Porto Velho Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Brazil

Temperature and Rainfall

Porto Velho, Brazil, experiences tropical weather, with an average annual temperature ranging from 24°C (75°F) to 28°C (82°F). The warmest months are October through April, during which temperatures can exceed 30°C (86°F) in the afternoon. The coldest months are May through September, when nights can dip to around 18°C (64°F). Porto Velho receives abundant rainfall year-round, with an average annual precipitation exceeding 2,000mm (80 inches). The rainy season lasts from October to May, when heavy downpours and thunderstorms are common. During this period, it is not uncommon for the city to experience flooding and landslides.

Humidity and Sunshine

Humidity levels in Porto Velho remain high throughout the year, typically ranging from 75% to 90%. The most humid months are December through April, when the city can feel particularly muggy and uncomfortable. On the other hand, the driest months are May through September, when humidity levels drop slightly. Porto Velho enjoys an average of 7 to 8 hours of sunshine per day throughout the year. The sunniest months are May through September, while the cloudiest months are December through April. During the rainy season, heavy clouds and persistent rainfall can reduce the amount of sunshine available.

Seasonal Variations

Porto Velho’s average temperatures vary significantly throughout the year, reflecting the city’s tropical rainforest climate. The hottest months are October to March, when temperatures average between 77°F (25°C) and 88°F (31°C). During this period, humidity levels also remain high, making the heat feel even more intense. In contrast, the cooler months run from May to September, with average temperatures ranging from 68°F (20°C) to 77°F (25°C). These months offer a welcome respite from the sweltering heat of the rainy season.

Yearly Patterns

Over the course of a year, Porto Velho experiences an average temperature of around 78°F (26°C). The city’s high precipitation levels, which average over 70 inches annually, contribute to the consistently warm and humid climate. However, brief periods of cooler weather can occur during the transition between seasons, offering a slight reprieve from the tropical heat. August typically holds the honor of being Porto Velho’s coolest month, with average temperatures hovering around 73°F (23°C).

Cloud Cover

Porto Velho experiences significant cloud cover throughout the year. During the wet season, which typically runs from November to March, cloud cover is more prevalent due to increased rainfall. The city experiences an average of 70-90% cloud cover during this period, resulting in overcast skies and reduced sunshine hours. However, during the dry season, from April to October, cloud cover tends to decrease, with an average of 30-50%. This leads to clearer skies and more sunshine during these months.

Cloud Types

The cloud types observed in Porto Velho vary depending on atmospheric conditions. Cumulus clouds, characterized by their puffy and isolated appearance, are common during the wet season. These clouds often form at lower altitudes and can bring scattered showers or thunderstorms. Stratus clouds, which appear as grayish and uniform sheets covering the sky, are also common during the wet season. They often lead to persistent drizzle or light rain. Cirrus clouds, known for their delicate and wispy appearance, are prevalent during the dry season and are associated with fair weather conditions.

Rainfall Distribution

Porto Velho experiences a tropical monsoon climate characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons. The wet season from October to May witnesses heavy rainfall, averaging around 2,000 mm (79 inches) annually. The rainfall is influenced by the Amazon rainforest’s proximity and the movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), which brings moist tropical winds to the region during the summer months.

Seasonal Variations

During the wet season, rainfall can be erratic and intense, with occasional thunderstorms and prolonged periods of steady rain. The heaviest rainfall occurs from December to March, when the ITCZ is positioned closest to Porto Velho. In contrast, the dry season (June to September) is marked by much less rainfall, averaging less than 100 mm (4 inches) per month. During this period, dry spells and drought conditions can sometimes occur. The city’s average annual temperature remains relatively consistent throughout the year, with little seasonal variation.

Annual Precipitation

Porto Velho, Brazil, experiences a humid tropical climate characterized by heavy rainfall throughout the year. The city receives an average of 2,200 millimeters (86 inches) of precipitation annually. The wet season extends from October to April, with the heaviest rainfall occurring in January and February. During this period, daily showers and thunderstorms are common, leading to frequent flooding and disruptions. Conversely, the dry season, from May to September, is relatively short and less severe, although occasional rainfall can still occur.

Rainfall Patterns and Variability

The rainfall distribution in Porto Velho varies both seasonally and annually. The city is influenced by the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a belt of low atmospheric pressure that brings moisture from the Atlantic Ocean. During the wet season, the ITCZ migrates southward, positioning itself over Porto Velho and enhancing rainfall amounts. The dry season, on the other hand, occurs when the ITCZ moves northward, reducing moisture availability. Additionally, the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon can also impact rainfall patterns in Porto Velho. El Niño events tend to lead to drier conditions, while La Niña events typically result in increased precipitation.

Causes of Snowfall in Porto Velho

Snowfall in Porto Velho, Brazil, a city located near the equator, is an extremely rare phenomenon. The city’s tropical rainforest climate typically experiences high temperatures and abundant rainfall throughout the year. However, under exceptional circumstances, a combination of factors can lead to snowfall.

Firstly, an unusually strong cold front, originating from the polar regions, can penetrate deep into the South American continent, bringing cold and dry air to the Amazon region. Additionally, the topography of the area around Porto Velho can play a role. The city is situated in a river valley surrounded by high plateaus. Cold air can become trapped in the valley, further contributing to the cooling effect.

Historical Occurrences

Documented snowfall in Porto Velho is extremely limited. Historical records indicate that the city experienced snowfall on two separate occasions: in 1975 and 2008. In both instances, the snowfall was light and did not accumulate significantly. However, it caused widespread astonishment and excitement among the local population, as snowfall is virtually unheard of in this part of the world.

Sunrise and Sunset Times in Porto Velho

The sun rises and sets over Porto Velho, Brazil, at varying times throughout the year. During the austral summer (December to February), sunrise typically occurs between 5:45 AM and 6:15 AM, while sunset falls between 6:30 PM and 7:15 PM. As the season changes to the austral winter (June to August), the sun rises later and sets earlier, with sunrise occurring between 6:30 AM and 7:15 AM and sunset taking place between 5:30 PM and 6:15 PM. These variations are due to the Earth’s tilt on its axis and the changing length of daylight hours throughout the year.

Sunlight Hours and Intensity

Porto Velho experiences ample sunlight throughout the year, with an average of 2,600 sunshine hours annually, or approximately 7 hours of sunlight per day. The city’s tropical climate contributes to high sunlight intensity, particularly during the dry season (April to October). During this period, the sun’s rays are strong and can cause sunburn and other skin damage. It is important to take precautions when spending extended periods outdoors during these months, such as wearing sunscreen and seeking shade. The wet season (November to March) brings increased cloud cover, which can reduce sunlight intensity, especially during the afternoon and evening.

Moon Rise and Set Times

The moon in Porto Velho, Brazil, undergoes daily cycles of rising and setting. Each day, the moonrises and sets at different times. The exact timings vary throughout the month, with the moon typically rising earlier and setting later during the first half of the month and vice versa during the second half. For instance, on December 5th, 2023, the moon rises at 4:33 AM and sets at 6:01 PM, whereas on December 20th, 2023, it rises at 6:03 AM and sets at 7:22 PM. These timings are crucial for moon observation and celestial events like moonrises or moonlit night walks.

Moon Phases

The moon in Porto Velho, Brazil, goes through various phases throughout the lunar cycle, which typically lasts around 29.5 days. The new moon phase occurs when the moon is between the Earth and the sun, resulting in an invisible moon from Earth. As the moon orbits Earth, it gradually becomes visible as a crescent moon. The first quarter moon signifies that half of the moon is illuminated, followed by the full moon, where the entire face of the moon is visible. After the full moon, the moon wanes, transitioning back through the third quarter and finally to the new moon phase. These distinct phases of the moon are evident in the night sky of Porto Velho and hold cultural and spiritual significance in many societies worldwide.

Seasonal Variations and Extremes

Porto Velho, located in the northern Amazon rainforest region, experiences high humidity levels throughout the year due to its proximity to the equator and the abundance of vegetation that releases moisture into the atmosphere. The average relative humidity during the wet season, which lasts from October to April, ranges from 75% to 85%. However, during the dry season, from May to September, humidity drops slightly to 65-75%. Additionally, occasional cold fronts from the south can reduce humidity levels to as low as 30%.

Impact on Health and Well-being

High humidity levels can have a significant impact on the health and well-being of Porto Velho’s residents. Prolonged exposure to high humidity can lead to heat exhaustion, heatstroke, and dehydration. Moreover, it can exacerbate respiratory issues such as asthma and allergies by increasing the amount of moisture in the air. Additionally, high humidity can create a breeding ground for mold and mildew, which can trigger allergic reactions and other health problems. Residents may experience discomfort and lethargy during periods of high humidity, and it can affect their sleep quality and overall productivity.

Wind Patterns in Porto Velho

Porto Velho, located in southwestern Brazil, experiences distinct wind patterns throughout the year. During the dry season, which stretches from May to October, southerly and southeasterly winds dominate the region. These winds carry cold, dry air from the Andes Mountains and the Atacama Desert, contributing to the city’s clear skies and low humidity. The wind speeds during this period typically range from 10 to 20 kilometers per hour, providing a refreshing breeze.

Summer and Winter Winds

In the wet season, from November to April, the wind patterns shift to northeasterly and easterly directions. These winds bring warm, moist air from the Amazon rainforest, resulting in increased precipitation and higher humidity. During this period, the wind speeds tend to be lower, averaging around 5 to 15 kilometers per hour. The easterly winds can occasionally be accompanied by squalls and thunderstorms, especially in the late afternoon and evening.

High Season: Dry Season (May-October)

The dry season in Porto Velho offers the best time to visit for those seeking a combination of warm temperatures and minimal rainfall. Typically spanning from May to October, this period experiences little to no precipitation, making it ideal for outdoor activities and sightseeing. Temperatures hover around a comfortable 26-28°C (79-82°F), with pleasantly warm evenings and sunny skies. This season provides excellent opportunities for exploring the city’s bustling markets, lush parks, and nearby waterfalls, such as Salto do Jirau and Salto do Teotônio.

Low Season: Wet Season (November-April)

The wet season in Porto Velho typically runs from November to April, bringing with it heavy rainfall and occasional thunderstorms. While the city remains relatively warm throughout the year, temperatures may reach the high 30s (°C) (low 100s °F) during the peak of summer. The humidity levels also increase, making the atmosphere feel tropical. Despite the rain, the wet season offers a unique experience for nature enthusiasts, as the surrounding forests and wetlands flourish with vegetation and wildlife. Consider packing a raincoat and umbrella to navigate the showers and enjoy the natural beauty of the region.

Potential for Solar Energy

Porto Velho, located in the Amazon rainforest, experiences abundant sunshine throughout the year. The city’s annual solar radiation is estimated at approximately 1,800 kilowatt-hours per square meter, providing significant potential for solar energy development. The high irradiance levels make Porto Velho an ideal location for both photovoltaic (PV) systems and solar thermal applications.

Current Initiatives

Despite its abundant solar resources, Porto Velho has relatively low levels of solar energy utilization. However, there are increasing efforts to promote the adoption of solar technologies. The government has implemented various policies and incentives to encourage the installation of solar PV systems, aiming to reduce energy costs and reliance on fossil fuels. Additionally, local businesses and households are recognizing the benefits of solar energy and are investing in solar installations to meet their energy needs.

Topography of Urbanized Areas

The urbanized areas of Porto Velho are predominantly flat, with gentle slopes towards the Madeira River. The city center, located on the banks of the river, lies at an elevation of approximately 100 meters above sea level. As one moves away from the river, the terrain gradually rises, reaching elevations of around 150 meters in the outlying neighborhoods. The urban landscape is characterized by low-rise buildings and wide streets, with pockets of high-density development along the riverfront.

Topography of Peripheral Areas

Beyond the urbanized areas, the topography of Porto Velho becomes more diverse. To the east and north of the city, the land rises into a series of hills and plateaus. The Serra dos Pacaás Novos, located approximately 30 kilometers from the city center, forms a prominent topographic feature, with its highest peak reaching an elevation of over 800 meters. To the west and south, the terrain is dominated by the Amazon rainforest, which extends for hundreds of kilometers in all directions. The rainforest region is characterized by rolling hills, dense vegetation, and a complex network of rivers and streams.

Porto Velho International Airport (PVH)

Porto Velho International Airport (PVH) is the nearest airport to Porto Velho, Brazil. It is located approximately 7 kilometers (4.3 miles) from the city center. The airport serves as a hub for LATAM Brazil and Azul Brazilian Airlines and offers domestic flights to major cities in Brazil, including São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Brasília. Additionally, PVH provides international flights to neighboring countries such as Bolivia and Peru. With its convenient location and flight options, Porto Velho International Airport is the primary gateway for air travel to and from Porto Velho.

Passenger Facilities and Services

Porto Velho International Airport has been designed to provide passengers with a comfortable and convenient travel experience. The airport features a modern terminal building with check-in counters, baggage claim areas, and a food court with a variety of dining options. For travelers seeking relaxation or entertainment, the airport offers a lounge with complimentary Wi-Fi, charging stations, and a comfortable seating area. Additionally, the airport provides essential services such as currency exchange, ATMs, and a post office. The airport is committed to accessibility, ensuring that all passengers have access to elevators, ramps, and designated parking spaces for individuals with disabilities.

History and Culture

Porto Velho, the capital of the Brazilian state of Rondônia, has a rich history dating back to the late 19th century. It was founded in 1907 as a military outpost to protect the region from Bolivian incursions. The city experienced a boom during the 1970s and 1980s due to the construction of the Trans-Amazonian Highway, which connected it to other parts of Brazil. Today, Porto Velho is a vibrant and modern city with a population of over 500,000 people. It is home to a diverse population, including indigenous tribes, descendants of European settlers, and migrants from other parts of Brazil. The city is also known for its vibrant cultural scene, with numerous museums, theaters, and music venues.

Geography and Natural Attractions

Porto Velho is located on the banks of the Madeira River, one of the largest tributaries of the Amazon River. The city is surrounded by lush rainforests, which are home to a variety of plant and animal species. The Madeira River is a popular destination for fishing and boat tours, and the city is also a gateway to the Mamoré and Guaporé rivers, which offer opportunities for exploring the surrounding rainforest. The city’s parks and green spaces provide a respite from the hustle and bustle of urban life, and the nearby Calama Biological Reserve is home to a variety of wildlife, including monkeys, sloths, and birds.