Samsun Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Turkey

Summer (June – August)

Summer in Samsun is characterized by warm and humid weather, with average temperatures ranging from 22°C to 28°C. The city experiences high humidity levels, making the heat feel more oppressive. July is typically the hottest month, with average temperatures reaching up to 29°C. Thunderstorms and heavy rain are common during this season, providing relief from the heat. During the summer months, visitors can enjoy outdoor activities such as swimming in the Black Sea or exploring the city’s parks and beaches.

Winter (December – February)

Winters in Samsun are cold and wet, with average temperatures ranging from 5°C to 12°C. The city experiences frequent rainfall and snowfall, and temperatures can drop below freezing at night. January is typically the coldest month, with average temperatures reaching down to 4°C. Strong winds are common during this season, making it unpleasant to be outdoors for extended periods. However, the winter months can be a good time to visit Samsun for its snow-covered landscapes and festive atmosphere.

Summer Temperatures

Samsun experiences a humid subtropical climate with hot and humid summers. The average temperature in summer ranges from 25°C (77°F) during the day to 17°C (63°F) at night. The hottest month is August, with average temperatures of 27°C (81°F) during the day and 19°C (66°F) at night. During this season, the city receives an abundance of sunshine, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities and enjoying the beautiful beaches along the Black Sea coast.

Winter Temperatures

Samsun’s winters are relatively mild compared to other cities in Turkey. The average temperature in winter ranges from 10°C (50°F) during the day to 2°C (36°F) at night. The coldest month is January, with average temperatures of 8°C (46°F) during the day and 1°C (34°F) at night. While snowfall does occur occasionally, it rarely accumulates significantly. During winter, Samsun experiences a mix of sunny and cloudy days, with occasional periods of rain or snow.

Types of Clouds in Samsun, Turkey

Samsun, Turkey experiences a variety of cloud types throughout the year. During the spring and summer, the prevalent cloud type is cumulus, characterized by its puffy, cotton-like appearance. These clouds typically form at low altitudes and indicate fair weather. However, cumulus clouds can sometimes develop into towering cumulonimbus clouds, which can bring thunderstorms, heavy rain, and even hail. In the winter, stratus clouds are common in Samsun. Stratus clouds are low, flat, and gray, and they often cover the entire sky, obscuring the sun. They can produce drizzle or light rain.

Impact of Clouds on Samsun’s Climate

The different types of clouds have a significant impact on Samsun’s climate. Cumulus clouds reflect sunlight, which can help keep the city cool in the summer. However, cumulonimbus clouds can bring heavy rain and thunderstorms, which can cause flooding and damage to infrastructure. Stratus clouds can block sunlight, which can make the city feel colder in the winter. They can also lead to fog, which can reduce visibility and disrupt transportation. Additionally, clouds can influence precipitation patterns, with different cloud types contributing to different amounts of rainfall or snowfall.

Monthly Precipitation Patterns

Samsun, located on Turkey’s northern coast, experiences a humid subtropical climate. Precipitation is generally spread throughout the year, with the wettest period occurring from October to January. During these months, the city receives an average of 120-150 mm of rain per month. Summers are relatively dry, with July and August seeing an average of less than 60 mm of precipitation.

Seasonal Variations

The spring and autumn months bring moderate precipitation, typically ranging from 70 to 100 mm per month. March and April tend to be slightly wetter than the other spring months, while September and October often receive more rainfall than May and June. The winter months, particularly December and January, are characterized by frequent and heavy rainfall, contributing significantly to the city’s annual precipitation total.

Rainfall Patterns

Samsun, a city on Turkey’s Black Sea coast, experiences abundant rainfall throughout the year. Annual precipitation averages around 850 mm, distributed relatively evenly across the seasons. Winters are wet and cold, with frequent rain showers. Summers, while generally warm and sunny, still witness occasional downpours, particularly in July and August. The wettest month is typically November, while the driest is August.

Rainfall Variability

Rainfall in Samsun exhibits significant variability from year to year, influenced by global weather patterns and local topography. Some years witness exceptionally heavy precipitation, while others experience prolonged droughts. The city is occasionally affected by tropical cyclones that can bring torrential rainfall and severe flooding. The mountainous terrain surrounding Samsun also plays a role in rainfall distribution, with higher elevations receiving more precipitation than lower areas.

Impact of Snowfall on Samsun

Samsun, a Turkish city on the Black Sea coast, experienced significant snowfall during the winter. The heavy snowfall caused widespread disruption and left many roads impassable. Schools and businesses were closed, and transportation services were severely delayed. The accumulation of snow also led to power outages in some areas, affecting thousands of homes and businesses. The snowfall also posed challenges for emergency services, as they struggled to reach stranded motorists and provide assistance to those affected by the storm.

Snow Removal and Recovery Efforts

Municipal authorities in Samsun worked tirelessly to clear the roads and streets of snow and ice. Snowplows and salt trucks were deployed to ensure that major thoroughfares were accessible. However, secondary roads and residential streets remained covered in snow, making travel difficult for days after the storm. Residents were advised to stay indoors and avoid driving unless necessary. The snowfall also led to an increase in accidents on the roads, as drivers struggled to navigate the slippery conditions.

Climate in Samsun, Turkey

Samsun, located on the northern coast of Turkey, experiences a humid subtropical climate characterized by warm, humid summers and mild, rainy winters. The city has a significant amount of annual precipitation, averaging around 700 millimeters. Summers in Samsun can be quite warm, with average temperatures ranging from 20 to 28 degrees Celsius (68 to 82 degrees Fahrenheit). The warmest months are July and August. Winters are relatively mild, with average temperatures hovering around 5 to 10 degrees Celsius (41 to 50 degrees Fahrenheit). The coldest months are January and February.

Optimal Time to Visit Samsun

The optimal time to visit Samsun is during the spring or autumn months, when the weather is mild and pleasant. During this time, visitors can enjoy outdoor activities such as swimming, hiking, and cycling. The summer months can be very hot and humid, while the winter months can be quite cold and rainy. Travelers should pack accordingly for the season they are visiting in.

Appearance and Visibility:

The moon’s appearance and visibility in Samsun, Turkey, vary throughout the month according to its phase. During the new moon, the moon is not visible as it lies between the Earth and the sun. As the moon progresses through its waxing phases, it becomes increasingly visible in the western sky after sunset. The full moon appears as a complete circle and is at its highest point in the sky at midnight. During the waning phases, the moon gradually disappears from the eastern sky before sunrise.

Lunar Effects and Local Traditions:

The moon’s phases are believed to influence various aspects of life in Samsun. Some locals believe that planting crops during a full moon promotes growth, while fishing is more successful during a new moon. Cultural traditions and festivals also revolve around lunar events; for instance, the “Kandil” celebrations mark the Islamic holy nights associated with the full moon. Additionally, the moon’s illumination affects nocturnal activities such as stargazing and wildlife observation, providing opportunities for locals and tourists alike to appreciate the celestial beauty of Samsun’s night sky.

Seasonal Variations
Samsun experiences distinct seasonal variations in humidity levels. Summer months (June-August) are typically the most humid, with relative humidity often exceeding 80%. The high humidity during this time is attributed to the warm and moist air from the Black Sea. As the summer progresses, the humidity tends to decrease slightly, reaching around 70-75% in September.

Winter Humidity
In contrast, winters (December-February) in Samsun are characterized by lower humidity levels. The cold temperatures cause the air to hold less moisture, resulting in relative humidity values typically ranging between 50-60%. However, occasional precipitation and foggy conditions can lead to temporary spikes in humidity during these months.

Spring (March-May):

Spring emerges as the ideal season to explore Samsun, Turkey, offering a rejuvenated city adorned with blossoming flowers and a vibrant ambiance. The balmy temperatures, averaging around 15°C (59°F), create a pleasant atmosphere for leisurely strolls through historical sites, lush parks, and the captivating waterfront promenade. Embrace the beauty of nature by embarking on nature trails along the scenic coast, immersing yourself in the serenity of the Black Sea region.

Summer (June-August):

As temperatures soar during summer, Samsun transforms into a sun-soaked haven, with highs reaching 29°C (84°F). Bask in the golden rays on the pristine beaches, indulging in various water sports such as swimming, jet skiing, and windsurfing. The lively city center hosts vibrant festivals and cultural events, showcasing the rich heritage of the region. Take advantage of the extended daylight hours to explore the bustling markets and savor delicious local cuisine at traditional restaurants.

Solar Energy Potential in Samsun, Turkey

Samsun, a city on the Black Sea coast of Turkey, has significant potential for solar energy development. The region receives an average of 1,700 sunshine hours per year, providing ample solar resources. Additionally, the generally flat and open landscape of Samsun offers suitable areas for large-scale solar projects. The government has recognized the potential and established several incentives to promote solar energy adoption, including tax exemptions, feed-in tariffs, and renewable portfolio standards.

Current and Future Developments

Samsun has already made notable progress in solar energy development. Several utility-scale solar projects are operational within the province, contributing to the city’s renewable energy mix. These projects have demonstrated the technical and economic feasibility of solar energy in the region. Additionally, numerous residential and commercial properties have installed rooftop solar systems, reducing their reliance on conventional energy sources. The city aims to continue expanding its solar capacity and is exploring innovative technologies such as floating solar arrays to maximize solar energy utilization.

Coastal Topography

Samsun’s coastline is predominantly characterized by extensive sandy beaches and coastal plains that stretch along the Black Sea coast. These beaches are popular tourist destinations and offer opportunities for swimming, sunbathing, and various water sports. The coastal plains are relatively flat and serve as a vital agricultural hub for the region. Several river mouths and deltas are located along the coast, forming estuaries and providing important habitats for wildlife.

Inland Topography

Moving inland, Samsun’s topography becomes more diverse, transitioning from coastal plains to rolling hills and plateaus. The Yeşilırmak River basin dominates the inland landscape, with the river meandering through valleys and creating fertile alluvial plains. The river’s tributaries form a network of streams and rivers that contribute to the region’s agricultural productivity. In the southern part of Samsun, the Pontic Mountains rise gradually, providing a backdrop to the coastal plains and rolling hills. The mountains offer scenic vistas and are home to lush forests and alpine meadows.

Nearest Airport in Samsun, Turkey

The nearest airport to Samsun, Turkey is Carsamba Airport (SZF), located approximately 24 kilometers (15 miles) northwest of the city center. The airport serves both domestic and international flights, with direct connections to major cities such as Istanbul, Ankara, and Izmir. Passengers can catch a taxi or rent a car from the airport to reach Samsun city center in around 30-45 minutes, depending on traffic conditions. Additionally, shuttle bus services are available for convenient transportation to and from the airport.

Samsun Carsamba Airport (SZF)

Samsun Carsamba Airport (SZF) is a modern and well-equipped airport that offers a range of amenities to passengers. The airport features two terminals, with Terminal 1 serving domestic flights and Terminal 2 catering to international flights. Amenities include duty-free shops, restaurants, cafes, currency exchange services, and free Wi-Fi. The airport also has a designated prayer room and a children’s play area for added convenience. With its convenient location and range of amenities, Samsun Carsamba Airport serves as a vital gateway to the Black Sea region of Turkey and provides easy access to Samsun city.

History and Culture

Samsun is a city located on the Black Sea coast in northern Turkey, known for its vibrant history and rich cultural heritage. It was founded by the Greeks in the 1st century BC as Amisos, and later became an important port city within the Roman and Byzantine empires. In 1919, Samsun witnessed a pivotal event in Turkish history: the arrival of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who landed there on his return from exile to lead the Turkish War of Independence. Samsun’s historical significance is commemorated in the Samsun 19 May Museum, which showcases artifacts and documents related to this era.

Modern City and Economy

Today, Samsun is a thriving modern city with a population of over 1.3 million. It is a major industrial and commercial hub in the Black Sea region, with industries such as tobacco, textiles, and food processing contributing significantly to its economy. Samsun is also a popular tourist destination, known for its pristine beaches, lively nightlife, and numerous cultural attractions. The city is home to several museums, including the Samsun Archaeological Museum, which exhibits a vast collection of artifacts from the region’s ancient civilizations, and the New Mosque, a stunning architectural landmark with its distinctive green dome and minarets. Samsun’s strategic location and modern infrastructure make it an important gateway to the Black Sea region, with a thriving port and international airport connecting it to major cities around the world.