Larnaca Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Cyprus
Summer in Larnaca
Larnaca experiences a hot, dry summer from May to October, with an average temperature of 27°C (81°F). July and August are the hottest months, with average highs reaching 32°C (90°F). The air is typically humid, and there is little precipitation. The lack of precipitation and high humidity can make the heat feel oppressive, especially during the afternoon hours. The sea offers a welcome respite from the heat, with average water temperatures reaching 28°C (82°F).
Winter in Larnaca
Winter in Larnaca is mild and wet, with an average temperature of 12°C (54°F). Rain is more frequent during the winter months, but it is still generally light and sporadic. The rainiest month is December, with an average rainfall of 76 millimeters (3 inches). Snow is rare, but it has been known to occur on occasion. The winter months are also the windiest, with strong gusts blowing from the northwest. Despite the rain and wind, Larnaca remains a pleasant place to visit during the winter months, with plenty of sunshine to enjoy.
Summer in Larnaca
Larnaca has a Mediterranean-type climate, with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. Summertime temperatures in Larnaca are consistently high, averaging in the mid-30s Celsius (90s Fahrenheit). July and August are the hottest months, with average highs of 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit). The humidity levels during the summer months are relatively low, making the heat feel less oppressive. The sun shines brightly for an average of over 12 hours a day throughout the summer, providing ample opportunities for beachgoers and sunbathers to enjoy the coastal beauty of Larnaca.
Winter in Larnaca
Winter temperatures in Larnaca are mild and wet, with average temperatures in January and February hovering around 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit). The weather during these months is characterized by frequent rainstorms and overcast skies. However, despite the rain, Larnaca still experiences an average of 5-6 hours of sunshine per day during the winter months. The humidity levels during winter are higher compared to summer, making the air feel damp and chilly at times. The average wind speed during winter is moderate, and although the wind chill can be noticeable, it is not as severe as in some other regions.
Cloud Types
Larnaca experiences a variety of cloud formations influenced by its Mediterranean climate and proximity to the coastline. Common cloud types include:
- Cirrus clouds: Thin, wispy clouds composed of ice crystals, often appearing high in the atmosphere.
- Cumulus clouds: Puffy, cotton-like clouds associated with fair weather.
- Stratus clouds: Flat, gray layers of clouds, often covering the entire sky and indicating overcast conditions.
- Altostratus clouds: Similar to stratus clouds but appearing at higher altitudes and often preceding rainfall.
The distribution and types of clouds in Larnaca are influenced by seasonal weather patterns. During the summer, cirrus and cumulus clouds are prevalent, while in the winter, stratus and altostratus clouds become more common.
Cloud Cover and Precipitation
Cloud cover in Larnaca varies throughout the year, affecting sunshine hours and precipitation patterns. The summer months experience the lowest cloud coverage, with an average of 2-3 oktas (eighths of the sky covered by clouds). This allows for ample sunshine and warm temperatures. In contrast, winter months witness higher cloud cover, with an average of 4-6 oktas. This thicker cloud cover reduces sunshine hours and increases the likelihood of precipitation.
The type and amount of cloud cover also influence the amount of precipitation received in Larnaca. Cirrus clouds are typically associated with fair weather, while cumulus clouds can indicate showers. Stratus and altostratus clouds often bring prolonged periods of drizzle or light rain. The highest levels of precipitation in Larnaca occur during the winter months, when these types of clouds are more prevalent.
Annual Precipitation
Larnaca, situated on the southeastern coast of Cyprus, experiences a semi-arid climate with moderate precipitation throughout the year. Annual precipitation averages around 355 millimeters (14 inches), significantly lower than the national average. Winter, from November to February, accounts for the majority of rainfall, with December being the wettest month, receiving an average of 93 millimeters (3.66 inches). Summer months, from June to September, are typically dry, with minimal rainfall.
Seasonal Variability
The distribution of precipitation in Larnaca exhibits notable seasonal variability. The wet season coincides with the winter months, bringing substantial rainfall and occasional storms. The average number of rainy days during this period ranges from 10 to 15. In contrast, summer is characterized by prolonged dry spells, with an average of only 2-3 rainy days per month. During these months, temperatures soar, and humidity levels remain low, contributing to the arid conditions. Rainfall intensity is typically moderate during the wet season, with occasional heavy downpours.
Seasonal Distribution of Rainfall
Rainfall in Larnaca, Cyprus, is characterized by a distinct seasonal pattern. The wet season spans from November to April, with the heaviest rainfall occurring in December and January, when the island is influenced by Mediterranean cyclones. During these months, Larnaca typically experiences frequent and intense rainstorms, often accompanied by strong winds and thunder. In contrast, the dry season runs from May to October, with very little rainfall. During this period, Larnaca’s climate is hot and arid, with occasional thunderstorms providing brief respite from the heat.
Annual Rainfall and Variability
Larnaca receives an average of around 350 millimeters of rainfall annually. However, annual precipitation can vary significantly from year to year due to the influence of large-scale climate patterns such as the North Atlantic Oscillation. In wet years, Larnaca can receive over 500 millimeters of rainfall, while in dry years, it may receive less than 200 millimeters. The variability of rainfall can have a considerable impact on water availability and agricultural practices in the region. As climate change progresses, it is anticipated that rainfall patterns in Cyprus may become more extreme, with longer and more severe droughts alternating with periods of heavy rainfall.
Historical Snowfall in Larnaca
Larnaca, Cyprus, is known for its warm Mediterranean climate. However, in rare instances, the city experiences snowfall. On January 13, 2015, Larnaca witnessed a historic snowfall event that blanketed the city in a layer of white. The snowfall lasted for several hours, much to the delight and surprise of the local residents.
This snowfall was particularly significant as it was the first time in over two decades that Larnaca had experienced such an event. The snow brought joy to children and adults alike, who built snowmen and had snowball fights. The snow also disrupted traffic and caused power outages, but the overall experience was one of wonder and amazement.
Summer Sun in Larnaca
Larnaca, located on the southeastern coast of Cyprus, experiences abundant sunshine throughout the summer months. The city enjoys long periods of clear skies and scorching temperatures, making it an ideal destination for sun-seekers. From June to September, the average daily sunshine hours range from 12 to 14, providing ample opportunities to bask in the Mediterranean sun. The relentless heat during this time can reach highs of over 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit), but the cooling Mediterranean breeze offers some respite from the intense temperatures.
Sun Safety in Larnaca
While the sun in Larnaca is a welcome respite from the European winter, it is essential to ensure adequate sun safety measures are taken. Prolonged exposure to the intense summer rays can lead to sunburns, dehydration, and heat stroke. Visitors are advised to wear sunscreen with a high SPF rating, seek shade during the peak hours of 11 a.m. to 3 p.m., and stay well-hydrated by consuming plenty of fluids. Wearing light-colored, loose-fitting clothing can also aid in preventing sun-related ailments. By following these precautions, visitors can safely enjoy the sun-kissed beaches and outdoor activities that Larnaca has to offer.
Annual Humidity Patterns
Larnaca, Cyprus, experiences significant variations in humidity throughout the year. During the summer months (June to September), humidity levels tend to be higher due to the warm Mediterranean climate. Average relative humidity during this period ranges between 60% to 80%, with occasional peaks exceeding 90%. Higher humidity levels can lead to uncomfortable conditions, especially during the day when temperatures are at their peak.
In contrast, winter months (December to March) see a noticeable decrease in humidity. Relative humidity typically falls between 40% to 60% during this time, as cooler temperatures and reduced evaporation contribute to drier air. However, occasional periods of high humidity can occur during winter due to the influence of passing weather systems.
Diurnal Humidity Variations
In addition to seasonal variations, humidity in Larnaca also exhibits diurnal patterns. During the day, as temperatures rise, humidity levels tend to decrease as the air becomes warmer and can hold more moisture. Peak temperatures typically occur in the afternoon, coinciding with the lowest humidity values of the day.
As the sun sets and temperatures cool, humidity levels begin to rise again. This is because cooler air has a reduced capacity to hold moisture, causing condensation and an increase in relative humidity. Consequently, the highest humidity levels in Larnaca often occur during the early morning hours before sunrise.
Wind Patterns in Larnaca, Cyprus
Larnaca, a coastal city in Cyprus, experiences distinct wind patterns throughout the year. The prevailing wind direction during the summer is from the northwest, commonly known as the “Etesians” or “Meltemi.” These winds are characterized by their strong and persistent nature, providing a cooling breeze during the hot summer months.
During the winter, the wind direction shifts to the southwest, known as the “Notos” or “Giro.” These winds are typically milder than the Etesians and bring with them increased humidity and occasional rainfall. Additionally, during the spring and autumn transitional periods, variable wind patterns are observed, often influenced by passing weather systems and local topography.
Impact of Wind on Climate in Larnaca
The prevailing winds have a significant impact on the climate of Larnaca. The Etesians help regulate summer temperatures, keeping them from reaching extreme highs. The consistent breeze provides relief from the heat, making outdoor activities and beach visits more enjoyable. On the other hand, the Notos winds during winter bring with them increased cloud cover and precipitation, contributing to the city’s mild and wet winters.
Furthermore, the wind patterns also influence the local marine environment. The Etesians generate waves and currents that shape the coastline and distribute marine nutrients. Additionally, the winds play a role in the dispersion of pollutants and air quality in the city.
Peak Season (May-October):
Larnaca enjoys a long, warm season that attracts tourists from May to October. Temperatures hover between 20-35°C (68-95°F), offering plenty of sunshine for beach days and outdoor activities. The sea temperature also reaches a pleasant 24-28°C (75-82°F) during this period, making it ideal for swimming, snorkeling, and diving. The peak season also coincides with various festivals and events, including the Larnaca Festival in September, which features cultural performances, concerts, and exhibitions.
Shoulder Season (April-November):
Before and after the peak season, Larnaca offers a milder climate with fewer crowds. April and November temperatures range from 15-25°C (59-77°F), providing comfortable conditions for sightseeing and exploration. The shoulder season is a great time to visit Larnaca’s historical sites, such as the Larnaca Fort and the ancient Kition ruins. While the sea may be slightly cooler during these months, it’s still warm enough for swimming and water sports.
Potential for Solar Energy in Larnaca, Cyprus
Larnaca, a coastal city in southeastern Cyprus, boasts exceptional solar energy potential. The city receives an average of 320 sunny days per year, with an estimated solar radiation of 1,900 kWh/m2 annually. This favorable solar resource makes Larnaca an ideal location for harnessing solar energy. The installation of solar panels could significantly reduce dependence on fossil fuels and contribute to the city’s environmental sustainability.
Applications of Solar Energy in Larnaca
The adoption of solar energy in Larnaca has been steadily increasing. The city has implemented various initiatives to promote the use of solar technology, including residential rooftop solar installations and commercial solar projects. Rooftop solar systems allow homeowners and businesses to generate their own electricity while reducing utility bills. Commercial solar projects, such as solar farms and solar-powered installations in public buildings, provide large-scale renewable energy sources. By embracing solar energy, Larnaca can mitigate its carbon footprint, improve energy security, and foster sustainable development.
Coastal Plain
The topography of Larnaca, Cyprus, is dominated by the extensive coastal plain that stretches along the southeastern coast of the island. This plain is characterized by its flat and gently sloping terrain, with an average elevation of less than 10 meters above sea level. The coastal plain is composed primarily of alluvial deposits, including sand, silt, and clay, which have been deposited over time by the nearby Kouris River and other smaller tributaries. The coastal plain provides a fertile and well-drained area for agriculture, and is home to numerous citrus groves, vineyards, and other crops.
Salt Lake
A prominent feature of the Larnaca coastal plain is the Larnaca Salt Lake, also known as Aliki or Larnaka. This shallow lake is located in the southern part of the coastal plain and covers an area of approximately 2.2 square kilometers. The salt lake is fed by seawater that seeps into the area through porous limestone formations and evaporates during the hot summer months. The resulting accumulation of salt has been harvested for centuries and remains an important industry in the Larnaca area. The salt lake also supports a unique ecosystem, including various species of birds and other wildlife.
Larnaca International Airport (LCA)
Larnaca International Airport (LCA) is the main airport serving the city of Larnaca in Cyprus. It is located about 4 miles (6 kilometers) southwest of the city center and is the largest airport in the country. LCA handles over 8 million passengers annually and is a vital transportation hub for both domestic and international travel.
The airport features a single passenger terminal, which has been expanded and modernized in recent years. It offers a wide range of amenities, including duty-free shops, restaurants, cafes, and currency exchange services. LCA also has its dedicated arrivals and departures areas, as well as multiple baggage claim carousels. Additionally, the airport provides ample parking spaces for both short-term and long-term parking needs.
History of Larnaca
Larnaca is a bustling port city on the southeastern coast of Cyprus, steeped in a rich and fascinating history. Archaeological excavations have uncovered evidence of human habitation in the area dating back to the Neolithic period. Larnaca rose to prominence during the Bronze Age, becoming a key trading hub for copper and other goods. In the Hellenistic era, it was known as Citium and served as the capital of the island-kingdom of Kition. Successive civilizations left their mark on Larnaca, including the Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, and Ottomans.
Larnaca Today
Modern-day Larnaca is a vibrant metropolis with a population of over 80,000. It is known for its Mediterranean charm, beautiful beaches, and lively atmosphere. The city boasts excellent transportation links, including an international airport and ferry connections. Larnaca is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors with its ancient ruins, museums, and picturesque harborfront. The city is also home to a diverse culinary scene, offering a blend of traditional Cypriot dishes and international cuisine.