Mudanjiang Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – China


Spring and Autumn

Spring in Mudanjiang typically lasts from April to May, with average temperatures ranging from 4°C to 18°C. The weather is generally mild and pleasant, with occasional rainfall. Autumn, on the other hand, occurs from September to October, bringing with it cooler temperatures that range from -2°C to 12°C. This season is characterized by crisp air and vibrant foliage, which transforms the landscape into a breathtaking spectacle.

Summer and Winter

Summer in Mudanjiang is relatively short and lasts from June to August. During this time, temperatures soar to an average of 27°C, with plenty of sunshine and humidity. However, the city also experiences some rainfall during this season, which can provide welcome relief from the heat. Winter, in contrast, is long and cold, extending from November to March. Average temperatures during this time drop to a bone-chilling -20°C, with frequent snowstorms and freezing conditions. The city’s central location within the Heilongjiang province means it experiences extreme temperature fluctuations, with icy winds that can make outdoor activities challenging.

Average Temperature in January

Mudanjiang, located in northeastern China, experiences cold and dry winters, with January being its coldest month. The average temperature in January is -20.7°C (-5.2°F), with daily high temperatures averaging -15.5°C (4.1°F) and daily low temperatures averaging -25.7°C (-14.3°F). The city sees minimal precipitation during this month, with an average of only 2.3 mm (0.09 in). Due to the extreme coldness, outdoor activities are limited, and residents rely on heating systems to stay warm. The average humidity level in January is around 65%, adding to the discomfort caused by the low temperatures.

Average Temperature in July

In contrast to the frigid winters, Mudanjiang’s summers are warm and humid, with July being the warmest month. The average temperature in July is 23.4°C (74.1°F), with average daily high temperatures reaching 28.8°C (83.9°F) and average daily low temperatures remaining at a comfortable 18.3°C (64.9°F). The city receives a significant amount of rainfall during this month, averaging 169.9 mm (6.69 in). High humidity levels, averaging around 80%, make it feel even hotter than the actual temperature. Residents enjoy outdoor activities during this time, taking advantage of the warmer weather and participating in various summer festivals held in the city.

Clouds in Mudanjiang, China

Mudanjiang is a city located in the northeastern part of China, known for its cold and humid climate. The city is heavily influenced by Siberian air masses, which often bring cold, dry winds and frequent cloud cover. During the winter months, Mudanjiang experiences long periods of overcast skies and low cloud cover due to the cold and stable air conditions. The city also receives a significant amount of precipitation in the form of snow, with the average yearly snowfall being around 1.5 meters.

In the summer months, the weather in Mudanjiang is more variable, with periods of sunshine and cloud cover alternating. The city receives a fair amount of rainfall during this time, although it is not as frequent or intense as the snowfall during the winter. The summer months also often bring thunderstorms, which can be accompanied by heavy rain and lightning. The city’s annual precipitation is around 600 mm, with the majority of it falling during the summer months.

Annual Precipitation Pattern

Mudanjiang, a city in northeast China, experiences a continental monsoon climate with distinct seasonal precipitation patterns. The average annual precipitation ranges from 550 to 750 mm. The city’s wettest season is summer, with heavy rainfall from July to August, influenced by the East Asian monsoon. During this period, frontal systems and convective storms bring abundant moisture from the Pacific Ocean.

Seasonal Variations and Extremes

Spring and autumn are characterized by moderate precipitation, with occasional rainfall or snowfall. Winter is the driest season, with low precipitation levels due to the influence of the Siberian High and cold, dry air masses. Extreme weather events, such as torrential rains and droughts, can occur but are less frequent compared to other regions of China. The city’s annual precipitation exhibits considerable year-to-year variability, and long-term data indicate fluctuations associated with climate cycles and global weather patterns.

Average Rainfall Pattern

Mudanjiang, China, experiences a humid continental climate characterized by distinct seasons and ample rainfall throughout the year. The average annual rainfall in Mudanjiang is approximately 650 mm (25.6 inches). The wettest months occur during the summer, with July and August receiving the highest average rainfall, ranging from 140 to 160 mm (5.5 to 6.3 inches). During these months, frequent thunderstorms and heavy downpours often contribute to flash flooding in low-lying areas.

Seasonal Distribution and Variability

Rainfall is relatively evenly distributed throughout the year, with no significant dry season. However, the amount of rainfall can vary considerably from month to month and from year to year. The spring months (March to May) generally experience moderate rainfall, with monthly averages ranging from 25 to 40 mm (1 to 1.6 inches). Autumn (September to November) is slightly drier, with monthly rainfall averaging around 30 mm (1.2 inches). During winter (December to February), snowfall is common, with average monthly precipitation ranging from 5 to 15 mm (0.2 to 0.6 inches).

Heavy Snowfall Blankets Mudanjiang

The city of Mudanjiang in China has been hit by a heavy snowfall, bringing with it picturesque winter landscapes and significant disruption. The snow began falling on Sunday, and by Monday morning, the city was covered in a thick blanket of snow, with accumulations reaching over 30 centimeters in some areas. The snowfall has caused widespread transportation delays, with roads closed and flights canceled.

Impact on Daily Life and Infrastructure

The snowfall has significantly impacted the daily lives of Mudanjiang residents. Many businesses and schools have been forced to close, and public transportation services have been disrupted. The heavy snow has also put a strain on the city’s infrastructure, with power outages reported in some areas. Emergency services are working around the clock to clear the roads and restore essential services. The local government has advised residents to stay indoors and avoid unnecessary travel. The snowfall has also affected businesses, with some shops forced to close due to lack of access or customer footfall. Residents are urged to exercise caution and stay informed about the latest weather updates.

Sunrise and Sunset Times in Mudanjiang

Mudanjiang experiences beautiful sunrises and sunsets throughout the year. The exact timing of these events varies depending on the season, with earlier rises and later sunsets during the summer months. The city is located at a latitude of 44.6486° N, which impacts the length of daylight and the timing of sunrise and sunset.

During the summer solstice around June 21, Mudanjiang experiences its longest day of the year, with sunrise occurring around 4:30 AM and sunset around 9:00 PM. In contrast, during the winter solstice around December 21, the city experiences its shortest day, with sunrise occurring around 7:30 AM and sunset around 4:30 PM. On average, Mudanjiang has around 14 hours of daylight in the summer and approximately 8 hours of daylight in the winter.

Vernal Equinox Moon

During the vernal equinox in Mudanjiang, China, the moon rises from the horizon with an ethereal glow. Its silver orb casts a soft light upon the landscape, illuminating the snow-laden trees and shimmering ice formations. As the moon ascends higher into the night sky, it resembles a delicate pearl suspended amidst the celestial tapestry. The air is crisp and invigorating, carrying the scent of blooming wildflowers and the sound of distant bird calls.

Full Moon in Autumn

The full moon in autumn is a majestic sight in Mudanjiang. It emerges from behind the horizon like a radiant beacon, its golden hue illuminating the golden leaves of the surrounding trees. The moonlight casts a warm glow upon the ancient temples and pagodas that dot the landscape, creating an enchanting atmosphere. As the moon reaches its peak, it appears as a perfect circle, casting its ethereal glow upon the serene waters of the Songhua River. The night air is filled with the sound of crickets chirping and the gentle rustling of leaves on the trees.

Humidity Variation

Mudanjiang, located in the northeast of China, experiences distinct seasonal changes in humidity levels. During the cold and dry winter months from November to March, the average relative humidity hovers around 45-55%. As temperatures begin to rise in April, humidity starts to increase gradually, reaching its peak in the warm and humid summer months of July and August, when the average relative humidity climbs to 75-85%. This high humidity during the summer can create a muggy and uncomfortable feeling, particularly during the daytime.

Impact of Humidity

The fluctuating humidity levels in Mudanjiang can impact the city’s inhabitants and the environment. In winter, the dry air can cause skin irritation, respiratory problems, and increase the risk of static electricity. During the summer, the high humidity can exacerbate heat stress and make it difficult to stay cool. Additionally, high humidity can facilitate the growth of mold and mildew in homes and buildings, requiring proper ventilation and moisture control measures. Moreover, fluctuating humidity levels can affect the performance of outdoor activities, as well as the storage and preservation of goods.

Temporal Variations of Wind Speed

The annual average wind speed in Mudanjiang is around 3.4 m/s (12.2 km/h). The wind speed exhibits a distinct seasonal pattern, with the highest speeds occurring in winter and spring and the lowest speeds in summer and autumn. During the cold winter months, strong northwesterly winds prevail, bringing cold and dry air from Siberia. In contrast, summer experiences weak southeasterly winds, carrying humid and warm air from the Pacific Ocean.

Spatial Distribution of Wind Patterns

The spatial distribution of wind patterns in Mudanjiang is influenced by local topography and geographical features. The city is located in a valley surrounded by mountains, which channel and accelerate the wind. The wind speeds tend to be higher in the northern and western parts of the city, where the terrain is higher. In the southern and eastern regions, the wind speeds are generally lower due to the presence of forests and urban structures that obstruct the wind flow.

Summer (June-August)

Mudanjiang boasts an invigorating summer season, with average temperatures ranging from 18°C (64°F) to 28°C (82°F). This period offers ideal conditions for outdoor adventures, such as hiking, camping, and boating on the scenic Mudan River. Visitors can also witness the vibrant Mudanjiang Summer Festival, held from late June to early July, featuring traditional performances, cultural exhibitions, and a captivating fireworks display.

Winter (December-February)

Mudanjiang transforms into a winter wonderland during the coldest months, with temperatures plummeting below freezing. Snow blankets the city, creating a picturesque landscape. The highlight of the winter season is the renowned Mudanjiang Ice and Snow Festival, held from late December to late February. This festival showcases intricate ice sculptures, illuminated displays, and exciting winter sports activities. Visitors can go ice skating, sledding, and even experience dog sledding for an unforgettable winter adventure.

Solar Radiation and Potential

Mudanjiang, located in northeastern China, boasts an impressive solar radiation potential. The city experiences an annual average of approximately 2,600 sunshine hours, offering ample opportunities for solar energy utilization. This high solar irradiance is attributed to Mudanjiang’s geographical location, which falls within the temperate zone with long, sunny periods throughout the year.

Solar Energy Development

Recognizing the potential for solar energy, Mudanjiang has actively pursued its development. Several large-scale solar farms have been established in the region, including the 100 MW Mudanjiang Solar Farm, one of the largest in Northeast China. These projects contribute significantly to the city’s renewable energy production, reducing its dependence on fossil fuels. Moreover, the city is promoting residential and commercial solar installations through incentives and awareness campaigns, foster widespread adoption of solar technology.

Topography in Mudanjiang, China

Mudanjiang is situated in the eastern part of Heilongjiang province, China. The city covers an area of 41,027 square kilometers (15,841 sq mi) and has a population of over 2.7 million people. The topography of Mudanjiang is characterized by its rolling hills, mountains, and plains. The highest point in the city is Mount Tumenzi, which has an elevation of 1,469 meters (4,820 ft). The lowest point in the city is the Songhua River Valley, which has an elevation of 117 meters (384 ft). The city is also home to several lakes, including Lake Jingpo and Lake Xingkai.

The topography of Mudanjiang has had a significant impact on the city’s history and development. The rolling hills and mountains have provided natural barriers that have helped to protect the city from invasion. The plains have provided fertile land for agriculture, which has been the mainstay of the city’s economy for centuries. The lakes have provided a source of water for irrigation and fishing. In recent years, the city has also developed a thriving tourism industry, which is based on its natural beauty and historical sites.

The topography of Mudanjiang is a major factor in the city’s unique character. The rolling hills and mountains provide a beautiful backdrop for the city, while the plains and lakes provide a sense of peace and tranquility. The topography of the city has also shaped its history and development, and continues to play an important role in its future.

Mudanjiang Airport (MDG)

Mudanjiang Airport (MDG) is the primary airport serving the city of Mudanjiang in Heilongjiang Province, China. It is located approximately 20 kilometers from the city center and handles both domestic and international flights. The airport has one terminal building and a single runway. It is a regional airport with limited flight options, primarily connecting to major cities within China and a few international destinations.

Other Nearby Airports

In addition to Mudanjiang Airport (MDG), there are several other airports within a reasonable distance of the city. These include:

  • Harbin Taiping International Airport (HRB): Located approximately 350 kilometers from Mudanjiang, Harbin Taiping International Airport (HRB) is the largest airport in Heilongjiang Province. It offers a wide range of domestic and international flights, including connections to major cities in China, Asia, and Europe.
  • Hailar Dongshan Airport (HLD): Approximately 320 kilometers from Mudanjiang, Hailar Dongshan Airport (HLD) primarily serves the city of Hailar. It offers a limited number of domestic flights, mainly connecting to major cities in China.
  • Jiamusi Dongjiao Airport (JMS): Located around 270 kilometers from Mudanjiang, Jiamusi Dongjiao Airport (JMS) serves the city of Jiamusi. It provides domestic flights to various cities within China.

Geography and Climate

Mudanjiang, fondly known as “the City of Swans,” is a bustling metropolis located in the northeastern province of Heilongjiang, China. Situated at the confluence of the Mudanjiang and Heilongjiang rivers, it is surrounded by verdant mountains and tranquil lakes. The city encompasses an area of over 12,000 square kilometers, with a diverse landscape that ranges from rolling hills to pristine wetlands. Mudanjiang enjoys a humid continental climate, characterized by frigid winters and warm, humid summers.

History and Culture

Mudanjiang’s history dates back to the Ming dynasty, when it was known as “Mulan Town.” During the Qing dynasty, it became a strategically important trading post, connecting China with Russia and Korea. In the 20th century, the city witnessed substantial industrial development, particularly in the mining and forestry sectors. Today, Mudanjiang is a vibrant and culturally rich city, boasting numerous museums, historical landmarks, and natural attractions. Its unique blend of Manchurian, Korean, and Russian influences has shaped its distinct identity and heritage. Among the city’s notable cultural landmarks are the Mudanjiang Museum, the Heilongjiang Forestry Museum, and the Mudanjiang Swan Lake Park.