Myitkyina Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Burma

Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Myitkyina, Burma

Myitkyina, the capital city of Burma’s Kachin State, experiences a tropical monsoon climate with distinct wet and dry seasons. The city enjoys warm, humid weather year-round, with average temperatures ranging from 18.9°C (66°F) in January, the coolest month, to 30.6°C (87°F) in April and May, the warmest months. The annual average temperature is 25.1°C (77.2°F).

The wet season runs from May to October, bringing heavy rainfall to Myitkyina. During this period, the city receives an average of 2,225 millimeters (87.6 inches) of precipitation, with July and August being the wettest months. The dry season lasts from November to April and is characterized by relatively low humidity and little to no rainfall. December and January are the driest months of the year, with an average rainfall of only about 25 millimeters (1 inch) each.

Average Temperature Trends

Myitkyina, Burma exhibits a tropical monsoon climate, characterized by significant rainfall during the monsoon season and relatively dry conditions throughout the rest of the year. The average temperature in Myitkyina varies throughout the year, with distinct wet and dry seasons. During the dry season, which runs from November to April, temperatures are generally mild, with average highs ranging between 25°C and 28°C. However, during the monsoon season, which spans from May to October, temperatures rise, and humidity levels increase significantly. Average highs during the monsoon season typically reach around 32°C, with average lows remaining above 25°C.

Seasonal Variations

The hottest months in Myitkyina are April and May, when temperatures can reach up to 35°C. During these months, the intense heat and humidity can be uncomfortable for many, particularly during the afternoon hours. In contrast, the coldest months are December and January, when temperatures drop to around 15°C. While the nights can be chilly during this time, daytime temperatures remain pleasant, averaging between 22°C and 25°C. The monsoon season, which typically lasts from mid-May to mid-October, brings heavy rainfall to Myitkyina. During this period, temperatures remain high, but the increased humidity can make it feel even hotter.

Cloud Types and Characteristics

The skies above Myitkyina, Burma, are adorned with a diverse array of cloud formations. Cumulus clouds, with their puffy cotton-like appearance, are commonly observed. These clouds are associated with fair weather and indicate stable atmospheric conditions. When these cumulus clouds develop vertically, they transform into cumulonimbus clouds. These towering giants can produce thunderstorms and heavy rainfall. Cirrus clouds, on the other hand, are thin and wispy, composed of ice crystals. They are often seen in the upper atmosphere and indicate approaching weather systems.

Seasonal Variations

The cloud patterns in Myitkyina vary throughout the year due to seasonal changes. During the monsoon season from May to October, heavy cloud cover and frequent rainfall are prevalent. The skies become dominated by cumulonimbus clouds, bringing torrential downpours and thunderstorms. In contrast, the dry season from November to April experiences less cloud cover. Cumulus clouds are more common, and the skies are generally clear. However, during the transition months between seasons, a mix of cloud types can be observed, making the weather patterns more unpredictable.

Annual Precipitation:

Myitkyina, Burma experiences abundant precipitation throughout the year, with an average annual rainfall of approximately 2,400 millimeters (94.5 inches). The wet season, spanning from May to October, accounts for the majority of this rainfall, with heavy downpours and monsoon rains. During this period, the monthly precipitation can exceed 500 millimeters (20 inches). The dry season, from November to April, is characterized by significantly reduced precipitation, with monthly averages typically below 100 millimeters (4 inches).

Seasonal Variations:

The seasonal distribution of precipitation in Myitkyina is influenced by the local climate and geography. The wet season coincides with the southwest monsoon, which brings moisture-laden air from the Bay of Bengal. As the monsoon winds converge over the mountainous terrain, they rise and cool, resulting in condensation and heavy rainfall. During the dry season, the influence of the monsoon weakens, allowing for drier conditions. The city experiences its peak precipitation in July, with an average monthly rainfall of over 700 millimeters (27.6 inches). In contrast, January is the driest month, with an average precipitation of less than 10 millimeters (0.4 inches).

Climate and Geography

Myitkyina, a city in northern Myanmar (formerly Burma), experiences a tropical monsoon climate characterized by alternating wet and dry seasons. The wet season spans from May to October, influenced by the southwest monsoon, and accounts for the majority of the city’s annual rainfall. During these months, heavy rainfall, thunderstorms, and occasional cyclones are common. In contrast, the dry season, from November to April, is much drier with minimal precipitation and pleasantly warm temperatures.

Seasonal Rainfall Patterns

Myitkyina receives a substantial amount of rainfall, averaging around 2,000 mm annually. The city’s rainfall distribution shows a distinct variation throughout the year. The wettest months are June and July, with average rainfall exceeding 350 mm per month. August and September also experience significant rainfall, but their monthly averages are slightly lower. The driest month is December, when rainfall typically drops below 20 mm. The city’s rainfall patterns are crucial for local agriculture, with farmers relying on the monsoon rains to cultivate crops such as rice and vegetables.

Historical Snowfall in Myitkyina, Burma

Myitkyina, the capital of the Kachin State in northern Burma, has experienced rare and exceptional snowfall events throughout its history. The city, situated in a subtropical climate zone, typically experiences warm temperatures and abundant rainfall throughout the year. However, on certain occasions, cold air masses from the north have descended upon Myitkyina, causing temperatures to plummet and leading to snowfall.

One of the most notable snowfall events occurred in February 2015. A cold front swept across northern Burma, bringing with it frigid temperatures and heavy snow. Myitkyina was blanketed in a thick layer of white snow, a sight that had not been seen in the city for decades. The snowfall caused widespread disruption, with schools and businesses closed, and roads rendered impassable. People flocked to the streets to witness the rare phenomenon, taking photographs and marveling at the winter wonderland that had transformed their city.

Average Sunshine Hours

Myitkyina, Burma experiences a tropical monsoon climate, characterized by abundant rainfall and high humidity. Despite the ample rainfall, Myitkyina receives a significant amount of sunshine throughout the year. On average, the city enjoys over 2,800 hours of sunshine annually. The months with the highest sunshine hours are January, February, and March, with an average of over 10 hours of sunshine per day. During these months, the skies are typically clear and there is little cloud cover.

Seasonal Variations

The amount of sunshine in Myitkyina varies throughout the year, influenced by the monsoon seasons. During the southwest monsoon season, which typically lasts from May to October, the city experiences increased cloud cover and rainfall, resulting in fewer sunshine hours. The months with the lowest sunshine hours are July and August, when the skies are often overcast. In contrast, during the northeast monsoon season, which lasts from November to April, the city enjoys more sunshine as the skies become clearer and the rainfall decreases.

Astronomical Observation

From Myitkyina, the moon’s celestial dance unfolds in all its ethereal beauty. During the lunar cycle, the moon’s illumination transforms dramatically, from a thin crescent to a full orb. During new moon nights, the moon is invisible, its silhouette lost in the sun’s glare. As the moon waxes, it gradually grows fuller, until reaching its peak at full moon. At this time, the entire face of the moon is illuminated, casting a brilliant glow across the landscape. As the moon wanes, its illumination decreases, transitioning from a gibbous moon to a half moon and finally back to a crescent.

Cultural Significance

The moon holds deep cultural significance in Burma and Myitkyina is no exception. In traditional Burmese astrology, the moon plays a pivotal role in determining an individual’s personality and fortunes. Each day of the week is associated with a specific phase of the moon, and newborns are believed to inherit certain characteristics based on the moon’s position at the time of their birth. The full moon is considered a time of abundance and prosperity, while the new moon is a time for contemplation and introspection. Buddhist traditions also place importance on the moon, as it is used to mark significant religious holidays such as the Thadingyut Festival, which celebrates the end of the monsoon season.

Humidity Patterns and Trends

Myitkyina experiences high humidity throughout the year, with average relative humidity levels ranging from 70% to 90%. The humidity is influenced by the city’s tropical climate and proximity to the Ayeyarwady River. During the monsoon season, which runs from May to October, humidity levels soar, often reaching 95% or higher. This period is characterized by heavy rainfall and frequent thunderstorms, contributing to the high humidity levels. During the dry season, from November to April, humidity levels are slightly lower, averaging around 70-80%, with occasional drops to 60% or below.

Impacts of Humidity

The high humidity in Myitkyina can have various impacts on the local environment and population. High humidity levels can contribute to the formation of fog and mist, especially during the early morning and late evening. This can reduce visibility and impact transportation and outdoor activities. Additionally, the humid environment can be uncomfortable and oppressive for residents, especially during the summer months. Humidity can also affect the durability of buildings and infrastructure, as well as the growth and spread of mold and mildew. However, despite these challenges, Myitkyina’s high humidity also benefits the local ecosystem, supporting lush vegetation and contributing to the city’s rich biodiversity.

Wind Patterns

Myitkyina, Burma experiences distinct wind patterns throughout the year. During the monsoon season from May to October, the prevailing winds blow from the southwest, bringing heavy rainfall. These southwest monsoon winds are associated with the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a low-pressure zone near the equator where winds converge and ascend. The ITCZ shifts northward during the summer months, bringing the monsoon rains to Myitkyina.

Seasonal Variations

In contrast, during the dry season from November to April, the prevailing winds shift to the northeast. These northeasterly winds originate from high-pressure systems over China and Siberia and are typically dry and stable. During this time, Myitkyina experiences clear skies and low humidity. The transition between the monsoon and dry seasons is marked by periods of variable wind directions and increased wind speeds.

Shoulder Season (September-October and March-April)

The shoulder season in Myitkyina, Burma (Myanmar), offers pleasant weather with moderate temperatures. The rainy season has subsided by September, leaving behind a lush and vibrant landscape. Temperatures range from the mid-60s to mid-80s Fahrenheit, making it ideal for outdoor activities and sightseeing. October brings similar conditions, with slightly cooler nights and the occasional light rain shower. March and April mark the transition to the hot season, with temperatures gradually rising as the days get longer. However, the humidity levels remain manageable, making it a comfortable time to explore the region.

Peak Tourist Season (November-February)

The peak tourist season in Myitkyina coincides with the dry season, which runs from November to February. This period offers the best weather conditions for outdoor activities, with clear skies, low humidity, and warm temperatures. The mercury typically hovers around the mid-70s Fahrenheit during the day, dropping to the mid-50s at night. The lack of rainfall provides excellent visibility for panoramic views of the surrounding mountains and valleys. However, it’s important to note that this is also the busiest time of year, so expect larger crowds at popular attractions and accommodation prices to be higher.

Solar Energy Potential

Myitkyina, Burma, possesses immense potential for solar energy harnessing due to its abundant sunshine. The region experiences over 300 sunny days annually, with an average solar radiation of 5.5 kWh/m2/day. This favorable climate makes Myitkyina an ideal location for the installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems, which convert sunlight directly into electricity.

Opportunities and Challenges

The development of solar energy in Myitkyina offers significant economic and environmental benefits. Solar power can reduce reliance on fossil fuels, promote energy independence, and create new jobs in the renewable energy sector. Moreover, it contributes to the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and addresses the challenges of climate change. However, the implementation of solar energy projects in Myitkyina also faces challenges, including limited infrastructure, financial constraints, and the need for government support and incentives to promote widespread adoption.

Elevation and Terrain

Myitkyina, situated in northern Myanmar, lies at an elevation of approximately 150 meters (492 feet) above sea level. It occupies the southern foothills of the Patkai Range, a sub-Himalayan mountain range forming the border between Myanmar and India. The topography to the west and south is characterized by gently rolling hills and river valleys, while to the north and east, the terrain becomes more rugged, with steep slopes and higher peaks.

Rivers and Waterways

Myitkyina is nestled at the confluence of three major rivers: the Irrawaddy, Malikha, and Nantabya. The Irrawaddy, the largest river in Myanmar, flows through the city from the north and continues southward to the Bay of Bengal. The Malikha joins the Irrawaddy from the east, originating in the nearby hills. The Nantabya enters Myitkyina from the west, flowing from the Patkai Range. These rivers play a crucial role in the city’s economy and transportation, providing access to both domestic and international trade routes. They also act as a source of water for irrigation, drinking, and other purposes.

Myitkyina Airport (MYT)

Myitkyina Airport (IATA: MYT, ICAO: VYMY), also known as Myitkyina Airport, is the principal airport serving Myitkyina, the capital and largest city of Kachin State in northern Myanmar. It is located approximately 6 kilometers (3.7 mi) east of the city center. The airport has one asphalt runway, designated 17/35, which measures 2,347 meters (7,697 ft) in length and 46 meters (151 ft) in width. The airport is operated by Myanmar Airports Authority.

Myitkyina Airport offers both domestic and international flights. Domestic destinations include Yangon, Mandalay, Heho, Lashio, and Bhamo. International destinations include Kunming, China and Bangkok, Thailand. The airport is served by several airlines, including Myanmar National Airlines, Air KBZ, and China Eastern Airlines. In addition to passenger services, the airport also handles cargo flights. The airport has a small terminal building with basic amenities such as a check-in counter, baggage claim area, and a few shops and restaurants.

History of Myitkyina

Myitkyina, the capital city of Kachin State, has a rich and storied history. In the 18th century, it was a major trading post on the Irrawaddy River. During World War II, it was the site of intense fighting between the Japanese and Allied forces. The city was eventually retaken by the Allies in 1944, but it was severely damaged in the fighting. After Burma gained independence in 1948, Myitkyina became the capital of Kachin State. In recent years, the city has experienced rapid growth and development.

Culture and People of Myitkyina

Myitkyina is a culturally diverse city, home to people from a variety of ethnic groups. The Kachin people are the largest ethnic group in the city, but there are also significant numbers of Shan, Bamar, and Chinese people. Myitkyina is a vibrant and lively city, with a variety of cultural attractions. The city is home to several temples and monasteries, as well as a number of museums and art galleries. The people of Myitkyina are known for their friendly and welcoming nature. The city is also a popular tourist destination, with visitors coming from all over the world to experience its unique culture and history.