Nijmegen Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Netherlands

Summer in Nijmegen

Summer in Nijmegen is characterized by mild temperatures and pleasant sunshine. The average temperature during the summer months (June to August) ranges from 15°C to 23°C. The humidity levels are generally low, making the warm weather comfortable and enjoyable. Rainfall occurs occasionally, typically in the form of short showers or thunderstorms. With an average of 6-8 hours of sunshine per day, summer is an ideal time to enjoy outdoor activities such as cycling, boating, and exploring the city’s parks and gardens.

Winter in Nijmegen

Winter in Nijmegen is typically cold and cloudy, with occasional periods of snow and ice. The average temperature during the winter months (December to February) ranges from 1°C to 5°C, although temperatures can occasionally drop below freezing. Precipitation is common, with the city receiving an average of 5-6 rainy or snowy days per month. Strong winds are also a feature of the winter months, particularly in January and February. Despite the colder temperatures, winter in Nijmegen offers opportunities for activities such as ice skating, cross-country skiing, and visiting the city’s cozy cafes and restaurants.

Average Temperature by Month

Nijmegen, a historic city located in the eastern Netherlands, experiences significant seasonal variations in temperature throughout the year. During the coldest months, December through February, average temperatures hover around 3-4°C (37-39°F). January, the coldest month, sees average temperatures of just 1-2°C (34-36°F). As spring approaches, temperatures begin to rise, and by April, the average temperature reaches a comfortable 9-10°C (48-50°F).

Average Temperature by Season

Summer in Nijmegen brings warm and pleasant weather, with average temperatures ranging from 16-17°C (61-63°F) in May to 19-20°C (66-68°F) in July and August. The warmest month is July, with average temperatures peaking at 22°C (72°F). As autumn sets in, temperatures gradually decline, and by October, the average temperature drops to 12-13°C (54-55°F). The city experiences relatively mild winters, with average temperatures remaining above freezing for most of the season.

Cloud Types in Nijmegen, Netherlands

Nijmegen experiences a wide variety of cloud formations throughout the year, reflecting the region’s temperate maritime climate. In winter, the city is often covered by low-lying clouds, such as stratus and altostratus, which can bring overcast skies and occasional drizzle. During summer months, fair-weather cumulus and stratocumulus clouds are prevalent, offering a picturesque contrast to the blue sky. High-altitude cirrus clouds are a common sight year-round, adding delicate feathery patterns to the heavens.

Seasonal Variations in Cloud Cover

The amount of cloud cover in Nijmegen varies significantly depending on the season. Winter tends to be the cloudiest time of year, with an average cloud cover of around 80%. This cloudiness is associated with frequent cyclonic activity and precipitation. In contrast, summer is the sunniest season, with cloud cover averaging around 50%. During spring and autumn, cloudiness is moderate, with average values ranging from 60% to 70%. These seasonal variations in cloud cover reflect the changing weather patterns and precipitation frequency throughout the year.

Annual Precipitation

Nijmegen, Netherlands, experiences a moderate climate with precipitation spread fairly evenly throughout the year. The average annual precipitation is approximately 800 millimeters (31 inches). Autumn and winter months tend to be wetter, with October and November receiving the highest rainfall. Summers are relatively drier, with July and August receiving the least rainfall.

Monthly Distribution

The monthly distribution of precipitation shows a clear pattern. The wettest months are October and November, with average monthly rainfall of 75-80 millimeters (3-3.1 inches). December through April also receive significant rainfall, averaging around 60-70 millimeters (2.4-2.8 inches) per month. May through September are drier, with average rainfall ranging from 40 to 60 millimeters (1.6-2.4 inches) per month. July and August stand out as the driest months, with average rainfall around 45 millimeters (1.8 inches) or less.

Monthly Rainfall Distribution

Nijmegen, located in the Netherlands, experiences a temperate maritime climate, characterized by mild winters and warm summers. Rainfall is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year, with no pronounced dry or wet seasons. The average annual rainfall in Nijmegen is approximately 800 mm (31.5 inches).

The wettest months are generally December and January, with an average rainfall of around 70 mm (2.76 inches) each. The driest months are May and June, averaging around 55 mm (2.17 inches) of rainfall. In spring and autumn, rainfall is more variable, with occasional dry spells and periods of heavier rain.

Rainfall Intensity and Duration

The intensity and duration of rainfall in Nijmegen can vary significantly. While most rainfall events are relatively light, with intensities below 10 mm/hr (0.39 inches/hr), there are occasional periods of heavier rainfall, particularly during thunderstorms or frontal systems. These events can produce rainfall intensities exceeding 25 mm/hr (0.98 inches/hr) and can lead to localized flooding.

Rainfall duration can also vary, ranging from short-lived showers to prolonged periods of precipitation. Most rainfall events in Nijmegen last less than a few hours, but some can persist for days, especially during winter storms or heavy frontal activity. The longest rainfall event recorded in Nijmegen lasted for over 24 hours and dropped more than 100 mm (3.94 inches) of rain.

Historical Snowfall Records

Nijmegen, Netherlands, experiences snowfall throughout the winter months, with occasional heavy snowfall events. According to historical data, the city’s annual average snowfall ranges from 15 to 25 centimeters. However, significant snowfall events have occurred in the past, such as in January 1942, when over 50 centimeters of snow fell, disrupting daily life and transportation.

Impact of Snowfall on Daily Life

When snowfall occurs in Nijmegen, daily life can be affected. Roads and sidewalks may become impassable, causing delays and cancellations of public transportation. Schools and businesses may also close or operate on reduced hours, especially if snowfall is heavy. Additionally, snowfall can increase the risk of accidents due to slippery surfaces, particularly for pedestrians and drivers. To mitigate these impacts, the city’s snow removal teams work diligently to clear major roads and public areas as quickly as possible.

Average Sunshine Hours in Nijmegen

Nijmegen enjoys a moderate amount of sunshine throughout the year. With an average of 1,686 sunshine hours, the city experiences a good balance between sunlight and overcast conditions. The sunniest months are June and July, with an average of 8 sunshine hours per day. In contrast, the winter months are the least sunny, with December and January receiving an average of around 2 hours of sunshine each day.

Benefits of Sunlight in Nijmegen

The abundant sunshine in Nijmegen offers numerous benefits for its residents. The sunlight provides vitamin D, which is essential for bone health and immune function. Studies have shown that exposure to sunlight can also improve mood, reduce stress levels, and boost overall well-being. Additionally, the city’s parks and green spaces offer ample opportunities for residents to enjoy the sunshine while engaging in outdoor activities like walking, cycling, or simply relaxing. Overall, the sunshine in Nijmegen contributes positively to the health and well-being of its inhabitants.

Moon Museum

The Moon Museum is a global art project initiated by Dutch artist and innovator, Joep van Lieshout. The project, established in 2000, involves the permanent placement of miniature ceramic artworks depicting the moon on different locations around the world. In Nijmegen, Netherlands, the Moon Museum is located on the roof of the LUX, an art house cinema and cultural center. The artwork, a small-scale replica of the moon, was installed on the rooftop terrace in 2021 as part of the city’s 2025 Smart City Citizens’ Initiative. The unique installation serves as a symbol of innovation, art, and the connection between Nijmegen and global artistic initiatives.

Nijmegen during a Lunar Eclipse

Nijmegen offers residents and visitors the opportunity to witness spectacular lunar eclipses, astronomical events that occur when the moon passes through the Earth’s shadow. During a total lunar eclipse, the moon appears to turn a deep reddish-orange hue as the Earth’s atmosphere bends the sunlight around the edge of the planet and onto the moon’s surface. The city’s location provides clear viewing conditions for these celestial events, allowing people to gather in parks, rooftops, and open areas to marvel at the phenomenon. The last total lunar eclipse visible from Nijmegen occurred in May 2022, and the next one is expected in March 2025.

Humidity Levels in Nijmegen

Nijmegen, a city in the eastern Netherlands, experiences a humid climate throughout the year. The average annual humidity hovers around 75%, with seasonal variations. During the warmer months, from May to September, humidity levels can reach up to 85%, especially during the early morning hours. This high humidity can make the air feel muggy and uncomfortable, particularly when combined with the warm temperatures.

In the colder months, from October to April, humidity levels tend to be lower, averaging around 70%. However, even during these months, humidity can spike during rainfall or foggy conditions. Overall, Nijmegen’s humid climate can impact various aspects of daily life, from personal comfort to indoor air quality and building maintenance. It is important for residents to be aware of these humidity levels and take appropriate measures for ventilation and dehumidification as needed.

Wind Patterns

Nijmegen experiences moderate wind speeds throughout the year, with an average annual wind speed of around 4.5 meters per second (10 mph). The wind direction is predominantly westerly, meaning that the wind typically blows from the west. However, during the summer months, there is a slight shift in wind patterns, with the wind blowing more frequently from the southwest. During the winter months, the wind is more likely to blow from the northwest.

Seasonal Variations

Wind speeds in Nijmegen vary slightly throughout the year. During the winter months, wind speeds are typically higher, with an average speed of around 5 meters per second (11 mph). In the summer months, wind speeds are slightly lower, with an average speed of around 4 meters per second (9 mph). The highest wind speeds are typically recorded during the autumn and winter months, while the lowest wind speeds are usually observed during the spring and summer months.

Spring and Summer (April-September)

Spring and summer are ideal times to visit Nijmegen, Netherlands. The city is alive with colorful flowers and vibrant greenery, creating a picturesque backdrop for exploring the city’s charming streets and parks. The weather is pleasant, with warm temperatures and ample sunshine. Visitors can enjoy outdoor activities such as picnicking in the Goffertpark, strolling along the Waalkade promenade, or paddling along the Waal River. Numerous festivals and events take place during this period, including the Vierdaagsefeesten (Four Days Marches) in July, a major sporting and cultural event that attracts participants from around the world.

Autumn and Winter (October-March)

Autumn and winter bring a different kind of beauty to Nijmegen. The city’s parks and gardens transform into a tapestry of warm hues as the leaves change color. The crisp autumn air is perfect for walking or cycling through the city’s historic neighborhoods, exploring the St. Stevenskerk (St. Stephen’s Church) or visiting the Museum Het Valkhof. As temperatures drop, the city takes on a cozy and festive atmosphere. Visitors can enjoy traditional Dutch cuisine at cozy cafes, sip on mulled wine at Christmas markets, or ice skate on the Waalkade when the river freezes over. While the weather may be colder, the city’s warm hospitality and lively cultural scene make it an enjoyable destination throughout the year.

The Potential of Solar Energy in Nijmegen

Nijmegen holds ample potential for solar energy utilization due to its favourable climate and abundant sunlight. The city receives an average of 1,600 hours of sunshine per year, with peak solar irradiance levels reaching 1,000 watts per square meter during summer months. This makes Nijmegen a suitable location for both residential and large-scale solar installations. Moreover, the city’s relatively flat topography and ample open spaces, such as rooftops and brownfield sites, provide numerous potential locations for solar arrays.

Local Initiatives and Success Stories

Nijmegen has actively pursued the development of solar energy within its city limits. In 2017, the municipality launched the “Zonneplan Nijmegen” initiative, aiming to install 100 megawatts of solar capacity by 2025. Numerous local initiatives have also contributed to the city’s solar progress. For instance, the Nijmegen Energy Cooperative has facilitated the installation of solar panels on hundreds of residential rooftops, empowering local communities to participate in the energy transition. Furthermore, several large-scale solar projects, such as the 13-megawatt solar farm in Ewijk, have been commissioned within Nijmegen’s vicinity, showcasing the potential for commercial-scale solar development.

Geographic Setting

Nijmegen, located in the eastern part of the Netherlands, lies within the Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt Delta. The city is predominantly flat, with a gently sloping landscape towards the Waal River. The Waal, a branch of the Rhine River, forms the southern boundary of Nijmegen and has significantly influenced its topography. The city is situated at the confluence of the Waal and the MaasWaal Canal, which meet at the Waalbrug, one of the iconic landmarks of Nijmegen.

Geologic Formations

The topography of Nijmegen is shaped by its underlying geology. The city rests upon a layer of Pleistocene river deposits, primarily composed of sands and gravels. These deposits were laid down by the Rhine River and its tributaries during the ice ages. Over time, the river’s course has shifted, resulting in the formation of terraces and floodplains along its banks. The Waal River, in particular, has carved out a deep gorge, creating a distinctive topographic feature known as the “Waal Hills.” These hills, composed of loess, a windblown sediment, rise above the surrounding landscape and offer picturesque views of the city and its surroundings.

Eindhoven Airport (EIN)

Eindhoven Airport, located approximately 25 kilometers from Nijmegen, is the closest airport to the city. Serving as the main international airport in the region, Eindhoven Airport offers flights to various destinations across Europe, including London, Dublin, Milan, and Barcelona. With its convenient location and multiple flight options, Eindhoven Airport provides an accessible gateway for travelers seeking to explore Nijmegen and its surrounding areas.

Weeze Airport (NRN)

Weeze Airport, situated approximately 35 kilometers from Nijmegen across the German border, is another airport in close proximity to the city. Primarily serving low-cost carriers, Weeze Airport offers flights to destinations within Europe, such as Berlin, Vienna, and Rome. Its budget-friendly options make it a convenient alternative for travelers seeking affordable flights to and from Nijmegen. The airport also provides shuttle bus services to facilitate easy transportation to Nijmegen and other nearby destinations.

History and Culture

Nijmegen, a city in the southeast of the Netherlands, boasts a rich history dating back over 2,000 years to the Roman era. Once known as Noviomagus, it was a major Roman settlement and later became an important trading center during the Middle Ages. The city’s historical legacy is evident in its architectural landmarks, including the Valkhof Castle, constructed on a former Roman fort, and the Grotestraat, a charming street lined with medieval buildings. Nijmegen is also home to numerous museums and cultural institutions, including the Museum Het Valkhof, which houses ancient artifacts and art, and the African Museum, showcasing the history and cultures of Africa.

Modern Day Nijmegen

Today, Nijmegen is a thriving city with a population of over 175,000. It is a major center for education, research, and industry. The city is home to Radboud University, one of the oldest and most respected universities in the Netherlands. Nijmegen is also known for its innovative and dynamic economy, with a strong focus on high-tech industries and agri-food. The city offers a vibrant urban lifestyle with a wide range of cultural and entertainment options, including theaters, cinemas, art galleries, and festivals. Nijmegen is also renowned for its beautiful natural surroundings, with the Waal River flowing through the city center and the surrounding countryside offering opportunities for outdoor recreation and relaxation.