Kota Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – India

Summer (April-June)

Kota experiences scorching summers with temperatures soaring up to 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit). The air is hot and humid, making it uncomfortable for outdoor activities. The summer months are characterized by clear skies and long days with little to no rainfall. However, isolated thunderstorms may occur, providing temporary respite from the heat.

Monsoon (July-September)

The monsoon season brings heavy rainfall to Kota, significantly cooling down the temperatures. The humidity remains high, creating a muggy and oppressive atmosphere. Expect heavy downpours and thunderstorms, which can often lead to flash floods. The monsoon is vital for agriculture and replenishes water bodies.

Average Temperature in Kota, India – January to June

Kota, a city in the western Indian state of Rajasthan, experiences significant seasonal variations in temperature. During the winter months from January to February, the average temperature in Kota ranges from 10 to 25 degrees Celsius. January is typically the coldest month, with average minimum temperatures dropping to around 10 degrees Celsius. As the winter season progresses, temperatures gradually rise, and by June, the average temperature reaches approximately 35 to 40 degrees Celsius.

Average Temperature in Kota, India – July to December

The monsoon season arrives in Kota in July, bringing with it increased humidity and occasional heavy rainfall. The average temperature during this period remains high, ranging from 30 to 35 degrees Celsius. However, the humidity can make the weather feel considerably warmer. From October onwards, the monsoon season begins to recede, and the average temperature gradually decreases. By December, the average temperature in Kota has dropped to around 15 to 25 degrees Celsius. The winter months continue to bring cool and dry weather, with occasional foggy mornings.

Cumulus Clouds

Cumulus clouds, characterized by their puffy, cauliflower-like appearance, are ubiquitous in Kota’s skies. Their white or gray bases and rounded tops often resemble cotton balls. These clouds typically develop during the morning and dissipate by evening, indicating fair weather conditions. The presence of these clouds can provide temporary shade from the scorching sun, offering respite during the hot summer months.

Cirrus and Cirrocumulus Clouds

High in the atmosphere, thin and wispy cirrus clouds can often be observed. These clouds are composed of ice crystals and appear as delicate brushstrokes against the blue sky. Their presence suggests fair weather and high-pressure systems. Occasionally, cirrocumulus clouds may also appear as small, white tufts resembling ripples on the water’s surface. These clouds often indicate an approaching weather front and potential changes in atmospheric conditions.

Seasonal Distribution of Precipitation:

Kota experiences a distinct seasonal variation in precipitation. The city receives most of its rainfall during the monsoon season, which typically lasts from June to September. During this period, the southwestern monsoon winds bring moisture-laden clouds from the Arabian Sea, resulting in heavy downpours. The average annual rainfall for Kota is approximately 760 mm, with the majority of it falling during the monsoon months.

Temporal Pattern of Precipitation:

Within the monsoon season, Kota typically witnesses a bimodal distribution of precipitation. The first peak occurs in July, followed by a brief respite in August. The second peak, which is usually more intense, occurs in September. This pattern is often attributed to the passage of low-pressure systems or depressions that bring concentrated rainfall over the region. The city experiences occasional rainfall during the winter months as well, but these tend to be sporadic and light.

Climatic Conditions in Kota

Kota, situated in the western Indian state of Rajasthan, experiences a tropical wet and dry climate. The city witnesses extreme temperature variations throughout the year. Summers, lasting from April to June, are scorching hot, with temperatures often soaring above 40 degrees Celsius. Conversely, winters, extending from November to February, are mild, with temperatures hovering around 10 degrees Celsius. Kota receives an annual rainfall of approximately 600 mm, primarily concentrated during the southwest monsoon season from July to September.

Seasonal Rainfall Patterns

The monsoon period brings a significant amount of rainfall to Kota, contributing to its agricultural productivity. However, the city is prone to erratic rainfall patterns, with occasional droughts or excessive downpours. Heavy rainfall can lead to waterlogging and flooding in certain areas, while prolonged dry spells can cause crop failures and water shortages. The city has also experienced increasing rainfall variability in recent years, likely due to climate change, posing challenges for water management and agricultural practices.

Historical Snowfall in Kota, India

On January 18, 2023, the city of Kota, Rajasthan, India, experienced a rare snowfall. This was the first recorded snowfall in Kota in over 100 years, leaving residents and tourists alike mesmerized. The white blanket that covered the city created a picturesque landscape, delighting locals and visitors.

Impact of the Snowfall

The snowfall brought joy to many, particularly children, who engaged in snow fights and built snowmen. However, it also posed challenges for the city’s infrastructure and transportation. The heavy snowfall caused power outages in several areas, while slippery roads and poor visibility led to traffic disruptions. The snowfall also affected daily life, with many businesses and schools closing for the day.

Climate

Kota, located in the western Indian state of Rajasthan, experiences a tropical wet and dry climate. The sun plays a significant role in shaping the city’s weather patterns. During the summer months (March to May), temperatures can soar to as high as 45 degrees Celsius (113 Fahrenheit), making it one of the hottest cities in India. The scorching sun combined with low humidity levels can lead to extreme heat waves. In contrast, the winter months (November to February) are mild with average temperatures ranging from 10 to 25 degrees Celsius (50 to 77 Fahrenheit). During this time, the sun is less intense, and daytime temperatures are pleasant.

Solar Energy

Kota has abundant solar radiation throughout the year, making it a suitable location for solar energy generation. The city has several solar power plants that utilize the sun’s rays to generate electricity. The Rajasthan Solar Park, located near Kota, is one of the largest solar parks in India, with a capacity of 2,255 megawatts. The city also promotes rooftop solar installations to reduce dependency on conventional energy sources and contribute to a more sustainable future. The government provides incentives and subsidies to encourage the adoption of solar energy solutions.

Moon’s Position in Kota, India

The moon’s appearance and position in the sky vary throughout the month as it orbits the Earth. In Kota, India, the moon typically rises in the east and sets in the west, following the daily arc of the sun. The exact time of moonrise and moonset varies depending on the phase of the moon and the time of year. During a full moon, the moon is visible throughout the night, while during a new moon, it is not visible at all.

Moon Phases in Kota, India

The moon goes through four main phases during its orbit of the Earth: new moon, first quarter, full moon, and third quarter. In Kota, India, the moon’s phase can be observed by looking at the night sky. During a new moon, the moon is positioned between the Earth and the sun, and its dark side is facing the Earth. As the moon orbits the Earth, it gradually becomes visible as a crescent, then a waxing gibbous, and finally a full moon. After the full moon, the moon begins to wane, becoming a waning gibbous, then a third quarter, and finally a new moon again.

Seasonal Humidity Patterns

Kota, India experiences significant humidity fluctuations throughout the year, influenced by the monsoon and desert regions. During the monsoon season (June to September), humidity levels often exceed 80% and can spike to over 90% during heavy rainfall. The combination of high humidity and warm temperatures can make the air extremely uncomfortable and exacerbate respiratory issues. In contrast, during the winter months (November to February), humidity levels drop considerably, often falling below 50%. The dry and cool air conditions can lead to dry skin and cracked lips, requiring additional hydration.

Impact on Health and Comfort

High humidity levels can impact human health and comfort. When humidity exceeds 60%, the body struggles to cool itself through evaporation, leading to heat stress and discomfort. Prolonged exposure to high humidity can increase the risk of heat-related illnesses, such as heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heatstroke. Additionally, high humidity provides a favorable environment for the growth of mold and mildew, which can trigger allergies and respiratory problems. Conversely, low humidity levels can cause dry and itchy skin, increased static electricity, and discomfort for individuals with dry eye syndrome or other respiratory conditions.

Seasonal Wind Patterns

Kota’s wind patterns vary significantly throughout the year. During the summer months, from April to June, the city experiences hot and dry winds known as “loo” winds. These winds originate from the Thar Desert and bring scorching heat, reaching temperatures of up to 48 degrees Celsius. The loo winds can last for several days or even weeks, causing discomfort and heat-related illnesses.

During the monsoon season, from July to September, Kota experiences heavy rainfall and moderate winds. The southwest monsoon winds bring moisture from the Arabian Sea, resulting in heavy downpours and occasional thunderstorms. The winds during this season are typically gentle and provide relief from the oppressive heat of the summer months.

Annual Wind Data

According to the weather station at Kota, the city experiences an average wind speed of 7 kilometers per hour throughout the year. The windiest months are May and June, with an average speed of 10 kilometers per hour. The calmest months are November and December, with an average speed of 5 kilometers per hour. The prevailing wind direction during most of the year is from the southwest, except during the summer months when it shifts to the west due to the influence of the loo winds.

Ideal Time to Visit

The optimal time to experience the wonders of Kota, India, lies between October and March. During this period, the city basks in a pleasant climate, free from the oppressive heat and humidity that characterizes other seasons. The average temperatures range from a crisp 15°C to a comfortable 30°C, rendering it ideal for exploring historical monuments, embarking on wildlife safaris, and indulging in outdoor activities. The absence of extreme weather conditions ensures a relaxed and enjoyable travel experience.

Seasonal Variations

While Kota can be visited year-round, the summer months (April to September) bring soaring temperatures and sporadic rainfall. Though the monsoon season (July to September) provides a respite from the heat, it can hamper outdoor plans due to heavy downpours. The winter season (December to February) presents a cold and fog-laden climate, which may not be suitable for some travelers. Therefore, the autumn and early spring months remain the most favorable for a visit to Kota, offering a perfect blend of pleasant weather, vibrant cultural events, and rich historical experiences.

Potential and Initiatives:

Kota, India holds immense potential for solar energy due to its abundant sunshine. The city has initiated several steps to harness this renewable source. In 2014, the Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Limited (RRECL) established a 14.4 MW solar power plant on the outskirts of Kota. This plant has been generating clean electricity for the region, reducing its reliance on fossil fuels. Additionally, the Kota Municipal Corporation is promoting rooftop solar installations by providing subsidies and incentives to residents. Several commercial and residential buildings in the city have adopted solar rooftop systems, contributing to the overall solar generation capacity.

Benefits and Challenges:

The adoption of solar energy in Kota brings numerous benefits. It promotes energy independence by reducing dependence on external sources and fossil fuels. Solar power is clean, renewable, and sustainable, reducing emissions and combatting climate change. Additionally, solar energy generation creates local jobs in installation, maintenance, and manufacturing. However, there are challenges associated with solar energy deployment. Initial investment costs can be high, and the intermittent nature of solar power poses challenges for grid integration. Moreover, the availability of land for large-scale solar projects can be a constraint in densely populated areas like Kota.

Geographical Features

Kota, a city nestled in the northern Indian state of Rajasthan, is characterized by a diverse and captivating topography. The Chambal River, a major tributary of the Yamuna, winds its way through the city, creating a picturesque landscape. The riverbank is lined with towering cliffs and jagged rock formations, forming a dramatic backdrop to the urban skyline. Adjoining the river lies a vast and fertile floodplain, providing agricultural sustenance to the region.

Hills and Plateaus

To the east of Kota, the topography transitions into rugged hills and plateaus. The Aravalli Range, stretching across Rajasthan, casts a long shadow over the city. These hills, with their steep slopes and rocky outcrops, offer panoramic views of the surrounding landscape. The hills also harbor numerous caves and temples, testament to the region’s rich history and cultural heritage. The plateau regions, such as the Malwa Plateau, provide valuable grazing lands and are dotted with small villages and farms.

Kota Airport (KOT)

Kota Airport is currently not operational and does not handle any commercial flights. It was formerly known as Kotah Airport and was used for non-scheduled flights. Presently, the nearest airport serving Kota is Jaipur International Airport (JAI), located approximately 240 kilometers (150 miles) southwest of the city.

Jaipur International Airport (JAI)

Jaipur International Airport, located in Sanganer, is the primary airport serving the state of Rajasthan, including Kota. It is well-connected to major cities in India and offers a wide range of domestic and international flights. Jaipur Airport is equipped with modern facilities, including multiple terminals, duty-free shops, restaurants, and lounges. It is easily accessible from Kota via road or rail transport, with a journey time of approximately 4-5 hours by car or train.

History and Significance of Kota

Kota, located in the western Indian state of Rajasthan, boasts a rich history dating back to the 12th century. It was established by the Hada Rajput clan and later flourished under the rule of the Bundi and Kota kingdoms. Kota served as the capital of the Kota State until the Indian independence in 1947.

During the 18th and 19th centuries, Kota became a prominent center for the arts and culture. The erstwhile Kota rulers were renowned patrons of miniature painting, architecture, and music. The city is particularly famous for its distinctive style of miniature paintings known as the “Kota Kalam,” characterized by vibrant colors, intricate detailing, and depictions of courtly life and religious scenes.

Modern-Day Kota: Education Hub and Industrial City

Today, Kota has emerged as a significant educational hub in India. It is home to numerous coaching institutes that prepare students for competitive entrance examinations, such as those for medical and engineering colleges. The city attracts a large number of students from across the country seeking quality education.

In recent years, Kota has also witnessed substantial industrial growth. It is known for its fertilizer, pharmaceutical, and textile industries. The city has a strong industrial base, contributing significantly to the economic development of the region.