counters, security screening areas, and a few shops and restaurants. The airport also provides basic passenger services such as luggage storage, currency exchange, and car rental. However, travelers should be aware that the airport can sometimes experience delays and cancellations, especially during peak seasons or due to weather conditions.

History and Significance

Sharurah, an ancient city located in the remote southeastern corner of Saudi Arabia, holds significant historical and cultural importance. It was once a major caravan stop along the incense trade route, connecting the Arabian Peninsula to the Mediterranean region. Sharurah played a crucial role in the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures between different civilizations. The city’s strategic location also made it a military stronghold, with evidence of ancient fortifications still visible today.

Natural Wonders

Sharurah is surrounded by a breathtaking desert landscape that offers a variety of natural wonders. The Empty Quarter, one of the largest sand deserts in the world, stretches out to the south. Visitors can explore towering sand dunes, witness spectacular sunrises and sunsets, and experience the tranquility of the vast desert. The Wadi Sharurah, a scenic valley, runs through the city and provides a lush oasis with palm trees, vegetation, and seasonal water sources. The region is also home to the Al-Khuraibah Crater, a large impact crater that offers insights into the geological history of the area.