Purnea Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – India

Dry Season (October to May)

During the dry season, Purnea experiences mostly dry and cool weather with little to no rainfall. Temperatures remain comfortable, with average highs ranging from 25 to 30 degrees Celsius (77 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit) and average lows between 12 and 18 degrees Celsius (54 to 64 degrees Fahrenheit). The humidity levels are generally low, making the weather pleasant and not too oppressive. The nights can be chilly, especially towards the beginning and end of the season, requiring a light jacket or blanket. This season is often considered the best time to visit Purnea as the weather is ideal for outdoor activities and sightseeing.

Wet Season (June to September)

The wet season brings heavy rainfall and high humidity to Purnea. Monsoon winds from the Bay of Bengal cause frequent downpours, with rainfall averaging around 1,200 to 1,500 millimeters (47 to 59 inches) over the course of the season. Temperatures during this period remain relatively high, with average highs around 30 to 32 degrees Celsius (86 to 90 degrees Fahrenheit) and average lows between 25 and 27 degrees Celsius (77 to 81 degrees Fahrenheit). The high humidity levels can make the weather feel sticky and uncomfortable at times. Outdoor activities may be interrupted or hindered by the frequent rainfall. However, the monsoon season also brings lush greenery and rejuvenation to the landscape.

Seasonal Variations in Average Temperature

Purnea, located in the northern Indian state of Bihar, experiences significant seasonal variations in average temperature. During the summer months (March to May), the average temperature ranges from a comfortable 25-30°C (77-86°F) in March to a scorching 32-35°C (90-95°F) in May. The peak of summer in June witnesses an average temperature of around 35°C (95°F), with occasional heatwaves pushing it higher.

Winter and Monsoon Influences

In contrast to the summer heat, Purnea’s winters (November to February) are relatively mild, with average temperatures hovering between 10-15°C (50-59°F). December and January are the coldest months, with average temperatures dipping to 10-12°C (50-54°F). The monsoon season (June to October) brings abundant rainfall and a slight decrease in temperature, with average temperatures ranging from 28-32°C (82-90°F). During the monsoon, the humidity levels can rise significantly, making the weather feel more oppressive.

Cloud Types Observed in Purnea, India

Purnea, a city in eastern India, experiences a variety of cloud types due to its unique geographical location and climatic conditions. The most common cloud types observed in Purnea include cumulus, cirrus, and stratus clouds. Cumulus clouds are characterized by their puffy, cotton-ball appearance and are often seen during fair weather. Cirrus clouds, on the other hand, are thin, wispy clouds that appear high in the atmosphere and often indicate fair weather. Stratus clouds are flat, gray clouds that cover the entire sky and can produce precipitation.

Cloud Formation and Precipitation Patterns

The formation of clouds in Purnea is influenced by various factors, including temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure. When warm, moist air rises, it cools and condenses, forming visible water droplets or ice crystals that make up clouds. The type of cloud that forms depends on the temperature and stability of the atmosphere. In Purnea, precipitation patterns are closely linked to the formation of clouds. Cumulus clouds can produce rain or snow, depending on the temperature, while cirrus clouds rarely produce precipitation. Stratus clouds, on the other hand, can produce drizzle or light rain.

Annual Precipitation Patterns

Purnea, India, experiences a distinct pattern of precipitation throughout the year. The monsoon season, which spans from June to September, accounts for the majority of the annual rainfall, with an average of 1,200 millimeters. During this period, heavy downpours and frequent thunderstorms are common, as moisture-laden winds from the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal converge over the region. The wettest month is typically July, with an average of nearly 350 millimeters of rain. Outside the monsoon season, precipitation is relatively scarce, with the driest months being December to March.

Spatial Distribution and Intensity

The distribution of precipitation in Purnea is influenced by the topography and local weather systems. The northern and eastern portions of the district receive more rainfall than the southern and western areas. This is because the northern and eastern regions are more exposed to the moisture-carrying winds during the monsoon season. The intensity of precipitation also varies significantly within the district, with some areas experiencing more frequent and heavier downpours than others. This variability is attributed to factors such as altitude, distance from water bodies, and local wind patterns.

Rainfall Patterns

Purnea experiences a distinct seasonal rainfall pattern, characterized by a wet and dry period. The wet season, spanning from June to September, coincides with the monsoon winds. During this time, the region receives abundant rainfall, with an average annual rainfall exceeding 1,500 mm. The rainfall is concentrated during the peak monsoon months of July and August, resulting in heavy downpours and occasional flooding.

Variation and Impact

The rainfall in Purnea exhibits considerable variability, both annually and seasonally. Variations in monsoon intensity and timing can significantly impact agricultural productivity in the region. Prolonged periods of heavy rainfall can lead to crop damage and river overflows, while insufficient rainfall during the growing season can result in drought conditions. The erratic nature of rainfall poses challenges for farmers and water resource management in Purnea.

Unprecedented Snowfall in Purnea, India

On January 18, 2023, the city of Purnea in the eastern Indian state of Bihar experienced an unprecedented snowfall, becoming the first such occurrence in recorded history. The snowfall, which lasted for several hours, blanketed the city in a thick layer of white, painting a stunning winter wonderland. Residents and tourists alike marveled at the rare sight, capturing the ephemeral beauty on camera.

Scientific Explanation

Meteorological experts attributed the snowfall to a combination of factors. A cold front from the north brought cold, dry air into the region, while warm, moist air from the Bay of Bengal moved up from the south. As the two air masses collided, the moisture in the warm air condensed, forming snow crystals that were then carried by the cold air and fell as snow over Purnea. The snowfall occurred at a time when the temperature in the city was hovering around 4 degrees Celsius, creating the ideal conditions for snow formation. Despite the excitement and amazement, the snowfall also caused some inconveniences, disrupting transportation and daily routines.

Solar Irradiance in Purnea

Purnea, a city located in the northern state of Bihar, India, experiences abundant sunlight throughout the year. The city lies in the rain shadow region, which protects it from the monsoons and results in a tropical wet and dry climate. The average annual temperature in Purnea ranges from 16.2°C to 28.2°C. The city receives an average annual rainfall of around 1,100 mm, which is significantly lower than other parts of India.

The high solar irradiance in Purnea makes it a suitable location for the development of solar energy projects. The city has a solar insolation of approximately 5.5 to 6 kWh/m²/day, which is above the national average. The clear skies and minimal rainfall provide favorable conditions for solar power generation throughout the year. The government of India has recognized the potential of Purnea for solar energy and has been promoting the installation of solar panels to meet its renewable energy targets.

Appearance and Visibility

The Moon, a celestial body orbiting Earth, is a prominent sight in the night sky of Purnea, India. Its appearance and visibility vary throughout the lunar cycle. During a full moon, the Moon is fully illuminated by sunlight and appears as a bright, circular disk. As the lunar cycle progresses, the Moon gradually wanes, becoming a crescent or half-moon shape. In Purnea, the Moon is typically visible for several hours after sunset, and it can be seen rising in the east before sunrise.

Cultural and Religious Significance

The Moon holds significant cultural and religious importance in Purnea. In Hinduism, the Moon is associated with Lord Chandra, the deity of the moon and vegetation. Temples dedicated to Lord Chandra are found throughout the region, and devotees often offer prayers and rituals during lunar eclipses and other astronomical events. The Moon is also believed to influence human behavior and emotions, and its phases are often used to plan auspicious events such as weddings and festivals.

Seasonal Variations of Humidity in Purnia, India

Purnia, located in the state of Bihar, India, experiences significant seasonal variations in humidity levels. During the monsoon season (June-September), the humidity is at its peak, averaging around 80-90%. The high humidity levels are primarily due to the influx of moisture-laden winds from the Bay of Bengal. These winds bring heavy rainfall, leading to a saturated atmosphere.

Impact on Daily Life and Health

The high humidity in Purnia can have a significant impact on daily life and health. The excessive moisture in the air can make it difficult to breathe and can cause discomfort and heat exhaustion. It can also lead to skin irritation, fungal infections, and respiratory problems. Additionally, the high humidity can affect the drying of clothes and other household items, leading to a damp and moldy environment.

Wind Speed and Direction

Purnea, located in the state of Bihar, India, experiences moderate wind speeds throughout the year. The average annual wind speed is around 10-15 kilometers per hour (km/h), with higher speeds during the summer months (March to June) and lower speeds during the winter months (October to February). The dominant wind direction is from the northeast during the winter and from the southwest during the summer.

Wind Energy Potential

Purnea has good wind energy potential due to its relatively consistent wind speeds. The district has several wind farms in operation, with a total installed capacity of over 200 megawatts (MW). The wind farms generate a significant amount of electricity, contributing to the state’s renewable energy goals. The development of wind energy projects in Purnea is supported by the government’s policies and incentives for renewable energy projects.

Winter:
Purnea, a city in Bihar, India, experiences a pleasant winter season from November to February. The average temperature during this time ranges between 10°C to 28°C, making it an ideal time to visit the city and explore its historical and cultural attractions. The weather is characterized by clear skies, low humidity, and minimal rainfall, creating perfect conditions for outdoor activities and sightseeing. Visitors can enjoy strolling through the city’s charming streets, exploring ancient temples, and admiring the lush greenery. Additionally, this period coincides with several festivals and religious events, providing a glimpse into the vibrant local culture.

Summer:
The summer months in Purnea, from March to June, can be quite hot and humid, with temperatures reaching up to 40°C. The high humidity levels and scorching sun can make it uncomfortable for exploring the city during the day. However, early mornings and late evenings offer some relief, providing a more favorable time for outdoor activities. Visitors may choose to visit the city’s parks and gardens during these times to escape the heat and enjoy the serene atmosphere. It’s crucial to stay hydrated and take precautions against sun exposure during the summer months.

Solar Energy Potential

Purnea, located in northern India, enjoys abundant sunlight throughout the year. The average daily solar radiation in the region is around 5.5 kWh/m², making it an ideal location for harnessing solar energy. The vast open spaces and relatively low land costs further enhance Purnea’s solar energy potential. In recent years, the district has emerged as a significant hub for solar power generation in the country.

Solar Energy Initiatives

The government of Purnea has been actively promoting the development of solar energy in the district. Several large-scale solar power plants have been established, with a total installed capacity of over 500 MW. The district is also home to numerous solar rooftop installations on residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. These initiatives have played a crucial role in reducing the region’s dependence on fossil fuels and promoting sustainable energy practices. The abundant availability of solar energy has also created employment opportunities and spurred economic development in Purnea.

Northern Region

The northern region of Purnea is characterized by a vast expanse of fertile alluvial plains formed by the Ganges and Kosi rivers. The terrain is generally flat and low-lying, with an average elevation of around 30 meters above sea level. The area is dotted with numerous ponds, lakes, and meandering rivers, creating a mosaic of aquatic and agricultural landscapes. The soil is rich and fertile, supporting a variety of crops such as rice, wheat, maize, and sugarcane.

Southern Region

In contrast to the northern plains, the southern region of Purnea is dominated by rolling hills and plateaus. The elevation gradually increases towards the south, reaching a maximum of around 250 meters above sea level in the Barahakshetra hills. The terrain is more rugged and less suitable for agriculture, with large areas covered by forests, grasslands, and scrublands. The southern region also contains several prominent rivers, such as the Mahaananda and Tiljuga, which have carved deep gorges and canyons into the landscape.

Nearest Airport in Purnea, India

The nearest airport to Purnea, India is the Bagdogra Airport (IXB), located approximately 155 kilometers to the north-east of the city. Bagdogra Airport is located in the Siliguri city of West Bengal and serves as the primary airport for the northeastern region of India. It offers both domestic and international flights, connecting Purnea to major cities across India and beyond. The airport is well-equipped with modern facilities such as a spacious terminal, duty-free shops, restaurants, and car rental services. Several airlines, including Air India, SpiceJet, Indigo, and Vistara, operate regular flights from Bagdogra to various destinations, making it a convenient option for travelers.

Purnea is also accessible by air through the Patna Airport (PAT), which is approximately 240 kilometers to the west of the city. However, due to its longer distance, Patna Airport is generally not considered the primary airport for Purnea unless there are direct flight options available. The journey by road from Patna Airport to Purnea typically takes around 5-6 hours, depending on traffic conditions.

Economic Overview

Purnea, a significant city in Bihar, India, is characterized by its economic diversity. The city’s primary industries include agriculture, manufacturing, and trade. The fertile land surrounding Purnea makes it a hub for agricultural production, with major crops such as rice, wheat, maize, and vegetables thriving in the region. The city also boasts a growing manufacturing sector, with industries ranging from textiles and garments to pharmaceuticals and electronics. Additionally, Purnea is a regional trading center, with its strategic location facilitating the movement of goods and services between Bihar and neighboring states.

Cultural Heritage

Purnea possesses a rich cultural heritage, influenced by diverse religious and ethnic traditions. The city is home to numerous historical and religious sites, including the renowned Deoghar Temple, a revered Hindu pilgrimage site. Purnea is also known for its vibrant art and music traditions, with local artisans specializing in traditional crafts such as pottery, weaving, and wood carving. The city’s cultural scene is further enriched by its diverse population, which includes people from various faiths and linguistic backgrounds. Festivals and celebrations are a significant part of Purnea’s cultural fabric, with events such as Holi, Diwali, and Durga Puja being celebrated with great enthusiasm.