Satkhira Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Bangladesh

Temperature and Precipitation

Satkhira experiences a tropical monsoon climate, characterized by hot and humid summers and mild, dry winters. In the hottest months (April and May), average temperatures reach around 32°C (90°F), while in the coldest months (December and January), they average around 20°C (68°F). Precipitation is abundant throughout the year, with an average of 1,949 mm (76.7 in) falling annually. The monsoon season lasts from June to September and accounts for the majority of the year’s rainfall.

Humidity and Wind

Satkhira has high humidity levels throughout the year, making it feel even hotter than the actual temperature. Average relative humidity ranges from 75% to 90%. Winds are generally light to moderate, with prevailing winds blowing from the south and southeast. During the monsoon season, cyclones and storms are common, bringing heavy rain and strong winds. In the winter, northeasterly winds bring cooler and drier air to the region.

Average Temperature

Satkhira, a district in southwestern Bangladesh, experiences a tropical monsoon climate, characterized by high temperatures and abundant rainfall throughout the year. The average annual temperature in Satkhira is around 27°C (81°F), with little variation throughout the year. The warmest months are April and May, with average temperatures reaching up to 30°C (86°F). The coldest month is January, with average temperatures dropping to around 20°C (68°F).

Seasonal Variations

Satkhira’s temperature is influenced by the monsoon winds. During the southwest monsoon season, from June to October, the district experiences heavy rainfall and high humidity, resulting in slightly lower temperatures than in the dry season. During the dry season, from November to April, temperatures rise as there is less rainfall and humidity. The daily temperature range is generally small throughout the year, with temperatures typically ranging from 15°C to 35°C (59°F to 95°F).

Cirrus Clouds in Satkhira

Cirrus clouds are thin, wispy clouds that are composed of ice crystals. They are the highest clouds in the sky and are often seen on clear days. Cirrus clouds are formed when water vapor in the atmosphere freezes into ice crystals. They are usually white or gray in color and have a feathery or wispy appearance. Cirrus clouds are often associated with fair weather, but they can also indicate that a storm is approaching.

Cumulus Clouds in Satkhira

Cumulus clouds are puffy clouds that look like cotton balls. They are formed when warm, moist air rises and cools. Cumulus clouds are usually white or gray in color and have a rounded or cauliflower-like appearance. Cumulus clouds are often associated with fair weather, but they can also grow into larger clouds that produce rain or thunderstorms.

Stratus Clouds in Satkhira

Stratus clouds are flat, gray clouds that cover the entire sky. They are formed when a layer of warm air is trapped beneath a layer of cold air. Stratus clouds often produce drizzle or light rain. They are often associated with overcast or gloomy weather.

Rainfall Patterns

Satkhira, situated in southwestern Bangladesh, experiences a tropical monsoon climate with distinct rainfall patterns. The region receives an annual average of around 2,000 mm of rainfall, primarily concentrated during the southwest monsoon season from June to September. During this period, intense downpours and thunderstorms are frequent, contributing to nearly 80% of the total annual rainfall. The inter-monsoon months of October and November also witness significant rainfall, while the pre-monsoon and winter months are comparatively drier.

Impact on Agriculture and Water Resources

The abundant rainfall in Satkhira plays a crucial role in the region’s agricultural productivity. The region is renowned for its rice cultivation, and the dependable rainfall during the monsoon season ensures sufficient water supply for paddy fields. However, excessive rainfall and flooding can sometimes damage crops and disrupt agricultural activities. The region’s water resources also benefit from the heavy rainfall, replenishing rivers, canals, and groundwater aquifers. Waterlogging and drainage issues can arise during periods of prolonged rainfall, highlighting the need for effective water management strategies.

Rainfall Patterns

Satkhira, a district in southwestern Bangladesh, experiences significant rainfall throughout the year, influenced by its proximity to the Bay of Bengal. The district experiences two distinct seasons: the wet season from May to October and the dry season from November to April. During the wet season, heavy monsoons bring abundant rainfall, with an average annual precipitation ranging from 1,900 to 2,300 millimeters. The highest rainfall occurs during the months of July and August, when the monsoon winds bring moist air from the Bay of Bengal.

Impacts on Agriculture and Water Resources

The abundant rainfall in Satkhira plays a crucial role in the local economy and agriculture. Paddy, the staple crop of Bangladesh, is extensively cultivated in the district, and the wet season rainfall provides ample water for irrigation. However, excessive rainfall during the monsoons can lead to flooding in low-lying areas, damaging crops and infrastructure. The heavy rainfall also contributes to the recharge of groundwater aquifers and other water bodies in the district, ensuring a steady supply of water for domestic and agricultural use.

History of Snowfall in Satkhira

Snowfall remains an elusive phenomenon in Satkhira, a district located in southwestern Bangladesh. Throughout recorded history, the region has never experienced snowfall, making it a geographical anomaly within the country. The absence of snowfall can be primarily attributed to Satkhira’s tropical climate, characterized by high humidity and average temperatures ranging from 20°C to 30°C. Moreover, its proximity to the Bay of Bengal and the influence of warm ocean currents further contribute to the lack of snow formation.

Factors Impeding Snowfall Formation

Several meteorological factors play a role in preventing snowfall from occurring in Satkhira. Firstly, the region experiences minimal precipitation during the winter months, inhibiting the accumulation of sufficient moisture for snow formation. Secondly, the air temperatures are generally too warm for snowflakes to sustain and reach the ground. Snowflakes, composed primarily of ice crystals, require temperatures below freezing to maintain their structure. Finally, the absence of strong prevailing winds in Satkhira limits the transport of cold air masses capable of triggering snowfall. These factors collectively hinder the formation and accumulation of snow in the region.

Sun’s Position in Satkhira, Bangladesh

Satkhira, a coastal district in southwestern Bangladesh, experiences significant variations in the position of the sun throughout the year due to its geographical location near the Tropic of Cancer. During the summer solstice in June, the sun reaches its highest point in the sky, directly overhead at noon. At this time, the days are longest and the nights are shortest.

In contrast, during the winter solstice in December, the sun is at its lowest point in the sky, appearing closer to the horizon at noon. This results in the shortest days and longest nights of the year. The duration of daylight gradually increases from the winter solstice to the summer solstice and decreases again thereafter. This cycle of seasonal changes affects the daily routines, agricultural practices, and overall lifestyle of the people of Satkhira.

The Majestic Moon in Satkhira

The moon, an ethereal celestial body, casts an enchanting glow upon the land of Satkhira in Bangladesh. As dusk descends, the sky transforms into a canvas adorned with hues of orange and purple, providing a backdrop for the moon’s majestic appearance. Its silvery-white light illuminates the vast expanse of the Sundarbans, casting intricate shadows upon the intricate network of waterways and lush vegetation. The tranquil waters reflect the moon’s radiance, creating a shimmering pathway that seems to beckon stargazers to embark on an otherworldly journey.

Cultural Significance and Mythology

The moon holds deep cultural significance in Satkhira, where it features prominently in local folklore and mythology. The Hindu festival of Lakshmi Puja, celebrated during the autumn harvest, honors the goddess Lakshmi, who is often depicted as residing in the moon. During this festival, people illuminate their homes with rows of earthen lamps to welcome the goddess and seek her blessings for prosperity and good fortune. The moon also plays a role in agricultural practices, with farmers relying on its cycles to determine the best time for planting and harvesting crops.

Seasonal Variations in Humidity

Satkhira experiences significant seasonal variations in humidity. During the monsoon season (June to October), the average relative humidity can reach up to 90% or higher. This high humidity is due to the influx of warm, moist air from the Bay of Bengal. During this period, the air is often thick and muggy, making it uncomfortable for outdoor activities.

Diurnal Variations in Humidity

In addition to the seasonal variations, humidity in Satkhira also varies significantly on a diurnal basis. The lowest humidity levels typically occur in the late afternoon or early evening, when the sun is at its highest point in the sky and the air is warmest. During this time, the relative humidity can drop to around 50-60%. Conversely, the highest humidity levels usually occur in the early morning hours, when the air is coolest. At this time, the relative humidity can exceed 90%.

Wind Patterns and Characteristics

Satkhira, located in the southern region of Bangladesh, experiences a tropical monsoon climate, characterized by distinct wind patterns. During the summer months, from March to May, the dominant wind direction is from the southwest, bringing warm and humid air from the Bay of Bengal. These winds, known as the southwest monsoon, contribute to the formation of thunderstorms and heavy rainfall in the region. During the winter months, from November to February, the wind direction shifts to the northeast, bringing cooler and drier air from the subcontinent.

Impacts of Wind on Local Environment and Economy

The strong winds in Satkhira play a significant role in shaping the local environment and economy. The monsoon winds bring abundant rainfall, which supports agriculture and replenishes water resources. However, the same winds can also cause coastal erosion and damage infrastructure, particularly in coastal areas like the Sundarbans mangrove forest. During the summer months, the high winds can lead to dust storms and visibility issues, affecting transportation and air quality. The variability of wind patterns also influences crop yields and fishing activities, as winds affect water currents and plankton distribution. Understanding and predicting wind patterns are crucial for mitigating the potential risks associated with weather-related events and ensuring sustainable development in Satkhira.

Time to Visit Satkhira: Optimal Seasons and Weather Conditions

Satkhira, a coastal district in southwestern Bangladesh, experiences distinct seasons that significantly impact the ideal time to visit. The best time to explore Satkhira is during the dry season, which spans from October to March. During this period, the weather is pleasant with moderate temperatures and low humidity. Clear skies and sporadic showers provide ample opportunities for outdoor activities and sightseeing.

Winter (November-January): Ideal for Nature Exploration and Cultural Immersions

November to January constitutes the winter season in Satkhira, characterized by cool and dry conditions. This period is ideal for nature enthusiasts, as the vibrant Sundarbans mangrove forest, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is at its prime. The cooler temperatures make it comfortable for exploring the dense forest trails and observing the diverse wildlife. Additionally, the winter months align with several cultural festivals, providing visitors with the opportunity to immerse themselves in local traditions and customs.

Potential for Solar Energy in Satkhira, Bangladesh

Satkhira, a southwestern district of Bangladesh, holds significant potential for solar energy development. With an average of 4.5-5.5 kWh/m2/day of solar radiation, Satkhira has one of the highest solar insolation rates in the country. The district’s extensive agricultural lands, open spaces, and low population density create ample opportunities for large-scale solar projects. Additionally, the government’s supportive policies and incentives for renewable energy encourage investment and development in solar energy.

Solar Energy Projects and Initiatives

To harness the potential of solar energy, the government of Bangladesh and private investors have implemented numerous projects and initiatives in Satkhira. The Payra 300 MW Solar Power Plant, the largest solar power plant in Bangladesh, is located in the district. Furthermore, the Bangladesh Infrastructure Development Fund (IDCOL) has provided loans to support rooftop solar installations in Satkhira, contributing to decentralized power generation and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. The district’s rural electrification efforts also incorporate solar energy solutions, bringing reliable electricity to remote areas.

Landforms

Satkhira is situated in the southern part of Bangladesh and is characterized by a flat topography with little elevation change. The land rises gently from the coastline towards the north. The Sundarbans, the largest mangrove forest in the world, is located in the southwestern part of the district. The forest is home to a wide variety of flora and fauna and plays a crucial role in protecting the coastline from erosion and storm surges. Apart from the Sundarbans, the district also has a number of rivers, including the mighty Ganges and the Brahmaputra, which form the Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta. These rivers are important for irrigation, transportation, and fishing.

Land Use

The topography of Satkhira has a significant impact on land use practices in the district. The flat terrain and fertile soil make it suitable for agriculture, and a majority of the population is engaged in farming. The main crops grown in Satkhira include rice, wheat, jute, and sugarcane. The district is also home to a number of shrimp farms, which contribute to the local economy. In addition to agriculture, tourism is another important economic activity in Satkhira, particularly in the Sundarbans. The forest attracts a large number of tourists who come to see its unique flora and fauna and to experience the local culture.

Jessore Airport (JSR)

The nearest airport to Satkhira is Jessore Airport (JSR), located approximately 50 kilometers (31 miles) to the west of the city center. The airport serves domestic flights to major cities within Bangladesh, including Dhaka, the capital, and Chittagong, the country’s main port city.

Jessore Airport is relatively small and does not offer direct international flights. However, it provides convenient connections to other international airports in Bangladesh, such as Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport (DAC) in Dhaka and Shah Amanat International Airport (CGP) in Chittagong. Travelers can connect to international flights from these airports to destinations around the world.

Travel Options to Satkhira

To travel from Jessore Airport to Satkhira, several options are available. The most convenient and comfortable option is to hire a taxi or ride-sharing service. The journey by road takes approximately 1-1.5 hours, depending on traffic conditions.

Another option is to take a bus from Jessore to Satkhira. The bus journey takes slightly longer, around 2-3 hours, but it is a more economical option. Buses are available from the Jessore Bus Terminal, located near the airport.

History and Culture

Satkhira, nestled in the southwestern region of Bangladesh, boasts a rich history and vibrant culture. The district’s name is derived from the Bengali phrase “Sat Kheera,” which means seven estuaries, referring to the seven distributaries of the Ganges River that flow through the area. Satkhira’s history dates back to the 13th century, when Bengal was ruled by the Muslim sultanates. The region served as a strategic trade route between India and Burma, leading to the development of settlements and towns along the riverbanks. Today, Satkhira is known for its traditional handicrafts, including pottery, weaving, and embroidery. The district’s cultural heritage is celebrated through various festivals and events, such as the annual Hilsa Festival, which honors the region’s famous hilsa fish.

Tourism and Economic Activities

Satkhira offers a diverse range of tourist attractions, including historical sites, natural wonders, and religious landmarks. The Sundarbans, the world’s largest mangrove forest, lies adjacent to the district and provides ample opportunities for wildlife viewing, birdwatching, and fishing expeditions. The area is also home to several archeological ruins, such as the Bagerhat Mosque, a UNESCO World Heritage Site showcasing the architectural legacy of the Bengal Sultanate. Satkhira’s economy is largely agriculture-based, with rice, jute, and sugarcane being the primary crops. The district is also a major producer of fish, particularly the hilsa, which is renowned for its delicate flavor. In recent years, Satkhira has experienced significant growth in its tourism and hospitality sectors, attracting domestic and international visitors alike.