Palghat Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – India

Climate of Palghat

Palghat’s tropical monsoon climate is characterized by two distinct seasons: the wet season (April to October) and the dry season (November to March). The wet season brings heavy rainfall due to the southwest monsoon winds, while the dry season is generally hot and dry. Temperatures throughout the year average around 28°C, with humidity levels remaining relatively high throughout the year.

Average Weather Year Round

During the wet season, rainfall can be intense, with Palghat receiving an average of 1,500 mm of rain annually. The driest months are January and February, with average rainfall of less than 10 mm. Temperatures during the wet season remain high, averaging around 28°C. The dry season brings clear skies and low humidity levels, with temperatures averaging around 32°C. However, the months of March and April can be particularly hot, with temperatures occasionally exceeding 35°C.

Average Temperature in Palghat, India

Palghat, a city in the state of Kerala, India, experiences a tropical climate with distinct seasons. The average temperature throughout the year is around 27°C (80.6°F). The warmest months are from March to May, with average temperatures reaching up to 32°C (89.6°F). The coldest months are from December to February, with average temperatures dropping to around 23°C (73.4°F).

During the monsoon season, which lasts from June to September, Palghat receives heavy rainfall. The average annual rainfall is around 2,500 mm (98.4 in). The humidity levels are generally high throughout the year, especially during the monsoon season. The city also experiences occasional thunderstorms and lightning strikes during the monsoon months.

Cloud Types and Impact on Climate:

Palghat, India, experiences a diverse range of cloud formations due to its tropical location. During the monsoon season from June to September, towering cumulonimbus clouds dominate the sky, bringing heavy rainfall and occasional thunderstorms. These clouds play a crucial role in the local weather system, providing vital water resources and cooling the atmosphere. In the winter months, cirrus and stratus clouds are more prevalent, often forming a picturesque spectacle. These clouds have a lesser impact on precipitation but influence atmospheric conditions, such as humidity and temperature.

Influence on Agriculture and Economy:

The cloud patterns in Palghat have a significant influence on local agriculture. The abundance of rain-bearing clouds during the monsoon season ensures ample water for irrigation, supporting the cultivation of crops such as rice, sugarcane, and bananas. Farmers rely on the seasonal rainfall to provide optimal moisture for their fields. However, excessive rainfall can also lead to flooding and crop damage, highlighting the importance of cloud monitoring and weather forecasting. Furthermore, the cloudscapes over Palghat attract nature enthusiasts and photographers, contributing to the region’s tourism industry.

Seasonal Precipitation

Palghat, India is characterized by a tropical monsoon climate, which is heavily influenced by the seasonal movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). During the southwest monsoon season from June to September, the ITCZ shifts northward, bringing abundant rainfall to the region. This period accounts for the majority of Palghat’s annual precipitation, averaging around 2,500 millimeters. During the winter and pre-monsoon seasons, precipitation is considerably lower. The northeast monsoon, which lasts from October to December, typically brings some moisture, but the rainfall amounts are not as significant as during the southwest monsoon.

Spatial Distribution

The precipitation distribution in Palghat is largely influenced by the topography of the region. The western slopes of the Western Ghats, which border Palghat to the west, receive heavy rainfall due to the orographic lifting of moisture-laden air. The eastern slopes, on the other hand, experience a rain shadow effect, resulting in lower precipitation amounts. Additionally, the coastal plains of Palghat receive more rainfall than the inland areas due to the proximity to the Arabian Sea. The annual precipitation can vary from over 3,000 millimeters in the western Ghats to less than 1,000 millimeters in the eastern plains of the district.

Rainfall Patterns in Palghat, India

Palghat, located in the southern Indian state of Kerala, experiences a tropical monsoon climate. The rainfall in the region is characterized by distinct seasons, with the majority of precipitation occurring during the southwest monsoon season from June to September. During this period, Palghat receives an average of 2,500 mm of rain, accounting for nearly 80% of its annual rainfall.

The monsoon rains in Palghat are typically heavy and persistent, with frequent thunderstorms and lightning. The region’s proximity to the Western Ghats mountain range, which acts as a barrier to moisture-carrying clouds from the Arabian Sea, contributes to the high rainfall during this season. The monsoon season brings relief from the summer heat and provides essential moisture for agriculture and other water-dependent activities.

Unusual Snowfall Event

Palghat, a district in the southern Indian state of Kerala, experienced an unprecedented snowfall event in January 2023. This extraordinary phenomenon, the first of its kind in the region, sent shockwaves across India and beyond. Snowflakes descended gracefully from the sky, painting an ethereal landscape that transformed the lush green hills into a winter wonderland. Temperatures plummeted below freezing, causing water bodies in the area to develop a thin layer of ice.

Scientific Explanation

Meteorologists attributed the snowfall to a combination of factors. A strong western disturbance brought cold air from the north, which collided with warm and moist air over the Western Ghats mountain range. This interaction caused intense precipitation that condensed into snowflakes instead of raindrops due to the low temperatures. The topography of Palghat, with its high elevation and proximity to the mountains, further contributed to the formation of snow.

Climate and Sun Exposure

Palghat, located in the state of Kerala, India, experiences a tropical monsoon climate with abundant sunshine throughout the year. The average temperature ranges between 25°C (77°F) and 35°C (95°F), providing favorable conditions for enjoying outdoor activities. During the summer months (March to May), the sun is at its peak intensity, with high levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It is essential to take precautions to avoid excessive sun exposure, such as wearing sunscreens, sunglasses, and protective clothing.

Health Benefits and Risks of Sun Exposure

Exposure to sunlight plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and well-being. It stimulates the body’s production of vitamin D, which is essential for bone health and immune function. Sunlight also improves mood, increases alertness, and reduces the risk of certain chronic diseases, such as heart disease and depression. However, prolonged and unprotected exposure to the sun can lead to sunburn, skin cancer, and other health problems. It is important to balance the benefits of sun exposure with the risks by seeking shade during the peak hours of sunlight and using appropriate sun protection measures when venturing outdoors.

Moonrise Over the Western Ghats

Palghat, nestled at the foot of the towering Western Ghats in the southern Indian state of Kerala, offers a breathtaking celestial spectacle at moonrise. As the sun dips below the horizon, the moon gradually emerges above the rugged mountain peaks, casting an ethereal glow over the verdant landscape. The silhouette of the Ghats, bathed in the soft moonlight, creates a dramatic backdrop for this lunar ascent.

Lunar Reflections in the Bharathapuzha River

The Bharathapuzha River, a lifeline of Palghat, meanders through the heart of the city. During moonrise, its tranquil waters transform into a shimmering mirror, reflecting the moon’s radiant orb. The riverbanks become a promenade for stargazers and romantic souls alike, who gather to witness the moon’s celestial dance mirrored on the water’s glassy surface. As the moon continues its ascent, its silvery rays illuminate the ancient temples and palaces that line the riverbanks, casting a magical spell over this enchanting city.

Annual Humidity Patterns

Palghat, located in the south Indian state of Kerala, experiences high humidity levels throughout the year. Annual average humidity ranges between 70-80%, with the monsoon season contributing to the highest levels. During the southwest monsoon (June-September), humidity levels can reach up to 90%, creating an oppressive and muggy environment. The northeast monsoon (October-November) also brings increased humidity, but not to the same extent as the southwest monsoon.

Seasonal Variations

Humidity levels in Palghat exhibit distinct seasonal variations. During the summer months (March-May), humidity levels remain high, ranging from 65-75%, due to the warm and moist air from the Bay of Bengal. However, during the winter months (December-February), humidity levels drop slightly, typically ranging between 60-70%, as the air becomes drier and cooler.

Wind Patterns in Palghat, India

Palghat, situated in the southern Indian state of Kerala, experiences a unique wind pattern known as the Palghat Gap winds. These winds are primarily driven by the seasonal reversal of monsoon winds over the region. During the southwest monsoon season (June-September), strong westerly winds blow from the Arabian Sea through the Palghat Gap, a narrow mountain pass connecting the Malabar coast to the Coimbatore plains. This influx of moisture-laden air results in heavy rainfall in the Palghat region and neighboring areas.

Conversely, during the northeast monsoon season (October-December), winds shift direction and blow from the Bay of Bengal towards the west coast. These winds, known as the retreating monsoon winds, travel through the Palghat Gap and cause significant rainfall in the eastern parts of Palghat and adjacent regions. The intensity of the Palghat Gap winds varies with altitude, with higher wind speeds observed at elevated locations. These winds play a crucial role in the region’s climate and agriculture, influencing rainfall patterns and crop production in the Palghat district.

Winter (October to March):

Palghat enjoys a moderate climate throughout the year, but the winter months from October to March are considered the best time to visit. During this period, the temperatures are pleasant, ranging from a comfortable 20 to 30 degrees Celsius. The skies are clear, providing ample sunshine ideal for outdoor activities. The humidity levels are also lower, making it a comfortable time to explore the city and its surroundings. Additionally, this period coincides with the harvest season, offering a chance to witness the vibrant local markets and festivals.

Summer (April to June):

While Palghat is generally enjoyable year-round, the summer months from April to June can be warm and humid. Temperatures can rise to 35 degrees Celsius, with high humidity levels making it feel even hotter. However, this period can also bring occasional showers, providing some respite from the heat. It’s important to note that the summer months are also known for thunderstorms, so it’s best to plan activities accordingly and carry an umbrella or raincoat. Despite the heat, the summer months can be a good time to visit for those who prefer warmer weather and want to experience the city at a quieter time of year.

Solar Energy Potential in Palghat, India

Palghat, a district in the southern Indian state of Kerala, boasts immense solar energy potential due to its strategic geographical location and favorable climatic conditions. The district receives abundant sunlight throughout the year, with an average of 280 sunny days annually. The clear skies and low levels of pollution contribute to the high solar radiation levels, making Palghat an ideal location for harnessing solar energy. Moreover, the undulating topography of the district provides suitable sites for the installation of large-scale solar power plants.

Solar Energy Initiatives in Palghat

Recognizing the potential, the government of Kerala and the district administration of Palghat have launched several initiatives to promote solar energy development. The district has played a pivotal role in implementing the state’s ambitious solar mission, which aims to generate 1,000 megawatts of solar power by 2022. Numerous government buildings, schools, and hospitals have been equipped with rooftop solar systems, demonstrating the commitment to clean and sustainable energy sources. Furthermore, the district has also attracted investments from private sector companies, who are setting up large-scale solar power plants to generate electricity for the grid. These initiatives have contributed to Palghat’s emergence as a leading solar energy hub in the state and the country.

Topography: Hills and Valleys

Palghat district is characterized by a diverse topography, featuring rolling hills, lush valleys, and vast plains. The Nilgiri Hills, located to the north and west, form a prominent backdrop, while the Anamalai Hills border the district to the east. The hills are covered with evergreen forests, interspersed with tea plantations and agricultural lands. The valleys, formed by the confluence of rivers, provide fertile ground for paddy cultivation and other agricultural activities. The Palghat Gap, a low-lying area between the Nilgiri and Anamalai Hills, connects the Malabar Coast with the Coimbatore region.

Coastal Plains and River Systems

The district also includes a narrow coastal plain along the Arabian Sea. The plain is dotted with coconut groves, fishing villages, and tourist destinations. Several rivers flow through Palghat, including the Bharathapuzha, the Chalakudy River, and the Kunthipuzha River. These rivers originate in the hills and traverse the district, providing irrigation for agriculture and supporting a rich aquatic ecosystem. The banks of the rivers are often lined with lush vegetation, creating scenic landscapes. The Bharathapuzha River, in particular, is known for its cultural and ecological significance, with ancient temples and vibrant birdlife along its banks.

Coimbatore International Airport (CJB)

Coimbatore International Airport (CJB) is the nearest airport to Palghat, India. It is approximately 50 kilometers (31 miles) from the city center. The airport serves as a major hub for the western region of Tamil Nadu and connects to several domestic and international destinations. CJB handles a significant volume of passenger and cargo traffic, with over 3 million passengers passing through its gates annually. The airport has one passenger terminal and a single runway, which can accommodate a variety of aircraft sizes. CJB offers a range of amenities and services to passengers, including duty-free shopping, restaurants, and transportation options. Several airlines operate flights to and from CJB, including IndiGo, SpiceJet, Air India, and AirAsia India.

Calicut International Airport (CCJ)

Calicut International Airport (CCJ) is another airport located within a reasonable distance from Palghat. It is approximately 100 kilometers (62 miles) from the city center. CCJ serves the Malabar region of Kerala and offers both domestic and international flight connections. While it is further away from Palghat compared to CJB, it may provide alternative flight options or connections to specific destinations. CCJ has one passenger terminal and a single runway, with a capacity to handle both narrow-body and wide-body aircraft. It offers similar amenities and services to CJB, such as duty-free shopping, dining outlets, and transportation services. IndiGo, SpiceJet, Air India, and Emirates are among the airlines that operate flights to and from CCJ.

Geographical Significance

Palghat, situated in the southern Indian state of Kerala, is a picturesque city known for its scenic landscapes and cultural heritage. It lies in the foothills of the Western Ghats, forming a natural gateway between Kerala and Tamil Nadu. The city is surrounded by lush green hills, meandering rivers, and sprawling paddy fields, creating a captivating blend of natural beauty and tranquility. Palghat is also home to the Palakkad Gap, a narrow stretch of land that connects the Deccan Plateau with the coastal plains of Kerala. This unique geographical feature has played a significant role in shaping the city’s history and culture.

Historical and Cultural Heritage

Palghat has a rich historical and cultural legacy dating back centuries. It was once the capital of the Princely State of Palghat, which ruled over a vast territory in the region. The city boasts several ancient temples, churches, and mosques, reflecting its diverse religious traditions. The most prominent among them is the famous Sree Krishna Temple, known for its intricate architecture and unique rituals. Palghat is also renowned for its traditional art forms, including Theyyam and Kathakali performances. The city is home to the renowned Kerala Agricultural University, which contributes significantly to agricultural research and development in the region.