Koudougou Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Burkina Faso

Climate

Koudougou, situated in Burkina Faso, experiences a tropical savanna climate, characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons. The city’s climate is influenced by its proximity to the equator, resulting in warm to hot temperatures throughout the year. The average annual temperature hovers around 28 degrees Celsius (82.4 degrees Fahrenheit). During the wet season, which typically lasts from May to October, heavy rainfall dominates the weather patterns, with an average annual precipitation of around 1,000 millimeters (39.4 inches). The dry season, extending from November to April, is characterized by minimal precipitation and increased humidity.

Average Weather Year Round

In the hottest months, March and April, temperatures rise to a maximum of about 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit), while the cooler months of December to February experience average minimum temperatures around 16 degrees Celsius (60.8 degrees Fahrenheit). Humidity levels fluctuate throughout the year, reaching their peak during the wet season, contributing to the discomfort index. The average wind speeds remain relatively constant throughout the year, with a gentle breeze often present.

Historical Average Temperatures

Koudougou, located in the western region of Burkina Faso, experiences a warm and dry climate throughout the year. The city has two distinct seasons: a dry season and a rainy season. During the dry season, which lasts from October to May, temperatures are consistently high, with average highs hovering around 35-40 degrees Celsius (95-104 degrees Fahrenheit). Nighttime temperatures during this period typically fall to a comfortable range of 20-25 degrees Celsius (68-77 degrees Fahrenheit).

Seasonal Variations

The rainy season runs from June to September and brings with it a slight decrease in temperatures. Average highs during this period range from 30-35 degrees Celsius (86-95 degrees Fahrenheit), providing some respite from the intense heat of the dry season. Nighttime temperatures during the rainy season remain relatively steady, averaging around 20-25 degrees Celsius (68-77 degrees Fahrenheit). The city experiences its highest temperatures in March and April, with average highs reaching up to 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit), while the coolest months are December and January, with average lows dropping to 15-20 degrees Celsius (59-68 degrees Fahrenheit).

Cloud Formations

The clouds that adorn the sky over Koudougou, Burkina Faso, showcase a diverse array of formations and characteristics. Cumulus clouds, characterized by their puffy white appearance, often dominate the sky during fair weather conditions. These clouds typically signify stable atmospheric conditions and can provide shade from the scorching sun. Cirrus clouds, on the other hand, appear as thin, wispy streaks and tend to indicate high altitudes and dry air. Their presence often portends clear skies and pleasant weather.

Cirrocumulus Clouds

One particularly interesting cloud formation that frequently graces the skies of Koudougou is cirrocumulus. These clouds manifest as small, rounded clumps that resemble popcorn and often occur in vast sheets at high altitudes. Cirrocumulus clouds are typically composed of ice crystals and indicate the presence of moisture in the upper atmosphere. Their presence can sometimes hint at the approach of a weather front or the formation of larger cloud systems.

Seasonal Patterns of Precipitation

Precipitation in Koudougou, Burkina Faso, follows a distinct seasonal pattern characterized by two prominent rainy seasons and two dry seasons. The main rainy season, known as “hivernage,” typically spans from May to September, with peak precipitation occurring in August. During this period, the city experiences frequent heavy downpours and thunderstorms, bringing substantial rainfall. The second rainy season, known as the “petit hivernage,” occurs from October to November but is generally shorter and less intense.

Annual Precipitation and Variability

Koudougou receives an average annual precipitation of around 800-900 mm. However, yearly rainfall can vary significantly, influenced by factors such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and other climate patterns. During El Niño years, precipitation tends to be lower, while during La Niña years, it is typically higher. Additionally, rainfall distribution within the city can be uneven, with some areas receiving more precipitation than others.

Annual Rainfall Pattern

Koudougou, Burkina Faso, experiences a distinct tropical wet and dry climate. Rainfall is concentrated during the wet season, which typically extends from May to October. During these months, heavy downpours are frequent, leading to an annual average rainfall of around 1,000 mm. The wet season is crucial for agriculture and water resources, as the majority of the year’s precipitation falls within this period.

Rainfall Variability

Rainfall in Koudougou exhibits significant variability from year to year. Droughts, characterized by below-average rainfall, occur occasionally and can have severe impacts on livelihoods. The most notable drought in recent history was in 2016, when the city received only 630 mm of rainfall, causing widespread crop failures and water shortages. Conversely, above-average rainfall can lead to flooding, damaging infrastructure and farmland. In 2019, Koudougou experienced heavy rainfall that resulted in flash flooding, destroying homes and displacing residents.

Snowfall in Koudougou, Burkina Faso: A Rare Occurrence

Snowfall in Koudougou, Burkina Faso, is an extremely rare occurrence due to its location near the equator. The last known snowfall was in 1994, when a light dusting of snow covered the city. Since then, there have been no confirmed reports of snowfall in the area.

The climate of Koudougou is typically tropical, with warm temperatures and ample rainfall throughout the year. The average temperature ranges from 25°C (77°F) to 35°C (95°F), and the humidity is generally high. The city experiences two main seasons: a rainy season from April to October and a dry season from November to March. During the dry season, the weather is generally hot and dry, with occasional dust storms.

Sunrise and Sunset in Koudougou

The exact timing of sunrise and sunset in Koudougou, Burkina Faso, varies throughout the year due to the Earth’s tilt and the city’s proximity to the equator. During the months of September and March, the days are nearly equal in length, with sunrise occurring around 6:00 AM and sunset around 6:00 PM local time. The longest day of the year is June 21st, during which the sun rises at approximately 5:45 AM and sets around 6:45 PM. In contrast, the shortest day of the year is December 21st, when the sun rises at approximately 6:45 AM and sets around 5:45 PM.

Sunlight and Temperature

Koudougou experiences ample sunlight throughout the year, with an average of 3,000 sunshine hours annually. The hottest months are April and May, when temperatures can reach up to 40°C (104°F) during the day. From June to September, during the rainy season, temperatures are slightly cooler and range between 25-35°C (77-95°F). Following the rainy season, from October to March, temperatures are at their most mild and comfortable, typically ranging between 20-30°C (68-86°F). The humidity levels in Koudougou are generally low, making the heat more bearable.

Appearance and Phases

In Koudougou, Burkina Faso, the Moon exhibits various appearances throughout its cycle. During the new moon phase, it is completely invisible as it aligns directly between the Earth and the Sun. As the Moon waxes, it gradually becomes a thin crescent, illuminating a small portion of its disk. With each passing night, the crescent grows larger, transitioning into a half moon, then a gibbous moon, and finally a full moon. During the full moon phase, the entire disk of the Moon is illuminated, casting a bright glow upon the night sky.

Cultural Significance

The Moon holds significant cultural importance in Koudougou. It has influenced local beliefs, traditions, and storytelling. In traditional animistic practices, the Moon is often associated with gods, spirits, and ancestors. Certain lunar phases are believed to bring good fortune or misfortune, influencing agricultural practices and social events. Additionally, the Moon serves as a natural calendar, guiding farmers in their planting and harvesting schedules. Its glow illuminates the night, facilitating nighttime activities such as travel and social gatherings.

Seasonal Humidity Patterns

In Koudougou, Burkina Faso, the humidity levels fluctuate significantly throughout the year. During the dry season, which runs from November to April, humidity levels are generally low, averaging between 20-40%. This is due to the influence of the dry and dusty Harmattan wind that blows from the Sahara desert.

During the wet season, which extends from May to October, humidity levels increase substantially, reaching an average of 60-80%. The arrival of the monsoon rains brings more moisture into the atmosphere, resulting in higher humidity levels. Peak humidity occurs during the months of July and August, coinciding with the heaviest rainfall.

Impact on Health and Comfort

The high humidity levels during the wet season can have a noticeable impact on health and comfort. Excessive humidity can lead to an increase in heat index values, making it feel hotter than the actual temperature. This can cause discomfort, dehydration, and heat-related illnesses such as heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke.

Additionally, high humidity can create favorable conditions for the growth of mold, mildew, and bacteria, which can trigger allergies and respiratory problems for some individuals. Ventilating indoor spaces and using air conditioners or dehumidifiers can help to reduce humidity levels and improve comfort.

Wind Patterns in Koudougou

Koudougou, located in central Burkina Faso, experiences distinct wind patterns influenced by its tropical savanna climate. Throughout the year, the prevailing wind direction is from the southwest. These moist and warm winds originate from the Gulf of Guinea and bring precipitation to the region. During the dry season (October – April), the harmattan, a dry and dusty wind from the northeast, can periodically blow over the city. The harmattan can cause hazy conditions and reduce visibility.

Wind Speed and Variability

The wind speed in Koudougou varies throughout the year. During the dry season, the harmattan brings strong, gusty winds. Average wind speeds can reach 20-30 kilometers per hour (12-18 miles per hour). In the rainy season (May – September), the wind tends to be calmer, with average speeds around 10-15 kilometers per hour (6-9 miles per hour). However, during thunderstorms, strong gusts of wind can occur. The variability in wind speed is influenced by the interplay between the southwest monsoon and the harmattan.

Dry Season (November – April)

The dry season in Koudougou offers the most favorable conditions for exploration. The lack of precipitation significantly reduces humidity and provides a comfortable atmosphere for outdoor activities. Temperatures range from a pleasant 24°C to a warm 35°C, making it enjoyable to visit historical sites, engage in cultural experiences, and embark on wildlife safaris. The skies are mostly clear during this season, providing ample opportunities for stargazing and capturing breathtaking sunsets. Additionally, the low risk of rain enhances the reliability of travel plans and ensures a hassle-free experience.

Wet Season (May – October)

The wet season in Koudougou brings abundant rainfall, transforming the landscape into a lush green haven. While the downpours can be heavy and unpredictable, they often offer a refreshing break from the heat and create a stunning spectacle of nature. The average temperature during this season ranges from a moderate 20°C to a warm 30°C. Although humidity levels can be high, the lush vegetation and vibrant atmosphere make this an ideal time to witness the region’s natural beauty. Visitors can enjoy birdwatching, explore the local markets, and immerse themselves in the vibrant cultural traditions that thrive during this period.

Solar Energy Potential in Koudougou

Koudougou, a city in Burkina Faso, possesses immense solar energy potential due to its geographical location within the tropical region. The city experiences high levels of solar radiation throughout the year, making it an ideal site for solar energy development. The annual average global horizontal irradiance in Koudougou ranges between 2,100 and 2,400 kWh/m², providing ample sunlight for photovoltaic systems. Additionally, the city has a relatively low incidence of cloud cover, ensuring consistent solar resource availability.

Solar Energy Adoption and Benefits

Solar energy adoption in Koudougou has been growing steadily in recent years. The government has implemented policies and incentives to encourage the use of renewable energy sources, including solar power. As a result, solar home systems, streetlights, and water pumping systems have become increasingly common in the city. Solar energy has numerous benefits for Koudougou. It provides a sustainable and reliable source of electricity, reducing dependence on fossil fuels and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, solar energy can improve access to electricity in rural areas that lack access to the national grid, enabling economic and social development.

General Topography

Koudougou, the third-largest city in Burkina Faso, lies within the Volta River Basin. The topography of Koudougou is characterized by gently rolling hills, interspersed with flat plains. The hills are formed by weathered granite and gneiss rocks and typically range in elevation from 300 to 500 meters above sea level. The plains, which cover a significant portion of the area, are underlain by sedimentary rocks and are generally lower in elevation, lying between 250 and 350 meters. The city’s highest point is the hill known as “Montagne de Koudougou,” situated to the northeast, which rises to an elevation of approximately 560 meters.

Water Resources and Vegetation

Koudougou’s topography influences the distribution of water resources and vegetation. The city is drained by a network of small rivers and streams that flow into the Volta Basin. These waterways provide water for the city’s population and support a variety of riparian vegetation. The hills and plains are covered by a mixture of dry savanna vegetation, including grasses, shrubs, and scattered trees. The vegetation is adapted to the area’s tropical climate, which features distinct wet and dry seasons. During the rainy season, the savanna turns green and lush, while during the dry season, the landscape becomes more arid.

Koudougou Airport

Koudougou Airport (IATA: KDG) is a small airport located in the city of Koudougou, Burkina Faso. It is the fourth busiest airport in Burkina Faso, after Ouagadougou Airport, Bobo-Dioulasso Airport, and Ouahigouya Airport. Koudougou Airport is primarily used for domestic flights and serves as a hub for Air Burkina, the national airline of Burkina Faso. It offers regular flights to Ouagadougou, the capital city of Burkina Faso, as well as occasional flights to other destinations within the country. The airport is located approximately 10 kilometers (6 miles) from the city center of Koudougou and is easily accessible by road. It has a single runway that is 1,800 meters (5,900 feet) long and 30 meters (98 feet) wide. The airport is equipped with basic facilities for passengers, including a small terminal building, check-in counters, and a baggage claim area.

Other Nearby Airports

In addition to Koudougou Airport, there are several other airports located within a reasonable distance of Koudougou. The nearest international airport is Ouagadougou Airport (OUA), which is located approximately 100 kilometers (62 miles) to the northeast of Koudougou. Ouagadougou Airport is the largest airport in Burkina Faso and offers a wide range of domestic and international flights. Another nearby airport is Bobo-Dioulasso Airport (BOY), which is located approximately 150 kilometers (93 miles) to the southwest of Koudougou. Bobo-Dioulasso Airport is the second busiest airport in Burkina Faso and offers a variety of domestic flights within the country. Both Ouagadougou Airport and Bobo-Dioulasso Airport offer regular flights to major destinations in West Africa and Europe. Travelers who are planning to visit Koudougou can choose to fly into either Koudougou Airport, Ouagadougou Airport, or Bobo-Dioulasso Airport, depending on their specific itinerary and budget.

History and Heritage

Koudougou, located in central Burkina Faso, is a city with a rich history and cultural heritage. The city was founded by the Mande people in the 15th century and became an important trading center on the trans-Saharan trade routes. During the colonial period, Koudougou served as a significant administrative center for the French. Today, the city is known for its vibrant markets, traditional festivals, and historic mosques and palaces. One of the most famous landmarks is the Grand Mosque, an impressive structure built in the Sudanese architectural style.

Culture and Arts

Koudougou is a melting pot of different cultures and traditions. The city is home to various ethnic groups, including the Mossi, Gurunsi, and Fulani people, each with their unique customs and beliefs. The city is also known for its arts and crafts, particularly pottery, weaving, and leatherworking. Koudougou hosts the annual Koudougou Festival, a week-long event that showcases the cultural diversity of the region through music, dance, and art exhibitions. The festival attracts visitors from across the country and has become an important cultural event in Burkina Faso.