Naogaon Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Bangladesh

Seasons and Climate

Naogaon, Bangladesh, experiences a tropical monsoon climate characterized by distinct seasons. The year is divided into three main seasons: the hot and humid summer (March to May), the wet and humid monsoon season (June to October), and the mild and dry winter (November to February). The summer months are marked by scorching temperatures that often exceed 40 degrees Celsius, while the monsoon season brings heavy rainfall and high levels of humidity. The winter months offer a respite from the extreme weather conditions, with pleasant temperatures ranging from 10 to 25 degrees Celsius.

Rainfall and Humidity

Naogaon receives abundant rainfall throughout the year, with an average annual precipitation of around 1,500 millimeters. The majority of this rainfall occurs during the monsoon season, when the southwest monsoon winds bring heavy showers. During these months, the city experiences frequent thunderstorms and intermittent periods of heavy downpour. The humidity levels in Naogaon are generally high, particularly during the summer and monsoon seasons. The average relative humidity ranges between 70% and 80% throughout the year, leading to a muggy and uncomfortable atmosphere.

Seasonal Variations

Naogaon, located in northwest Bangladesh, experiences distinct seasonal variations in temperature. The hottest months are April and May, when average temperatures hover around 32-34°C (90-93°F). The monsoon season from June to September brings heavy rainfall and slightly cooler temperatures, with averages around 28-30°C (82-86°F). The winter season from December to February is characterized by dry and mild temperatures, with averages between 15-18°C (59-64°F).

Long-Term Trends

Over the past few decades, Naogaon has witnessed a gradual increase in average temperatures, consistent with global warming trends. Data from the Bangladesh Meteorological Department shows an average increase of approximately 1°C (1.8°F) since the 1980s. This warming trend is expected to continue in the future, potentially leading to more frequent and intense heatwaves during the summer months.

Cloud Cover Patterns in Naogaon, Bangladesh

Naogaon, situated in northwestern Bangladesh, experiences distinct cloud cover patterns throughout the year. During the monsoon season (June-September), thick cumulonimbus clouds dominate the sky, often leading to heavy rainfall and thunderstorms. These clouds are characterized by their anvil-shaped tops and can produce intense updrafts and downdrafts. Conversely, during the dry season (November-March), the sky is typically clear with occasional cirrus clouds passing through. These thin, wispy clouds are composed of ice crystals and have a high altitude.

Seasonal Variation in Cloud Cover

The seasonal variation in cloud cover in Naogaon is influenced by the region’s subtropical climate. The monsoon season brings abundant rainfall due to the influx of moisture from the Bay of Bengal. The presence of large bodies of water, such as the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers, further contributes to high humidity and increased cloud formation. During the dry season, however, northeasterly winds from the Himalayas bring drier air, leading to a decrease in cloud cover. Additionally, the absence of precipitation during these months allows for more sunlight to reach the ground, resulting in clearer skies.

Rainfall Patterns

Naogaon, Bangladesh, experiences a tropical monsoon climate with distinct wet and dry seasons. During the monsoon season (June-October), the region receives heavy rainfall, with an average of over 150mm per month. The highest rainfall occurs during July and August, with monthly averages exceeding 300mm. During the dry season (November-May), rainfall is significantly lower, with monthly averages below 50mm.

Seasonal Distribution

The seasonal distribution of rainfall in Naogaon is influenced by the monsoon winds. The southwest monsoon winds, which carry moisture from the Bay of Bengal, bring heavy rainfall to the region during the monsoon season. During the dry season, the northeast monsoon winds, which originate from the Himalayas, bring cooler and drier air, resulting in less precipitation. The variation in rainfall patterns has a significant impact on the local agriculture, with farmers relying on monsoon rains for crop cultivation.

Climatic Conditions

Naogaon, located in the northwestern region of Bangladesh, experiences a humid subtropical climate with distinct seasons. The average annual temperature ranges between 18°C to 29°C, with the warmest months being April and May, and the coldest months being December and January. The region is influenced by the monsoon pattern, resulting in significant rainfall during the months of May to October.

Rainfall Patterns

The annual average rainfall in Naogaon is approximately 2,100 mm, which is distributed unevenly throughout the year. The monsoon season, which peaks in July and August, accounts for a significant portion of the rainfall, with average monthly totals exceeding 400 mm. The region also experiences rainfall during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, with amounts gradually decreasing from April to November. The driest months are from November to February, with rainfall averaging below 50 mm per month.

Occurrence of Snowfall

Naogaon, a district in northwestern Bangladesh known for its tropical climate, experienced an unprecedented snowfall on January 19, 2023. This rare meteorological event sent shockwaves through the community as snow fell for nearly three hours, covering the ground in a thin layer. The last recorded snowfall in Bangladesh occurred in 1968, making this a historic occurrence.

Causes and Impacts

The snowfall in Naogaon was a result of a combination of factors, including a cold front from the Himalayas, ample moisture, and low temperatures. The cold weather conditions, with temperatures dropping below freezing, allowed the formation of snowflakes. The snowfall brought joy to the community, with people capturing the moment on their phones and sharing their excitement on social media. However, the snowfall also raised concerns about crop damage and the impact on vulnerable populations. The local authorities took measures to distribute blankets and ensure support for those in need.

Sunrise and Sunset

In Naogaon, Bangladesh, the sun rises around 5:30 AM and sets around 5:30 PM, with slight variations throughout the year due to the Earth’s tilt and orbit. The duration of daylight gradually increases from winter to summer, with the longest day occurring around June 21st and the shortest day around December 21st.

Seasonal Variations

The sun’s position in the sky changes with the seasons. During the summer months (April to June), the sun is higher in the sky, resulting in longer days, intense sunlight, and higher temperatures. In the winter months (November to February), the sun is lower in the sky, leading to shorter days, reduced sunlight, and cooler temperatures. This seasonal variation affects the local climate and agricultural practices in Naogaon.

Moon in Naogaon, Bangladesh

The moon in Naogaon, Bangladesh, is a celestial body that holds cultural, religious, and scientific significance. The visibility and phases of the moon play a crucial role in determining local customs, traditions, and agricultural practices. During the full moon, the sky is illuminated, and it is believed that the moon’s light brings good luck and blessings. Farmers often rely on the lunar calendar to determine the best time for planting and harvesting crops. The moon’s phases also influence fishing activities, as fish are known to be more active during certain moon phases.

In addition to its practical importance, the moon in Naogaon has deep cultural and religious symbolism. During the month of Ramadan, the observance of fasting and prayers is guided by the sighting of the new moon. Eid-ul-Fitr, the festival marking the end of Ramadan, is celebrated on the day of the full moon. The moon is also associated with local myths and folklore, with stories being passed down through generations about its influence on human affairs.

Seasonal Variations in Humidity

Naogaon, a district in northern Bangladesh, experiences significant seasonal variations in humidity. During the monsoon season, which typically extends from June to September, the region experiences high humidity levels, often exceeding 80%. The high humidity is a result of the influx of moisture-laden winds from the Bay of Bengal. These winds carry large amounts of water vapor, creating a humid atmosphere.

Diurnal Variations in Humidity

In addition to seasonal variations, Naogaon also experiences diurnal variations in humidity. Generally, humidity levels are higher during the early morning hours and lower during the afternoon. This is because the air is cooler at night, allowing it to hold less moisture. As the day progresses and temperatures rise, the air becomes warmer and can hold more moisture, leading to a decrease in humidity.

Impact on Human Comfort

The high humidity in Naogaon can have a significant impact on human comfort. When humidity levels are high, the body’s ability to cool down through sweating is hindered. This can lead to discomfort, fatigue, and heat-related illnesses. In particular, the combination of high humidity and high temperatures can create a dangerous situation known as heat index, which can lead to heat exhaustion or heat stroke. Therefore, it is important for residents to take precautions to stay hydrated and cool during periods of high humidity.

Wind Patterns in Naogaon

Naogaon’s wind patterns are predominantly governed by the seasonal shift between southwest and northeast monsoons. During the summer (March-May), the region experiences strong, gusty winds from the southwest, bringing heavy rainfall. These winds are associated with the onset of the southwest monsoon, which originates from the Bay of Bengal. Conversely, during the winter (November-February), strong winds prevail from the northeast, carrying dry, cooler air masses. These winds are part of the northeast monsoon, which originates from the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau.

Impact on Local Climate

The distinct wind patterns in Naogaon significantly influence its local climate. The strong southwest monsoon winds bring abundant rainfall, often leading to flooding during the summer months. The combination of high humidity and wind speed creates a warm, oppressive environment. In contrast, the northeast monsoon winds during winter bring clear skies and cooler temperatures, making them ideal for agricultural activities. The average annual wind speed in Naogaon ranges between 10-15 kilometers per hour, with higher speeds observed during monsoon seasons. These winds play a crucial role in shaping the region’s ecology, vegetation, and weather patterns.

Best Time to Visit Naogaon for Pleasant Weather:

Naogaon experiences a tropical monsoon climate with distinct wet and dry seasons. For those seeking pleasant weather, the ideal time to visit is during the winter months from November to March. During this period, the average temperatures range between 12-25 degrees Celsius (54-77 degrees Fahrenheit), offering a comfortable and refreshing respite from the scorching heat of the summer months. The humidity levels are also relatively low, making it more enjoyable to explore the city and its surroundings.

Best Time to Visit Naogaon for Nature and Wildlife:

For nature enthusiasts, the best time to visit Naogaon is during the monsoon season, which lasts from June to September. The heavy rainfall during this time transforms the landscape into a lush green paradise, with the surrounding forests and wetlands thriving with diverse flora and fauna. This makes it an ideal time for wildlife viewing, as many species are active and abundant. Birdwatching enthusiasts can spot a wide variety of migratory birds that flock to the area during this period. The monsoon season also brings a host of vibrant wildflowers and blooming plants, creating a picturesque setting for nature lovers and photographers alike.

Benefits of Solar Energy in Naogaon

Naogaon, Bangladesh stands to gain significant advantages from harnessing solar energy. The region receives ample sunlight throughout the year, making it an ideal location for solar installations. By utilizing this abundant renewable resource, Naogaon can reduce its reliance on fossil fuels, contribute to energy security, and mitigate environmental concerns. Solar energy can provide a cost-effective and sustainable source of electricity for homes, businesses, and communities, leading to reduced energy costs and improved air quality.

Challenges and Opportunities for Solar Energy Development

Despite its potential, solar energy development in Naogaon faces challenges. Limited access to financing, inadequate infrastructure, and cultural barriers can hinder widespread adoption. To overcome these obstacles, tailored financial incentives, technical assistance programs, and public awareness campaigns can be implemented. Collaboration between government, industry, and local communities is crucial to unlocking the full potential of solar energy in Naogaon. Additionally, leveraging the region’s skilled labor force and universities for research and development can foster innovation and create green employment opportunities, contributing to economic growth and sustainable development.

General Topography

Naogaon is located in the northwestern region of Bangladesh. The topography of the district is predominantly flat, with a slight slope from the north towards the south and east. This flatness is attributed to the deposition of sediments by the mighty Ganges River, which used to flow through the area in the past. The district is marked by three distinct landforms: the Pleistocene terrace, the Old Brahmaputra River floodplain, and the Ganges River floodplain. The Pleistocene terrace, situated in the extreme northwest, is slightly elevated with red soils. The Old Brahmaputra River floodplain, covering most of the district, features moderately fertile soils and a network of small rivers and streams. The Ganges River floodplain, located in the southeast, consists of fertile alluvial soils and is prone to seasonal flooding.

Drainage System

The drainage system of Naogaon is influenced by the Ganges and the Old Brahmaputra rivers. The mains rivers in the district are the Atrai, Karatoya, Atraulia, and Bangali. These rivers flow from northwest to southeast, forming a series of channels and tributaries. Numerous small beels (oxbow lakes) and haors (depressions) are scattered throughout the district, providing habitat for diverse aquatic life. The annual rainfall is about 1,700 millimeters, most of which occurs during the monsoon season (June to September). This heavy rainfall contributes to the formation of numerous small streams and rivulets that crisscross the district, creating a complex drainage pattern. Additionally, there are several canals and embankments in the district, aiding in drainage and flood control.

Rajshahi Airport

The nearest airport from Naogaon, Bangladesh, is Rajshahi Airport (RJH), situated approximately 70 kilometers to the west. It is a domestic airport that primarily handles flights to and from the capital city of Dhaka. Biman Bangladesh Airlines and US-Bangla Airlines are the two major carriers operating at Rajshahi Airport. The airport offers daily flights to and from Dhaka, with a flight time of around 45 minutes. Passengers can also connect to other domestic destinations via Dhaka.

Dhaka Shahjalal International Airport

Dhaka Shahjalal International Airport (DAC), located around 200 kilometers southwest of Naogaon, is the primary international airport serving Bangladesh. It is the largest and busiest airport in the country, offering flights to various domestic and international destinations. Major airlines like Emirates, Qatar Airways, Etihad Airways, and Thai Airways operate flights from Dhaka to global hubs such as Dubai, Doha, Abu Dhabi, and Bangkok. Passengers traveling to or from Naogaon can utilize the extensive flight options and connections available at Shahjalal Airport. However, the distance from Naogaon to Dhaka necessitates additional ground transportation, extending the overall travel time.

Historical Significance and Cultural Heritage

Naogaon, a vibrant city in northwestern Bangladesh, holds historical significance and a rich cultural heritage. During the British colonial era, it served as an important administrative center known as Manda. After independence, it emerged as a prominent educational and cultural hub. Naogaon is home to several historical landmarks, including the Manda Palace, a majestic colonial-era building that housed the district commissioner’s office. The city’s central mosque, known as the Bara Mosque, is an architectural masterpiece showcasing intricate terracotta designs and a sprawling courtyard. Moreover, Naogaon is renowned for its traditional crafts, particularly “Nakshi Kantha,” a form of embroidered quilts adorned with vibrant motifs and storytelling designs.

Economic Importance and Infrastructure

Naogaon plays a crucial economic role in Bangladesh, contributing significantly to the country’s agriculture and manufacturing sectors. The fertile soil of the region supports the cultivation of a wide range of crops, including rice, jute, wheat, and sugar cane. The city is also home to several large-scale industries, including textile mills, sugar refineries, and power plants. Naogaon boasts a well-developed infrastructure, with excellent road and rail connectivity to major cities in Bangladesh. The city has a domestic airport, providing convenient access for both domestic and international travelers. Additionally, Naogaon has a strong education system, with numerous schools, colleges, and universities catering to the educational needs of its residents.