Mymensingh Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Bangladesh

Seasons and Temperature:

Mymensingh experiences tropical monsoon seasons, characterized by distinct wet and dry periods. The hottest months are March to May, with average temperatures reaching up to 35°C (95°F). The monsoon season, from June to October, brings heavy rainfall and occasional thunderstorms. Winters are relatively mild, with average temperatures ranging from 10°C to 20°C (50°F to 68°F). The coldest month is January, when temperatures can dip below 10°C (50°F) at night.

Rainfall and Humidity:

Mymensingh receives an average of 2,200 mm (86.6 in) of rainfall annually. The wettest months are June and July, when rainfall exceeds 400 mm (15.7 in) each. The dry season, from October to March, is characterized by significantly less rainfall, with monthly averages below 100 mm (3.9 in). Humidity levels are generally high throughout the year, with an average of around 80%. However, humidity tends to be lower during the dry season and higher during the monsoon season, when the air is saturated with moisture.

Annual Temperature Patterns

Mymensingh, situated in the north-central region of Bangladesh, experiences a tropical monsoon climate characterized by distinct seasonal variations. The average annual temperature ranges from a comfortable 25°C (77°F) to a sweltering 33°C (91°F). The warmest months of the year are April, May, and June, with average temperatures hovering around 32°C (90°F). During these months, the humidity levels soar, making the weather particularly oppressive.

Seasonal Variations

The winter months, from November to February, offer a welcome respite from the summer heat. Average temperatures during this period drop to a pleasant 20°C (68°F), providing a much-needed break from the scorching summer sun. The monsoon season, which arrives in June and lasts until September, brings heavy rainfall and a significant increase in humidity. During this time, average temperatures remain relatively high, ranging from 28°C (82°F) to 31°C (88°F). The monsoon season is followed by the post-monsoon period, which extends from October to November and is characterized by moderate temperatures and lower humidity levels.

Cloud Patterns in Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Mymensingh, a district in northern Bangladesh, exhibits a diverse range of cloud patterns due to its tropical monsoon climate. During the summer months, convective clouds dominate the sky, forming towering cumulonimbus clouds that produce frequent thunderstorms and heavy rainfall. These clouds can appear in isolated cells or as organized lines known as squall lines.

During the monsoon season from June to September, Mymensingh experiences a dramatic increase in cloud cover. Stratus clouds form a thick, uniform layer that blankets the sky, often accompanied by persistent drizzle or light rain. These clouds are associated with large-scale atmospheric instability and can persist for several days. Additionally, altostratus and cirrostratus clouds are common, producing a hazy overcast sky.

Impacts of Cloud Patterns

The cloud patterns in Mymensingh have significant implications for agriculture, water resources, and transportation. The summer thunderstorms provide much-needed moisture for crops and replenish water bodies, but can also cause flash floods and damage infrastructure. During the monsoon season, the persistent cloud cover blocks sunlight, leading to reduced crop yields and increased susceptibility to pests and diseases. The heavy rainfall can cause riverine flooding, disrupting transportation and displacing local communities.

Understanding cloud patterns is crucial for weather forecasting and disaster preparedness in Mymensingh. Accurate predictions of thunderstorm activity and monsoon rainfall are essential for farmers, water managers, and emergency response teams to make informed decisions and mitigate potential risks.

Monthly Precipitation Trends

Mymensingh, Bangladesh experiences distinct seasonal variations in precipitation throughout the year. During the wet season, which typically spans from April to October, the city witnesses heavy rainfall. The peak of the monsoon season occurs in July, averaging around 400 mm of precipitation. The monsoon brings ample moisture and rainfall, providing vital water resources for agriculture and sustaining the region’s biodiversity.

Annual Precipitation and Extreme Events

Mymensingh’s annual precipitation averages approximately 2200 mm, with the wettest months contributing a significant portion. In contrast, the dry season, extending from November to March, is characterized by significantly lower rainfall. This seasonal fluctuation is influenced by the monsoon winds and the complex weather patterns of the Bay of Bengal. Occasionally, the city experiences extreme rainfall events, such as cyclones and tropical storms, which can lead to flooding and infrastructure damage.

Distribution and Patterns

Rainfall in Mymensingh, Bangladesh is characterized by a distinctive pattern influenced by the monsoon seasons. During the southwest monsoon, which typically lasts from June to September, the region receives the majority of its annual rainfall. The months of July and August witness the highest precipitation, with an average of over 300 millimeters each. The northeast monsoon, which occurs during the winter, brings moderate rainfall, contributing to the region’s overall annual average of approximately 2,200 millimeters.

Variability and Trends

Rainfall in Mymensingh is subject to both short-term and long-term variability. Inter-annual fluctuations in precipitation can be significant, with periods of drought or excess rainfall occurring occasionally. In recent decades, there has been a trend towards increasing annual rainfall, potentially due to climate change. This trend has implications for the region’s agriculture, water resources management, and flood risk.

Snowfall in Mymensingh, Bangladesh: A Rare Occurrence

Snowfall in Mymensingh, a city in northern Bangladesh, is an extremely rare phenomenon. Due to its tropical location near the equator, temperatures in Mymensingh rarely drop below freezing. However, on rare occasions, cold fronts from the Himalayas can bring cold air to the region, resulting in snowfall.

In 2023, Mymensingh experienced snowfall for the second time in recorded history. On the morning of January 19th, a layer of thin, white snow blanketed the city. Residents awoke to a surreal sight as trees, buildings, and streets were adorned with a thin layer of snow. The snowfall lasted for several hours before melting away due to the rising temperatures. The local population was overjoyed and celebrated this rare occurrence by taking photographs and sharing their experiences on social media.

Sunrise and Sunset Times in Mymensingh

Mymensingh, a city in northern Bangladesh, is known for its beautiful sunrises and sunsets. The sunrise typically occurs around 5:30 AM, casting a golden glow over the city. As the sun rises higher in the sky, the colors deepen to a vibrant orange. The sunset is equally stunning, with the sun dipping below the horizon around 6:00 PM, creating a picturesque silhouette of the city skyline. During the summer months, the days are longer and the sunrise and sunset times vary slightly.

Seasonal Variations in Sunlight

The amount of sunlight in Mymensingh varies significantly throughout the year. During the monsoon season (June-September), the city receives heavy rainfall, which can result in overcast skies and reduced sunlight. However, during the winter months (November-February), the skies are generally clear, providing ample sunlight. The average daily sunshine hours in Mymensingh range from around 7 hours during the monsoon season to over 10 hours during the winter season. The clear skies and abundant sunlight during the winter months make it an ideal time to enjoy outdoor activities and explore the city’s many attractions.

Phases of the Moon

The moon exhibits a cycle of phases as it orbits Earth. In Mymensingh, Bangladesh, the moon’s phases can be observed clearly on cloudless nights. During the new moon phase, the moon is not visible as it is between Earth and the sun. As the moon orbits, it gradually illuminates, progressing through the crescent, first quarter, gibbous, and full moon phases. The full moon occurs when the entire face of the moon is illuminated by sunlight and is visible for a full night. After the full moon, the moon begins to wane, repeating the cycle of phases until it returns to the new moon.

Influence of the Moon

The moon’s gravitational force exerts an influence on tides, affecting the ebb and flow of water bodies. In Mymensingh, the moon’s gravitational pull influences the tides of the Brahmaputra River and its tributaries. At high tide, when the moon is closest to the Earth, the water levels rise. At low tide, when the moon is farthest from the Earth, the water levels recede. The moon’s effect on tides is particularly noticeable in coastal areas and during full and new moon phases, when the gravitational pull is strongest. Additionally, the moon’s gravitational force has subtle effects on Earth’s crust, resulting in slight changes in the elevation of the land.

Annual Humidity Trends

Mymensingh, situated in central Bangladesh, experiences notable variations in humidity levels throughout the year. The most humid period falls during the monsoon season, typically from June to September. During this time, average relative humidity ranges between 80% and 90%, creating a muggy and oppressive atmosphere. The highest humidity levels are observed in July and August, when the southwest monsoon brings abundant rainfall.

Seasonal Variations

The onset of winter, from December to February, marks a significant decrease in humidity. Average relative humidity drops to around 60-70%, making the weather pleasantly dry and comfortable. However, as the summer season approaches, humidity starts to rise again, reaching its peak during the pre-monsoon months of April and May. During this period, temperatures soar, and the humidity levels often exceed 75%, resulting in a sultry and uncomfortable climate.

Wind Conditions in Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Mymensingh, located in central Bangladesh, experiences varying wind patterns throughout the year. During the winter months (November to February), the predominant wind direction is from the north and northwest. These winds are generally cold and dry, bringing in cooler temperatures from the Himalayan region. The average wind speed during this period ranges from 2 to 4 kilometers per hour (1.2 to 2.5 miles per hour).

Seasonal Wind Variability

As the seasons change, so do the wind patterns in Mymensingh. During the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons (March to October), the wind direction shifts predominantly to the southwest. These winds are warm and moist, carrying moisture from the Bay of Bengal and contributing to the heavy rainfall that characterizes these seasons. The average wind speed during this period increases significantly, ranging from 5 to 8 kilometers per hour (3.1 to 5 miles per hour). Occasionally, strong winds associated with tropical cyclones or thunderstorms can occur during the monsoon season.

Summer Season (March-May)

Mymensingh’s summer season promises warm and humid temperatures, with an average high of 36°C (97°F). While the days can be hot, the evenings offer a pleasant respite, dipping to a comfortable range of 24-28°C (75-82°F). This season is ideal for those who enjoy warm weather and prefer to avoid the monsoons. The lush greenery and vibrant flora of Mymensingh are at their peak during this time, creating a picturesque landscape.

Winter Season (November-February)

The winter season in Mymensingh is characterized by cool and dry weather, with temperatures averaging between 12-22°C (54-72°F). Nights can get chilly, with temperatures dropping to around 10°C (50°F). This season is perfect for exploring the historical and cultural attractions of Mymensingh, such as the Mymensingh Museum and the Folklore Research Center. The clear skies and crisp air make it ideal for outdoor activities like hiking and biking.

Potential and Development

Mymensingh, a city in Bangladesh, possesses significant potential for solar energy utilization. The region receives ample sunlight throughout the year, making it an attractive location for solar power generation. Recognizing this potential, the government has initiated several initiatives to promote solar energy development. These initiatives include the launch of the “Renewable Energy Policy 2008,” which provides incentives for solar project investments. As a result, a number of solar power plants have been established in Mymensingh, contributing to the city’s clean energy portfolio.

Benefits and Challenges

Solar energy offers numerous benefits to Mymensingh. It is a renewable, clean source of energy that reduces greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. Additionally, solar power can provide affordable electricity to remote areas that lack access to traditional grids. However, the development of solar energy in Mymensingh also faces challenges. The initial investment costs associated with solar photovoltaic systems can be high, which can hinder widespread adoption. Furthermore, the intermittent nature of solar energy requires the installation of energy storage systems to ensure a reliable power supply.

Physical Features and River Systems

Mymensingh, situated in central Bangladesh, exhibits a predominantly flat and low-lying topography. The region is characterized by a network of rivers, including the Brahmaputra, Bangsi, and Buriganga. These waterways play a crucial role in shaping the physical landscape and supporting the livelihoods of local communities. The floodplains along these rivers are prone to seasonal flooding during the monsoon season, enriching the soil and creating fertile agricultural lands.

Hills and Wetlands

While the majority of Mymensingh is relatively flat, the northern part of the district features a series of hillocks and small mountains. The most prominent among these is the Madhupur National Park, a protected area known for its diverse flora and fauna. The park encompasses an area of over 100,000 acres and includes several hills that rise up to 150 meters above sea level. In contrast to the lowlands, the hills are covered in lush vegetation and feature a cooler, more humid climate. Additionally, Mymensingh boasts numerous wetlands, including the Beel Dakatia, one of the largest beels (seasonal wetlands) in Bangladesh. These wetlands provide important habitats for aquatic species and support a variety of livelihoods, including fishing and agriculture.

Osmani International Airport

Osmani International Airport (MYZ) is the primary airport serving the city of Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Located about 7 kilometers southwest of the city center, it is the second-largest airport in the country after Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport in Dhaka.

The airport was established in 1961 and initially served as a domestic airport. It was upgraded to an international airport in 1999 and underwent significant expansion and modernization in the 2000s. The airport has a single runway and a modern terminal building that can accommodate both domestic and international flights. Osmani International Airport serves as a hub for several domestic airlines, including Biman Bangladesh Airlines, US-Bangla Airlines, and Novoair. It offers direct flights to destinations within Bangladesh and neighboring countries, such as India and Nepal.

The airport also plays a significant role in the local economy by providing employment opportunities and supporting tourism in the region. The surrounding area has numerous historical and cultural attractions, including the Mymensingh Museum, the Shambhuganj Temple, and the Sherpur Zoo. Osmani International Airport is well-connected to the city center and other parts of Bangladesh by road and rail transportation, making it easily accessible for travelers.

Mymensingh: A Historical and Cultural City

Situated in the northern part of Bangladesh, Mymensingh is a city with rich historical and cultural significance. It was once the capital of the old Mymensingh district, established during the British colonial period. The city is known for its lush greenery, scenic beauty, and vibrant cultural heritage. Mymensingh is home to numerous historical sites, museums, and educational institutions, making it an important tourist and cultural center in Bangladesh.

Modern Development and Economic Hub

In recent years, Mymensingh has undergone significant modernization and economic growth. It is now a bustling city with improved infrastructure, modern amenities, and a growing industrial base. The city is a major hub for agriculture, textiles, and manufacturing. Mymensingh is also home to a number of universities, colleges, and research institutes, contributing to its reputation as a center of higher learning and intellectual discourse. The city’s strategic location on the banks of the Brahmaputra River has further facilitated its economic development and transportation connectivity, making it a significant commercial and industrial center in northern Bangladesh.