San Miguel del Padron Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Cuba

Climate Summary

San Miguel del Padrón enjoys a tropical savanna climate, featuring warm temperatures year-round. The average temperature in the warmest month, August, is 28°C (82°F), while the coolest month, January, averages 22°C (72°F). The humidity is generally high, with an average of 75%. Rainfall is abundant throughout the year, with an average of 1,200 mm (47 inches) annually. The wet season typically extends from May to October, with occasional hurricanes and tropical storms during this period.

Seasonal Weather

Spring (March-April): Spring temperatures are warm, with an average high of 27°C (81°F) and a low of 18°C (64°F). The humidity remains relatively high, around 70%, and rainfall is moderate.

Summer (May-October): Summer is the hottest and most humid season, with average temperatures reaching 30°C (86°F) or higher. The humidity often exceeds 80%, and rainfall is frequent and heavy. Tropical storms or hurricanes can occur during this period.

Winter (November-February): Winter temperatures are mild, with an average high of 25°C (77°F) and a low of 16°C (61°F). The humidity drops slightly, and rainfall is less frequent.

Average Temperature by Month

San Miguel del Padrón, Cuba experiences tropical weather with consistent temperatures throughout the year. The average temperature hovers around 25 degrees Celsius (77 degrees Fahrenheit), with little variation from month to month. The warmest months are July and August, when temperatures reach an average of 29 degrees Celsius (84 degrees Fahrenheit). The coolest months are January and February, with average temperatures of 21 degrees Celsius (70 degrees Fahrenheit). However, it is important to note that temperatures can fluctuate slightly, especially during the summer months.

Temperature Diurnal Cycle

The diurnal temperature cycle refers to the daily pattern of temperature changes. In San Miguel del Padrón, the average daily temperature range is relatively narrow, typically between 15 degrees Celsius (59 degrees Fahrenheit) at night and 25 degrees Celsius (77 degrees Fahrenheit) during the day. As a result, nights can be cool, while days tend to be warm and humid. The temperature typically starts to rise after sunrise, peaking in the early afternoon, and gradually decreasing towards sunset. This diurnal cycle provides a comfortable climate for outdoor activities throughout the year.

Cloud Cover in San Miguel del Padrón

San Miguel del Padrón, a municipality within Havana, Cuba, experiences a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and high humidity throughout the year. The annual average temperature ranges between 22 and 28 degrees Celsius (72 and 82 degrees Fahrenheit). The city is influenced by the trade winds that blow from the northeast, bringing moisture and cloud cover.

Cloud cover in San Miguel del Padrón varies seasonally. During the wet season, which spans from May to October, the city experiences frequent cloud cover and rainfall. The clouds are typically low-level cumulus clouds, which can sometimes develop into more significant convective clouds. These clouds are associated with showers and thunderstorms, particularly during the afternoon and evening hours. During the dry season, from November to April, cloud cover is generally less prevalent, and the skies are often clear or partly cloudy.

Annual Precipitation Patterns

San Miguel del Padron, Cuba experiences a tropical monsoon climate with distinct dry and wet seasons. Annual precipitation averages around 1,200 mm (47.2 inches), falling primarily during the wet season from May to October. During these months, the warm, humid air from the Atlantic Ocean brings frequent rainfall, leading to heavy downpours and occasionally tropical storms or hurricanes. In contrast, the dry season from November to April is characterized by less frequent and lighter precipitation, with monthly averages typically below 50 mm (2 inches).

Seasonal Variability and Extreme Events

The months of June, July, and August witness the highest rainfall in San Miguel del Padron, with average monthly precipitation exceeding 200 mm (8 inches). September and October also receive significant rainfall, albeit slightly less than during the peak wet season. The dry season months of December, January, February, and March collectively account for less than a fifth of the annual total precipitation. Extreme rainfall events, such as tropical cyclones and thunderstorms, can occur throughout the year, but they are more frequent and intense during the wet season. These events can bring torrential rainfall and flooding, posing a significant risk to infrastructure and communities.

Climate and Rainfall Patterns

San Miguel del Padron experiences a tropical wet and dry climate, characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons. The wet season typically runs from May to October, with an average monthly rainfall of over 100 mm. During this period, the city is prone to heavy downpours and thunderstorms. The dry season, from November to April, is relatively drier, with average monthly rainfall below 100 mm. However, occasional rainfall is possible during this season.

Annual Rainfall and Variability

On average, San Miguel del Padron receives around 1,200 mm of rainfall annually. However, there can be significant year-to-year variability in rainfall amounts. The wettest months are June, July, and September, while January and February are the driest. Droughts, which are periods of prolonged low rainfall, can occur occasionally. Extreme rainfall events, such as tropical storms or hurricanes, are also a potential threat during the wet season.

Historical Event

Snowfall in San Miguel del Padrón, Cuba is an extremely rare meteorological event. The only recorded snowfall in the municipality occurred on March 12, 1957, during a severe cold front that swept through the island. Temperatures plummeted to a record-breaking low of 27°F (-3°C), and snow fell for approximately 30 minutes, accumulating to a depth of about 1 inch (2.5 cm). The snowfall caused widespread disruption and astonishment among the local population, as it had never been previously recorded in the area.

Impact on Local and National Climate Records

The snowfall in San Miguel del Padrón remains a significant event in Cuban climate history. It marked the first and only time that snow has been officially recorded at such a low latitude in the Caribbean region. The extreme temperature drop associated with the snowfall is also notable, as it was the coldest temperature ever recorded in Cuba. The event has been extensively studied by meteorologists and climate scientists, providing valuable insights into the variability of the Caribbean climate and the potential impacts of extreme weather events in the region.

Sunrise and Sunset Patterns

The sun in San Miguel del Padron, Cuba follows a consistent pattern throughout the year. The sunrise and sunset times vary slightly depending on the season, with longer days during the summer months and shorter days during the winter months. On average, the sun rises between 6:00 and 7:00 AM and sets between 6:00 and 7:00 PM. The most extreme sunrise time is around 6:30 AM during the summer solstice in June, and the latest sunset time is close to 7:00 PM during the winter solstice in December. These relatively consistent sunrise and sunset times make it easy to plan outdoor activities and excursions accordingly.

Seasonal Light Variations

The intensity and duration of sunshine in San Miguel del Padron also vary seasonally. During the summer months (June to August), the days are longer and the sun is more intense, providing ample daylight for outdoor activities. The average daily sunshine duration during summer is around 9-10 hours. In contrast, during the winter months (December to February), the days are shorter and the sun is less intense, resulting in shorter periods of sunshine. The average daily sunshine duration during winter is around 6-7 hours. These seasonal variations in light intensity and duration can influence the daily routines and activities of local residents and visitors.

Moonrise and Moonset Times

The moon in San Miguel del Padron, Cuba, rises and sets at varying times throughout the month, depending on the phase of the moon. The moonrise and moonset times are affected by the earth’s rotation, the moon’s orbit around the earth, and the tilt of the earth’s axis. On average, the moon rises and sets approximately 50 minutes later each day. The full moon rises around sunset and sets around sunrise, while the new moon rises and sets during the day.

Phases of the Moon

The moon goes through different phases as it orbits the earth. The phases of the moon are determined by the angle at which sunlight reflects off the moon’s surface. The main phases of the moon are: new moon, waxing crescent moon, first quarter moon, waxing gibbous moon, full moon, waning gibbous moon, third quarter moon, and waning crescent moon. The new moon is when the moon is not visible from earth, as it is between the earth and the sun. The full moon is when the moon is fully illuminated and is visible all night long.

Humidity in San Miguel del Padron, Cuba

San Miguel del Padron, Cuba has a tropical climate characterized by high humidity levels throughout the year. The average annual relative humidity is approximately 78%, with only slight variations between the wet and dry seasons. During the wet season (May to October), humidity levels can reach as high as 90%, contributing to the oppressive heat and discomfort. The dry season (November to April) brings slightly lower humidity levels, typically ranging from 70% to 80%. However, even during this period, humidity can be noticeable, especially during the morning and evening hours.

The high humidity levels in San Miguel del Padron are influenced by the city’s geographical location. Situated on the coast, the city is subject to the moisture-laden winds from the Caribbean Sea. Additionally, the surrounding vegetation and bodies of water contribute to the high humidity. The combination of high temperature and humidity can create an uncomfortable and even hazardous environment, particularly for those with respiratory conditions. It is important for residents and visitors to stay hydrated and take precautions against heat-related illnesses during periods of extreme humidity.

Wind Patterns

San Miguel del Padron, Cuba experiences a tropical savanna climate characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons. The wind patterns in the region are primarily influenced by the trade winds, which are easterly winds that blow from the Atlantic Ocean towards the Caribbean Sea. These winds are strongest during the dry season (November to April) and weaken during the wet season (May to October) due to the increased convective activity.

Seasonal Variability

During the dry season, the trade winds are persistent and blow from the northeast, bringing drier air to San Miguel del Padron. The wind speeds can reach up to 15 knots (28 kilometers per hour) during the daytime and decrease at night. In contrast, the wet season is characterized by weaker and more variable winds. The direction of the winds often shifts to the southeast or southwest, bringing moisture from the Caribbean Sea. The wind speeds are generally lower during this season, averaging around 10 knots (19 kilometers per hour).

Ideal Season for Sun and Cultural Immersion

The ideal time to visit San Miguel del Padrón, Cuba, is during the dry season, which runs from November to April. During this period, the weather is pleasant with average temperatures ranging from the mid-70s to mid-80s Fahrenheit. The humidity levels are also lower, making it more comfortable to explore the city’s outdoor attractions. Furthermore, the streets are less crowded, allowing for a more relaxed and immersive cultural experience.

Avoid Hurricane Season and Heat

It is best to avoid San Miguel del Padrón during the hurricane season, which lasts from June to November. During this time, the city is prone to heavy rainfall and tropical storms. Additionally, avoid visiting during the hottest months of May and October, when temperatures can rise above 90 degrees Fahrenheit, making it uncomfortable to explore the city’s outdoor attractions.

Availability and Potential:

San Miguel del Padrón, Cuba, enjoys an abundance of solar radiation due to its location within the Caribbean’s tropical belt. The municipality experiences an average of 2,800 sunshine hours annually, providing ample opportunity for solar energy generation. The relatively flat terrain and lack of significant obstacles further enhance the potential for photovoltaic (PV) systems.

Current Status of Solar Energy Development:

Despite the promising solar conditions, solar energy utilization in San Miguel del Padrón is still in its early stages. The municipality is home to a handful of small-scale residential and commercial PV systems, but they contribute a negligible amount to the overall energy consumption. The lack of a comprehensive solar energy policy and inadequate financial incentives have hindered the widespread adoption of solar technology.

General Topography

San Miguel del Padrón, a municipality in the Havana Province of Cuba, encompasses a diverse range of topographical features. The northern portion of the municipality is dominated by a gentle plain, characterized by rolling hills and valleys. This area is known for its fertile soils, making it a prime location for agricultural activities. As you move southward, the terrain becomes more undulating, with the presence of several isolated hills, including Loma del Mazo and Loma de los Buenos Aires. These hills provide scenic backdrops and add a touch of ruggedness to the otherwise flat landscape.

Hydrology

Water bodies play a significant role in the topography of San Miguel del Padrón. The most notable feature is the Río Almendares, which meanders through the southern part of the municipality. The river’s banks are lined with lush vegetation, creating a picturesque setting. In the northern plain, numerous small streams and irrigation canals crisscross the landscape, providing water for crops and supporting the local agricultural industry. Additionally, several natural and man-made reservoirs can be found in the municipality, providing recreational opportunities and serving as important water sources for the local population.

José Martí International Airport (HAV)

José Martí International Airport (HAV), also known as Havana Airport, is the nearest airport to San Miguel del Padrón, Cuba. Located approximately 14 kilometers or 8.7 miles southwest of the municipality, the airport serves as the primary gateway for international flights to and from Cuba. HAV is a busy airport with multiple terminals handling both domestic and international flights, connecting San Miguel del Padrón to destinations worldwide.

Other Nearby Airports

While HAV is the closest airport to San Miguel del Padrón, there are a few other airports within a reasonable distance. Juan Gualberto Gómez Airport (VRA) in Varadero is approximately 130 kilometers or 80 miles east of San Miguel del Padrón, while Jaime González Airport (CYO) in Cienfuegos is roughly 250 kilometers or 155 miles southeast. However, these airports primarily serve domestic flights and may not offer as many international connections as HAV.

History and Culture

San Miguel del Padrón, a municipality in Cuba’s Havana Province, has a rich history dating back to pre-Columbian times. The area was originally inhabited by Native American tribes before Spanish colonizers established a sugar plantation in the 16th century. The town of San Miguel del Padrón was founded in 1750 and played a significant role in Cuba’s struggle for independence. The municipality is known for its vibrant Afro-Cuban culture, boasting several religious and cultural institutions, including the Santería shrine of El Calvario and the Sociedad Cultural Congo Real.

Economy and Infrastructure

San Miguel del Padrón’s economy is primarily based on industrial activities, particularly in the sectors of food processing, construction, and metalworking. The municipality is home to several factories and warehouses, providing employment opportunities for the local population. The transportation network in San Miguel del Padrón is well-developed, with multiple bus lines connecting the municipality to other parts of Havana and the rest of the country. The area also has access to medical facilities, schools, and recreational areas, including the José Martí Children’s Hospital and the Zoológico Nacional de Cuba (Cuban National Zoo).