Puruliya Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – India
Hot and Humid Summer Months
Puruliya experiences scorching and humid summer months between March and June. Temperatures soar to an average high of 35°C (95°F), while lows hover around 25°C (77°F). The heat is intensified by the lack of adequate shade and the influx of hot, dry winds from neighboring Rajasthan. Moisture levels are high, resulting in frequent thunderstorms and occasional rain showers that provide temporary relief from the oppressive heat. Outdoor activities should be conducted early in the morning or late in the evening to avoid the extreme heat.
Cool and Dry Winter Months
The winter months in Puruliya are pleasantly cool and dry, lasting from November to February. Temperatures drop significantly, with average highs ranging from 25°C (77°F) to 30°C (86°F) and lows dropping to 10°C (50°F) at night. The skies are generally clear, with minimal humidity, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities. In January, Puruliya experiences its coldest weather, with temperatures sometimes dipping below 10°C (50°F). During this time, the region receives minimal rainfall, creating a dry and invigorating climate.
Summer Season
During the summer season, Puruliya experiences scorching heat, with average temperatures ranging from 35 to 40 degrees Celsius (95 to 104 degrees Fahrenheit). The period from March to June is considered as summer, and the peak temperatures occur in May, often exceeding 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit). The intense heat and humidity can make it challenging for outdoor activities during this time.
Winter Season
The winter season in Puruliya brings a pleasant respite from the summer heat, with average temperatures ranging from 12 to 18 degrees Celsius (54 to 64 degrees Fahrenheit). December to February are considered winter months, and January is typically the coldest, with temperatures dipping to around 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit) at night. While the days may be mild, the nights can be chilly, and warm clothing is recommended.
Formation of Clouds
Clouds over Puruliya, India, are primarily shaped by the region’s unique geographic and climatic conditions. The area lies in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, where the influence of the Bay of Bengal is significant. Warm, moist air from the Bay of Bengal combines with rising thermals from the land surface, leading to the formation of clouds. Atmospheric instability, caused by uneven heating and cooling of the air, further contributes to the formation and growth of cloud systems.
Types of Clouds
Puruliya experiences a wide range of cloud types, including cumulus, cirrus, and stratus clouds. Cumulus clouds, characterized by their puffy, white appearance, are common during the monsoon season and often bring rainfall. Cirrus clouds, on the other hand, are thin, wispy clouds that form at high altitudes and are made up of ice crystals. Stratus clouds, appearing as a uniform, gray layer, often cover the sky during overcast conditions and can produce drizzle or light rain. The presence of various cloud types reflects the dynamic nature of the region’s weather systems, which can transition rapidly from clear skies to cloudy conditions.
Annual Precipitation
Puruliya, a district in West Bengal, India, experiences distinct seasonal precipitation patterns. The average annual precipitation is approximately 1,200 mm, with the majority falling during the monsoon season from June to September. During this period, heavy downpours are common, leading to flooding in low-lying areas. The highest monthly precipitation occurs in July, averaging around 300 mm. The winter months (December to February) are relatively dry, with average monthly precipitation below 10 mm.
Rainfall Variability
The annual precipitation in Puruliya exhibits significant variability. In recent years, the district has faced extreme rainfall events, including droughts and floods. Erratic rainfall patterns have affected agricultural productivity and water availability, posing challenges to the local economy and population. During the monsoon season, intense rainfall can lead to soil erosion, landslides, and damage to infrastructure. Conversely, prolonged dry spells can result in crop failures, water scarcity, and wildfires.
Annual Rainfall Patterns
Puruliya, located in the Indian state of West Bengal, experiences a tropical monsoon climate characterized by distinct dry and wet seasons. The annual rainfall in Puruliya typically ranges from 1,000 to 1,500 millimeters (40 to 60 inches). The majority of the rainfall occurs during the southwest monsoon season, which extends from June to September. During this period, the region receives heavy and persistent rainfall, often resulting in floods. The dry season, lasting from October to May, is relatively dry, with only occasional rainfall.
Seasonal Variations
The average monthly rainfall in Puruliya varies significantly throughout the year. The wettest months are July and August, during which the region receives an average of over 300 millimeters (12 inches) of rainfall. The driest months are January and February, when the average rainfall drops below 50 millimeters (2 inches). The onset of the monsoon season in June is marked by a sharp increase in rainfall, leading to a sudden rise in water levels in rivers and dams. The monsoon typically withdraws from the region by mid-September, bringing an end to the intense rainfall.
Heavy Snowfall Blankets Puruliya
On January 2, 2021, Puruliya, a district in the Indian state of West Bengal, experienced an unprecedented snowfall, marking a historic event for the region. The snowfall, which began in the early morning hours, continued throughout the day, covering the landscape in a thick blanket of white. It is the first time in recorded history that snowfall has been observed in Puruliya.
The snowfall sent shockwaves across the community, with residents and visitors alike marveling at the spectacle. The snow-laden trees and rooftops created a picturesque winter wonderland, transforming the district into a realm of enchantment. The snowfall brought joy to both locals and tourists, many of whom took to the streets to enjoy the rare experience. However, the snowfall also posed challenges, particularly for transportation and essential services. Roads were blocked, and power outages were reported in some areas.
Temperature and Humidity
Puruliya, located in the state of West Bengal, India, experiences significant variations in temperature throughout the year due to its tropical climate. During the summer months (April to June), temperatures soar to an average high of 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit), while the nights remain warm with temperatures hovering around 28 degrees Celsius (82 degrees Fahrenheit). The monsoon season from July to September brings heavy rainfall, accompanied by high humidity levels that make the weather particularly uncomfortable. Winter temperatures, from December to February, are relatively mild, with average highs of 25 degrees Celsius (77 degrees Fahrenheit) and lows of 13 degrees Celsius (55 degrees Fahrenheit).
Sunshine Hours and Precipitation
The amount of sunshine Puruliya receives varies depending on the season. During the monsoon months, overcast skies and frequent rainfall result in fewer sunshine hours. On average, Puruliya receives around 8 to 9 hours of sunshine daily in the summer and only 4 to 5 hours during the monsoon season. The winter months, however, provide the most sunshine with an average of 10 to 11 hours of sunlight per day. Precipitation is abundant in Puruliya, with an annual average of 1,200 millimeters (47 inches) of rainfall. Most of the rain falls during the monsoon season, with heavy showers and thunderstorms occurring frequently. The winter months are comparatively drier, with occasional light rain or drizzle.
Lunar Phase Visibility
Puruliya, located in the Indian state of West Bengal, experiences the same lunar phases as other parts of the world. The moon’s appearance changes throughout the lunar cycle, from a thin crescent to a full circle. The visibility of the moon in Puruliya is influenced by factors such as cloud cover, light pollution, and the time of year. During clear nights with minimal light pollution, the moon can be observed in all its phases, providing a captivating celestial spectacle.
Lunar Eclipses and Supermoons
Lunar eclipses occur when the Earth’s shadow falls on the moon, causing it to appear dark or reddish. Total lunar eclipses, where the entire moon is obscured, are relatively rare events. Puruliya residents have the opportunity to witness lunar eclipses when they occur. Similarly, supermoons, which appear larger and brighter than usual, can be observed in Puruliya. During these celestial events, the moon’s proximity to Earth creates a stunning visual display that attracts the attention of stargazers and photographers alike.
General Characteristics of Humidity in Puruliya
Puruliya, a district in West Bengal, India, experiences distinct humidity variations throughout the year. The overall humidity levels in Puruliya remain moderately high, particularly during the monsoon season from June to September. The average relative humidity ranges from 70% to 85% during this period, providing a humid and sultry environment. In the winter months (December to February), humidity levels drop to a moderate range of 60% to 70%, making the weather more pleasant and dry.
Seasonal Variations in Humidity
Humidity in Puruliya exhibits pronounced seasonal variations. During the monsoon season, the influx of moisture-laden winds from the Bay of Bengal leads to a significant increase in humidity levels. The air is saturated with moisture, often leading to heavy rainfall and thunderstorms. The high humidity levels during this period can make it challenging for outdoor activities and can cause discomfort and heat exhaustion. In contrast, the winter months bring a respite from the humidity as the monsoon recedes. The air becomes drier, and the humidity levels drop noticeably, creating a more comfortable and invigorating environment.
Wind Energy in Puruliya, India
Puruliya, a district in West Bengal, India, has emerged as a significant hub for wind energy production. The district’s vast open land and favorable wind conditions make it an ideal location for wind farms. Several wind projects have been established in Puruliya, contributing substantially to India’s renewable energy portfolio.
The wind energy infrastructure in Puruliya has been developed by various government agencies, private companies, and independent power producers. One notable project is the Purulia Pumped Storage Project, which combines wind power with hydropower to optimize energy generation and storage. The project includes a 90-megawatt wind farm that generates electricity during peak hours and pumps water to an upper reservoir. During off-peak hours, the water is released from the reservoir to generate additional electricity through the same turbines. This hybrid system ensures a stable and reliable power supply even during fluctuating wind conditions.
Summer:
Puruliya experiences blistering summers from March to June, with temperatures soaring to a maximum of 40 degrees Celsius. The scorching heat, coupled with high humidity, makes it an uncomfortable period to visit. Outdoor activities are best avoided during this season, as the intense sunlight and heat can be extremely taxing. However, if you’re determined to visit during summer, make sure to stay hydrated and seek shelter from the sun during the hottest hours of the day.
Monsoon:
The monsoon season arrives in Puruliya around June or July and lasts until September or October. During this time, the region receives heavy rainfall, with frequent thunderstorms and downpours. Although the rain brings some respite from the summer heat, it can also cause flooding and landslides, especially in hilly areas. The roads may become impassable, and certain attractions may be closed due to the weather conditions. If you plan to visit during monsoon, be prepared for wet and unpredictable weather and pack accordingly.
Solar Energy Potential
Puruliya, situated in West Bengal, India, holds immense potential for solar energy harnessing due to its abundant sunshine and favorable geographical conditions. The region receives an average of 250-300 sunny days annually, with an average solar radiation of 4.5-5.5 kWh/m2/day. This translates to a potential for generating significant amounts of clean and renewable electricity through solar photovoltaic (PV) systems.
Government Initiatives and Infrastructure
To promote the adoption and utilization of solar energy, the Indian government has implemented various initiatives, including the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) and the Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI). Puruliya has been a beneficiary of these programs, with numerous solar PV projects being commissioned in the district. The state government has also established solar parks and training centers to support the development of the solar industry in the region. These initiatives have created ample opportunities for entrepreneurs and investors to tap into the vast solar energy potential of Puruliya.
Peculiar Physiography of Puruliya
Puruliya, a district in the southwestern part of West Bengal, boasts a unique and captivating topography. The region is characterized by its undulating nature, dotted with numerous hills and plateaus, giving it the appearance of a vast natural canvas. The Chhotanagpur Plateau extends into Puruliya, forming its northern and eastern boundaries, contributing to its hilly terrain. The meandering course of the Kangsabati River, the lifeblood of the district, further sculpts the landscape, creating scenic valleys and verdant basins.
Diverse Landforms and Geological Heritage
Puruliya’s diverse topography is a testament to its rich geological history. The Chhotanagpur Plateau, a geological marvel, comprises ancient rock formations dating back to the Precambrian era. These rocks, primarily granite and gneiss, have been shaped by eons of erosion, resulting in the formation of hills, valleys, and rugged outcrops. The district also exhibits features of laterite soil, a reddish-brown soil formed from the weathering of underlying rocks. These laterite formations are commonly found in the central and western parts of Puruliya, adding to the region’s distinctive landscape. The presence of coal deposits within the district further enhances its geological significance.
Nearest Airport in Puruliya, India
The nearest airport to Puruliya, India is Kazi Nazrul Islam Airport (KDM), located approximately 150 kilometers (93 miles) away in Durgapur. It is a domestic airport with regular flights to major cities like Kolkata, Delhi, and Ranchi. From KDM, travelers can take a bus or taxi to reach Puruliya. The journey by road takes about 3-4 hours.
Another option is to fly to Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport (CCU) in Kolkata, which is approximately 250 kilometers (155 miles) away from Puruliya. CCU is a major international airport with flights to various domestic and international destinations. From CCU, travelers can take a train or bus to reach Puruliya. The train journey takes about 6-7 hours, while the bus journey takes about 8-9 hours.
History and Culture
Puruliya, a district in the Indian state of West Bengal, has a rich historical and cultural heritage. Its name is derived from the Sanskrit word “Purulia,” meaning “a place of plenty.” The district was home to several powerful kingdoms and dynasties throughout history, including the Pala, Sena, and Mughal empires. During the 17th century, Puruliya came under the control of the British East India Company. The town of Puruliya, the district headquarters, was established in 1833.
Puruliya is known for its unique folk culture, particularly its Chhau dance, which is a UNESCO-recognized Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The district is also home to several ancient temples, including the Nakshi Mandir, a 16th-century Hindu temple known for its intricate carvings. Puruliya’s traditional arts and crafts include pottery, weaving, and terracotta work.
Natural Resources and Economy
Puruliya is rich in natural resources, including iron ore, manganese, and limestone. The district’s economy is primarily based on agriculture, with rice, wheat, and maize being the main crops. Puruliya is also a major producer of silk and other textiles. The district has several industries, including iron and steel production, mining, and food processing. Tourism is another important sector of Puruliya’s economy, with the Chhau dance and other cultural attractions drawing visitors from around the world.