Manila Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Philippines

Temperature and Precipitation

Manila experiences tropical weather, characterized by high temperatures and ample rainfall throughout the year. The average annual temperature hovers around 27 degrees Celsius (80.6 degrees Fahrenheit), with minimal variation between months. January and February are the coolest months, averaging around 26 degrees Celsius (79 degrees Fahrenheit), while April and May are the warmest, reaching up to 28.5 degrees Celsius (83 degrees Fahrenheit). Annual rainfall averages around 2,200 millimeters (86 inches), with a distinct wet and dry season. The dry season typically lasts from November to April, while the wet season from May to October.

Humidity and Wind

Humidity levels in Manila remain consistently high throughout the year, averaging around 75%. The combination of high temperatures and humidity can make the weather feel oppressive, especially during the hotter months. However, the city enjoys a cooling breeze from the southwest monsoon during the summer months, which provides some respite from the heat and humidity. Northeasterly winds prevail during the winter months, bringing occasional cold fronts and cooler temperatures. Overall, the weather in Manila is warm and humid year-round, with distinct wet and dry seasons and occasional cooling breezes.

Monthly Average Temperatures

Manila’s monthly average temperatures exhibit a tropical climate pattern characterized by minimal temperature variation throughout the year. The hottest months are April and May, with average highs hovering around 33-34°C (91-93°F). During these months, the sun’s intense heat is felt, especially during the afternoon hours. The city experiences its wettest period in July and August, with frequent thunderstorms and heavy rainfall.

Seasonal Variations

Manila has three distinct seasons: dry, wet, and monsoon. The dry season runs from December to May, with relatively little rainfall and lower humidity. Temperatures during this time are generally comfortable, with average highs ranging from 29-31°C (84-88°F). The wet season, from June to November, brings increased rainfall and higher humidity. During this time, temperatures remain relatively stable, with average highs in the 31-33°C (88-91°F) range. The monsoon season, which occurs during the transition months of May-June and October-November, brings heavy rainfall and gusty winds, making it a challenging time for outdoor activities.

Cloud Formations in Manila

The skies of Manila, Philippines, showcase a captivating array of cloud formations, mirroring the city’s vibrant character. The most common cloud type is the stratiform, characterized by flat or layered bands that stretch across the horizon. These clouds often produce drizzle or light rain. During the late evening and early morning hours, Manila’s skies often exhibit stratocumulus clouds, which appear as clusters of rounded masses that may merge into a continuous layer. These clouds often dissipate as the day progresses.

During the afternoon, towering cumulus clouds frequently emerge, particularly in the summer months. These clouds have a puffy and rounded appearance, often resembling cotton balls. As they rise vertically, they may transform into anvil-shaped cumulonimbus clouds, which produce thunderstorms. Additionally, cirrus clouds, thin and wispy streaks of ice crystals, are occasionally visible in the upper atmosphere.

Annual Precipitation Patterns

Manila experiences tropical monsoon rainfall patterns, with distinct wet and dry seasons. The wet season typically runs from May to October, influenced by the southwest monsoon that brings abundant rainfall to the area. During this period, the city receives an average of around 1,000 mm of rain monthly. In comparison, the dry season, from November to April, is influenced by the northeast monsoon, which typically brings less precipitation. December and January are the driest months, with average rainfall of around 50 mm monthly.

Variability and Intensity

The amount and intensity of precipitation in Manila can vary significantly from year to year, influenced by factors such as El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) patterns. In years with an El Niño event, Manila often experiences below-average rainfall during the wet season and increased dryness during the dry season. Conversely, La Niña events tend to bring increased rainfall and higher chances of flooding in Manila and surrounding areas. Additionally, tropical cyclones, common in the region, can also bring torrential rains and flooding to the city.

Average Rainfall and Seasonal Patterns

Manila, the capital city of the Philippines, experiences a tropical climate characterized by ample rainfall throughout the year. The average annual precipitation is approximately 2,100 mm (82.7 inches), with rainfall distributed relatively evenly across the months. However, there are notable seasonal variations. The wet season typically extends from May to October, influenced by the southwest monsoon winds that bring moist air from the Indian Ocean. During this period, rainfall can be frequent and heavy, with occasional thunderstorms.

Influence of El Niño and La Niña

The occurrence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events can significantly impact rainfall patterns in Manila. El Niño, characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the Pacific, typically results in reduced rainfall during the December-May period. Conversely, La Niña, characterized by unusually cool ocean temperatures, often leads to increased rainfall during the same period. The influence of ENSO on rainfall variability is particularly evident during the dry season, which can become even drier during El Niño years or wetter during La Niña years.

Historical Rarity of Snowfall in Manila

Historically, snowfall has been an extremely rare occurrence in Manila, the capital city of the Philippines. The country is located near the equator, and its tropical climate typically precludes the formation of snow. However, on rare occasions, cold fronts from the north have brought unseasonably low temperatures to Manila, resulting in the formation of snow flurries. The last recorded snowfall in Manila occurred on February 25, 1972, when a cold front brought freezing temperatures to the city.

Geographic Factors Contributing to Manila’s Snowfall

Manila’s geographic location plays a significant role in its lack of snowfall. The city is situated at low altitudes and is close to the coast. This proximity to warm ocean currents helps to moderate the city’s climate, preventing the formation of snow. Additionally, the mountainous regions of the Philippines are located in the north and east of Manila, which helps to block cold fronts from reaching the city. As a result, snowfalls in Manila are extremely rare and typically very light.

Historical Significance

Manila, as the capital of the Philippines, holds immense historical significance. It served as the administrative center of the Spanish colonial government for over three centuries, shaping the city’s architectural landscape, cultural identity, and economic infrastructure. The establishment of Intramuros, the walled city within Manila, marked the beginning of Spanish rule in 1571. This period witnessed the construction of iconic landmarks such as the San Agustin Church, Fort Santiago, and the Manila Cathedral, which continue to stand as testaments to the city’s rich heritage. Additionally, Manila became a major trading hub for Southeast Asia and acted as the gateway for the galleon trade between the Philippines and Mexico.

Cultural Vibrant

Manila is a cultural melting pot, reflecting the diverse influences of its history and geography. The city is home to a vibrant arts and culture scene with numerous museums, art galleries, and theaters. The National Museum complex houses a vast collection of Filipino art, history, and culture, while the Cultural Center of the Philippines showcases the country’s performing arts. The city’s culinary scene is equally diverse, offering a blend of traditional Filipino dishes and international fare. From street food stalls to fine-dining establishments, Manila caters to every palate. The Filipino tradition of hospitality and community is strongly evident in the city, with numerous festivals and celebrations held throughout the year.

Full Moon in Manila

The full moon in Manila, Philippines, is a spectacle that is worth witnessing. The normally clear and bright night sky transforms into a canvas painted with a golden hue. The moon takes center stage, casting an ethereal glow upon the city, highlighting its iconic structures and captivating waterways. It is a night when the metropolis takes on a different charm, inviting both locals and tourists to take a leisurely stroll, enjoy a romantic dinner, or simply marvel at the beauty of nature.

As the full moon reaches its peak, it appears larger and brighter than usual, creating a captivating sight. The Pasig River, which meanders through the heart of Manila, reflects the moonlight, adding to the magical ambiance. Buildings like the Intramuros Walls, Manila Cathedral, and the Cultural Center of the Philippines are transformed into stunning silhouettes, their architectural details accentuated by the cascading moonlight. The full moon in Manila is a time for reflection, celebration, and appreciation of the city’s unique beauty.

Mean Relative Humidity in Manila

Manila’s climate is characterized by high humidity throughout the year. The mean relative humidity ranges from around 70% to 85%, depending on the season and time of day. During the wet season (June to November), the humidity is particularly high, often exceeding 80%. This is due to the convergence of the southwest and northeast monsoon winds, which bring moisture-laden air over the city.

In contrast, during the dry season (December to May), the humidity is more moderate, with mean relative humidity values typically below 75%. However, even during the dry season, the humidity can still be quite noticeable, especially during the early morning and evening hours. This is because the city is situated on a low-lying plain near the coast, and the sea breeze can carry moisture inland.

Wind Patterns in Manila, Philippines

Manila, the bustling capital of the Philippines, experiences a tropical monsoon climate characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons. The city’s wind patterns fluctuate throughout the year, influenced by the Southwest and Northeast Monsoons. During the wet season, from June to October, the Southwest Monsoon prevails, bringing strong, moisture-laden winds from the southwest. These winds bring abundant rainfall, often resulting in heavy downpours and thunderstorms.

In contrast, the dry season, which lasts from November to May, is marked by the influence of the Northeast Monsoon. These winds originate from the northeast, bringing cooler and drier air. Wind speeds during the dry season are generally lighter, leading to less precipitation. However, occasional cold fronts associated with the Northeast Monsoon can cause brief periods of strong winds and thunderstorms. The transition periods between the wet and dry seasons, known as the shoulder months of May and October, often bring variable wind patterns and unpredictable weather conditions.

Best time for favorable weather

The best time to visit Manila for favorable weather is during the dry season, which typically runs from November to April. During this time, the skies are clear and sunny, with minimal rainfall. The temperature is also relatively mild, ranging from 25 to 32 degrees Celsius (77 to 90 degrees Fahrenheit). This makes it ideal for outdoor activities such as sightseeing, shopping, and beach hopping. However, it’s important to note that the dry season can also be slightly hazy due to air pollution, especially during the months of February and March.

Best time for cultural festivities

If you’re looking to experience Manila’s vibrant cultural festivities, the best time to visit is during the months of January to May. This is when the city hosts some of its most popular events, including the Chinese New Year, Lantern Festival, and the Sinulog Festival. During these festivals, the streets of Manila come alive with colorful parades, traditional music and dance performances, and a lively atmosphere. You’ll have the opportunity to immerse yourself in the local culture and witness the city’s rich heritage firsthand. However, it’s worth noting that these festivals can also attract large crowds, so be prepared for potential congestion and plan your itinerary accordingly.

Potential for Solar Energy in Manila

Manila, the capital city of the Philippines, has a high potential for solar energy utilization. The city experiences an average of 5.5 peak sunlight hours per day, with a total of over 2,000 sunshine hours annually. This ample sunlight makes solar energy a viable and sustainable alternative energy source for Manila.

Benefits of Solar Energy in Manila

Adopting solar energy can offer numerous benefits for Manila. Solar power can significantly reduce electricity bills, as it generates free and abundant energy from the sun. Additionally, solar energy is clean and renewable, contributing to reducing carbon emissions and air pollution in the city. By embracing solar energy, Manila can promote sustainable development and contribute to a cleaner and healthier environment.

Flatlands and the Pasig River

Manila’s topography is characterized by extensive flatlands. The city is situated on the western side of the Pasig River, which divides it into two main districts: Manila and Quezon City. The flatlands stretch from the river’s mouth in the Manila Bay to the foothills of the Sierra Madre Mountains in the east. The low-lying nature of the area makes it prone to flooding during heavy rains. The Pasig River has historically played a vital role in transportation and trade, linking Manila Bay to the Laguna de Bay, a large lake in the south.

Upland Areas and Hills

Beyond the flatlands, the topography of Manila becomes more hilly. The San Juan Hills, located in the northern part of the city, provide panoramic views of the surrounding areas. Other notable hills include the Zapote Bridge Hill and the Balara Filter Plant Hill in Quezon City. These upland areas offer respite from the dense urban environment and provide recreational opportunities such as hiking and biking. The hills also serve as a buffer against the frequent typhoons that hit the city, reducing the risk of flooding in the lowlands.

Nearest Airport in Manila, Philippines: Ninoy Aquino International Airport (MNL)

Ninoy Aquino International Airport (MNL), officially known as Manila International Airport, is the primary aviation gateway to Manila, the capital of the Philippines. Located approximately 7 kilometers south of Makati, the country’s main business district, MNL handles both domestic and international flights. The airport is the busiest in the Philippines, serving over 45 million passengers annually and offering connections to major destinations across Asia, the Middle East, Europe, and North America.

MNL has four passenger terminals and two runways. Terminal 1 primarily serves domestic flights, while Terminals 2, 3, and 4 cater to international operations. The airport is equipped with modern amenities such as free Wi-Fi, duty-free shops, restaurants, ATMs, and currency exchange counters. In addition, MNL provides ground transportation options such as taxis, buses, and rental cars to facilitate passenger travel to and from the city center and nearby areas.

Culture and History

Manila, the bustling capital of the Philippines, is a vibrant melting pot of cultures and traditions. Its rich history can be traced back to the pre-colonial era, when it was a thriving maritime center. Over the centuries, Manila has been influenced by Spanish, Chinese, American, and other cultures, resulting in a unique and eclectic blend that is reflected in its architecture, cuisine, and customs. From the historic Walled City of Intramuros to the vibrant streets of Binondo and Quiapo, Manila is a living testament to its rich and diverse heritage.

Modern Metropolis

Today, Manila is a bustling metropolis that combines historical charm with modern amenities and infrastructure. It is the economic, political, and cultural hub of the Philippines, and home to numerous skyscrapers, shopping malls, restaurants, and cultural institutions. The city’s vibrant nightlife and energetic entertainment scene attract both locals and tourists alike. Manila is also a major transportation hub, with its international airport serving as a gateway to the rest of the country and Southeast Asia. As the center of government and commerce, Manila plays a crucial role in shaping the Philippines’ future while preserving its cultural legacy.