Qardho Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Somalia

Temperature and Precipitation

Qardho experiences a hot and arid climate throughout the year. The average temperature remains consistently high, ranging from 25°C to 29°C (77°F to 84°F). Rainfall is sparse and irregular, with an annual average of around 50 mm (2 inches). The wettest months are April and May, while the driest is January.

Seasons

Qardho has distinct seasons despite the lack of significant temperature variation. The summer months (April to June) are hot and humid, with occasional rainfall. The monsoon season (July to October) brings slightly cooler temperatures and increased rainfall, but conditions remain hot and dry overall. The winter months (November to March) are the driest and most pleasant, with clear skies and comfortable temperatures. However, cold spells are not uncommon during this time, with temperatures dropping as low as 15°C (59°F) at night.

Average Temperature in Qardho, Somalia

Qardho, a coastal town in Somalia, experiences a tropical desert climate characterized by high temperatures and little rainfall. The average annual temperature in Qardho is around 28.9°C (84°F). Due to its proximity to the equator, the temperature remains relatively constant throughout the year, with minimal seasonal variation.

During the hottest months from May to October, the average temperature ranges from 31.1°C (88°F) to 33.9°C (93°F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Qardho was 46.1°C (115°F) in May 2012. The night-time temperatures during these months are also high, typically around 27.8°C (82°F) to 29.4°C (85°F). Conversely, the cooler months from November to April experience average temperatures ranging from 24.4°C (76°F) to 27.8°C (82°F). The lowest temperature ever measured in Qardho was 16.7°C (62°F) in December 1994. Humidity levels in Qardho are generally low, averaging around 60-70% throughout the year.

Cloud Patterns and Formations

Qardho, Somalia often experiences various cloud patterns and formations. Cumulus clouds, characterized by their puffy, cotton-like appearance, are common during the dry season. These clouds typically bring minimal rainfall or none at all. Cirrus clouds, with their thin, wispy structure, are frequently observed at high altitudes. They are composed of ice crystals and generally do not produce precipitation. During the rainy seasons, towering cumulonimbus clouds may form, bringing thunderstorms accompanied by heavy rainfall, lightning, and sometimes hail.

Seasonal Variation in Cloud Cover

The cloud cover over Qardho exhibits seasonal variations. During the northeast monsoon season (October to April), the area experiences relatively low cloud cover. The prevailing winds at this time of year restrain cloud formation, resulting in clear skies or sporadic cloud patches. However, as the southwest monsoon season approaches (May to September), the cloud cover increases significantly. Moisture-laden winds from the Indian Ocean converge over the region, leading to increased cloudiness and frequent rainfall. These conditions typically persist during the rainy seasons, which are crucial for agricultural activities and replenishing water resources.

Seasonal Precipitation Patterns

Qardho experiences a bimodal rainfall pattern, with two distinct rainy seasons. The primary rainy season, known as Gu, extends from April to June and accounts for approximately 75% of the annual precipitation. This season is characterized by heavy rainfall and is crucial for agricultural activities. The secondary rainy season, called Deyr, occurs from October to December and contributes to about 25% of the annual rainfall. During the dry season, which spans from January to March and July to September, precipitation is scarce and sporadic.

Variability and Climate Change

Precipitation in Qardho exhibits high interannual variability, influenced by factors such as El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events and other climate oscillations. During El Niño years, rainfall tends to be below average, leading to drought conditions. Conversely, La Niña events typically result in above-average rainfall. Climate change is also impacting precipitation patterns in Qardho, with a projected increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events and a decrease in the duration of dry spells. These changes pose significant challenges for water resource management and agricultural productivity in the region.

Precipitation Patterns

Qardho, located in the northeastern region of Somalia, experiences a semi-arid climate characterized by low annual rainfall and high temperatures. The region’s precipitation is highly variable, with sporadic rainfall occurring throughout the year. However, two distinct rainy seasons emerge during the year. The primary rainy season, known as the Gu rains, typically extends from April to June and accounts for approximately 60% of the annual rainfall. During this period, moisture-laden clouds from the Indian Ocean bring significant precipitation to the region, resulting in lush vegetation and increased water availability.

The secondary rainy season, known as the Deyr rains, occurs from October to December and contributes approximately 30% of the annual rainfall. This rainy season is less intense and shorter in duration compared to the Gu rains, and precipitation tends to be more localized and sporadic. Despite its lower rainfall intensity, the Deyr rains play a crucial role in replenishing water sources and supporting vegetation growth during the dry season.

Rainfall Variability and Trends

The rainfall patterns in Qardho exhibit significant variability from year to year. The amount and distribution of rainfall can fluctuate considerably, leading to droughts or floods during extreme events. Long-term rainfall records show that the region has experienced periods of both above-average and below-average rainfall. In recent decades, there has been a general trend towards decreasing rainfall in Qardho, which has contributed to increased water scarcity and environmental challenges. This variability and the observed decline in rainfall raise concerns about the long-term sustainability of water resources in the region and necessitate adaptive measures to mitigate the impacts of climate change.

Unusual Snowfall Event

Snowfall is not a common occurrence in Somalia, a country situated near the equator and characterized by a tropical climate. However, in December 2022, the town of Qardho in northern Somalia experienced a rare snowfall. The snow was reported to have fallen during the early morning hours, covering the ground in a thin layer. This unusual weather phenomenon caused surprise and excitement among the local residents, who rarely witness such an event.

Possible Causes and Climate Implications

The specific cause of the snowfall in Qardho is not fully understood. However, it is believed to be related to a combination of factors, including changes in atmospheric circulation and moisture levels. Some experts suggest that the unusually cold temperatures and heavy rainfall observed in the region in the preceding days may have contributed to the formation of snow. The snowfall in Somalia highlights the potential impacts of climate change on the region. Rising global temperatures are altering weather patterns, leading to more extreme and unpredictable weather events in various parts of the world.

Sunrise and Sunset Times in Qardho

In Qardho, Somalia, the sun rises and sets at different times throughout the year, as it does in all locations on Earth. The exact times of sunrise and sunset vary depending on the day of the year and the latitude of the location. During the summer months, the days are longer, and the sun rises and sets later. In contrast, during the winter months, the days are shorter, and the sun rises and sets earlier.

Duration of Daylight in Qardho

The duration of daylight in Qardho also varies throughout the year. In the summer months, the days are longer, with more hours of sunlight. In contrast, during the winter months, the days are shorter, with fewer hours of sunlight. The longest day of the year in Qardho is around June 21st, when the sun rises at approximately 6:00 AM and sets at approximately 6:30 PM, providing about 12.5 hours of daylight. The shortest day of the year in Qardho is around December 21st, when the sun rises at approximately 6:45 AM and sets at approximately 6:15 PM, providing about 11.5 hours of daylight.

Current Moon Phase in Qardho, Somalia

The current Moon phase in Qardho, Somalia is a Waxing Crescent. This phase began on February 26, 2023 at 12:22 PM local time and will end on March 4, 2023 at 12:39 PM. The Moon is currently 10% illuminated and waxing, meaning it is gradually increasing in size and brightness.

Moonrise and Moonset Times in Qardho, Somalia

The Moon will rise in Qardho, Somalia today, March 1, 2023, at 6:25 PM local time. It will reach its highest point in the sky, known as culmination, at 12:45 AM on March 2, 2023. The Moon will then set at 7:05 AM on March 2, 2023. The Moon’s altitude at culmination will be 77 degrees above the horizon.

Seasonal Humidity Variations

Qardho, Somalia, experiences significant humidity variations throughout the year. During the drier months, from June to September, humidity levels are generally low, averaging around 50-60%. However, as the monsoon season approaches, humidity begins to rise rapidly. From October to December, it reaches its peak, with average humidity levels exceeding 80%. This high humidity is primarily due to the influx of moisture-laden winds from the Indian Ocean. The oppressive humidity during this period can make outdoor activities uncomfortable and exacerbate respiratory issues.

Impact on Daily Life

The humidity in Qardho has a noticeable impact on daily life for the local population. During the humid months, residents often seek relief from the heat and humidity by staying indoors or taking advantage of air-conditioning. High humidity can also lead to increased sweating and dehydration, particularly for those engaged in physical activities. Additionally, the moisture in the air can create a breeding ground for mold and other allergens, which can exacerbate respiratory and skin conditions. It is essential for individuals to stay hydrated, wear loose-fitting clothing, and take precautions to protect themselves from the adverse effects of high humidity.

Wind Patterns in Qardho

Qardho, a city in Somalia, experiences a highly variable wind regime throughout the year. The prevailing wind direction is northeasterly during most months, influenced by the Indian Ocean monsoon system. Strong northeastern winds known as the Kusi season occur from November to April, bringing dry and dusty conditions. Conversely, the milder Khareef season, with southwesterly winds, brings moisture and occasional rainfall from May to October.

Impact of Wind on Qardho’s Climate

The wind patterns in Qardho significantly influence the city’s climate. The strong northeasterly winds during the Kusi season contribute to the dry and arid conditions, with average humidity levels below 50%. The lack of precipitation during this period creates a harsh and challenging environment for both humans and wildlife. In contrast, the southwesterly winds of the Khareef season bring increased moisture, leading to higher humidity and the potential for rainfall. These seasonal wind patterns play a crucial role in shaping the overall climate and ecology of Qardho.

Ideal Season: Dry Season (November-March)

The dry season in Qardho, Somalia offers the most favorable conditions for outdoor activities and exploration. During this period, the rainfall is minimal, providing clear skies and ample sunshine. The average temperatures hover around 28-32 degrees Celsius (82-90 degrees Fahrenheit), creating a warm and comfortable climate for sightseeing, trekking, and water sports. This season coincides with the peak tourist season, allowing visitors to enjoy the full range of attractions and activities Qardho has to offer.

Shoulder Seasons: April-May and October

The shoulder seasons in Qardho offer a compromise between the optimal conditions of the dry season and the lower tourist crowds. While temperatures remain relatively high, occasional showers may occur. April and May often bring light rains, while October can experience more significant rainfall. These seasons present opportunities for travelers who prefer a quieter atmosphere and a chance to witness the transition of the seasons. The availability of accommodations and activities may be slightly limited compared to the peak season, but it offers a more budget-friendly alternative.

Solar Energy Potential

Qardho, located in the Puntland region of Somalia, boasts exceptional solar energy potential. The region experiences high levels of solar radiation throughout the year, making it an ideal location for photovoltaic (PV) installations. The average daily solar radiation in Qardho is estimated to be over 6 kWh/m², which is significantly higher than many other regions in the world. This abundant solar resource presents a tremendous opportunity for Qardho to harness renewable energy and transition towards a sustainable energy future.

Economic Benefits of Solar Energy

The development of solar energy in Qardho can bring numerous economic benefits to the region. By utilizing solar energy, Qardho can reduce its dependence on imported fossil fuels, which are costly and contribute to environmental pollution. The adoption of solar PV systems can significantly lower energy costs for households, businesses, and public institutions. Additionally, the investment in solar energy can create new jobs in the renewable energy sector, stimulating economic growth and promoting sustainable development. By embracing solar energy, Qardho can unlock its economic potential and improve the livelihoods of its people.

Topography of Qardho, Somalia

Qardho, the capital city of Karkaar Region in northeastern Somalia, lies in a coastal lowland on the shores of the Gulf of Aden. The city is situated on a narrow strip of land between the Gulf and the foothills of the Karkaar Mountains. The terrain is characterized by rolling hills, sand dunes, and rocky outcrops, with elevations ranging from sea level to 200 meters (660 feet).

The Qardho lowlands extend inland for several kilometers before transitioning into the rugged foothills of the Karkaar Mountains. The mountains, which rise to over 2,000 meters (6,600 feet), form a formidable barrier to the west of the city. To the east, the Gulf of Aden provides Qardho with an important trade route and access to the Indian Ocean. The coastline near the city is characterized by sandy beaches, rocky headlands, and coral reefs, creating a diverse and picturesque natural landscape.

Qardho Airport (GSR)

Qardho Airport (IATA: GSR, ICAO: HCMQ) is a regional airport serving the city of Qardho in the Karkaar region of Puntland State, Somalia. Located approximately 1.9 kilometers (1.2 miles) from the city center, the airport plays a crucial role in providing air connectivity to the surrounding areas and beyond. Qardho Airport is accessible via a paved road connecting it to local and regional destinations.

The airport is operated by the Puntland Civil Aviation Authority (PCAA) and facilitates domestic passenger and cargo services. It operates a 1,200-meter (3,937-foot) asphalt runway with a width of 30 meters (98 feet). Additionally, the airport provides essential facilities for flight operations, including a passenger terminal, control tower, and ground handling services.

History and Culture

Qardho is an ancient town located on the northeastern coast of Somalia, in the Bari region. It has been inhabited for centuries and has a rich cultural heritage influenced by various civilizations that have passed through the region. The town’s history is closely tied to the Sultanate of Majeerteen, which ruled the area from the 17th century onwards, and the British protectorate that followed. Qardho has a vibrant culture, with a number of traditional crafts and arts, including weaving, basket-making, and henna painting. The town is also home to several mosques and other religious sites that reflect the strong Islamic heritage of the local population.

Economy and Infrastructure

Qardho’s economy is primarily based on trade, fishing, and tourism. The town is a major port for the export of livestock and other goods from the surrounding region, and it also has a number of markets and shops catering to the local population. Fishing is another important industry in Qardho, with the town being home to a number of fishing boats that operate in the Gulf of Aden. Tourism is a growing sector in Qardho, with the town attracting visitors from both within Somalia and abroad. The town has a number of hotels and guesthouses, as well as a number of restaurants and cafes. Qardho also has a number of schools and hospitals, providing essential services to the local population.