Killeen Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – United States

Climate

Killeen enjoys a humid subtropical climate, with hot, humid summers and mild, dry winters. The average annual temperature is 66°F (19°C), ranging from a low of 40°F (4°C) in January to a high of 95°F (35°C) in July. Precipitation is moderate throughout the year, with an average of 44 inches (112 cm) annually. Summer rainfall is typically heavy, with frequent thunderstorms, while winter precipitation is usually light and intermittent.

Average Weather Year Round

Spring (March-May): Spring in Killeen is mild and pleasant, with average temperatures ranging from 50°F (10°C) to 75°F (24°C). Rainfall is moderate, with an average of 6 inches (15 cm) per month. April and May are the wettest months, with an average of 9 inches (23 cm) of precipitation each.

Summer (June-August): Summer in Killeen is hot and humid, with average temperatures ranging from 75°F (24°C) to 95°F (35°C). Rainfall is heavy, with frequent thunderstorms producing an average of 10 inches (25 cm) of precipitation per month. July and August are the hottest months, with an average high temperature of 95°F (35°C).

Autumn (September-November): Autumn in Killeen is mild and dry, with average temperatures ranging from 60°F (16°C) to 80°F (27°C). Rainfall is moderate, with an average of 4 inches (10 cm) per month. September is the driest month, with an average of 2 inches (5 cm) of precipitation.

Winter (December-February): Winter in Killeen is mild and dry, with average temperatures ranging from 40°F (4°C) to 60°F (16°C). Rainfall is light, with an average of 2 inches (5 cm) per month. January is the coldest month, with an average low temperature of 40°F (4°C).

Seasonal Temperature Variations

Killeen, Texas experiences significant seasonal temperature variations throughout the year. During the summer months (June-August), average temperatures soar to the high 90s Fahrenheit (mid-30s Celsius). The intense heat is often accompanied by high humidity, creating a sultry and uncomfortable atmosphere. In contrast, winter temperatures (December-February) typically range from the mid-40s to low 60s Fahrenheit (7-16 degrees Celsius). Although freezing temperatures can occur occasionally, snow accumulation is rare in Killeen.

Long-Term Temperature Trends

Over the past several decades, Killeen has witnessed a gradual increase in average temperatures. This trend aligns with broader global observations of climate change. Rising temperatures have primarily affected the summer months, with average high temperatures increasing at a rate of approximately 0.2 degrees Fahrenheit per decade. This warming trend has led to more frequent extreme heat events and extended periods of drought conditions.

Types of Clouds in Killeen, United States

Killeen, Texas experiences a variety of cloud formations throughout the year. The most common cloud types include cirrus, cumulus, and stratus. Cirrus clouds are thin, wispy clouds that are composed of ice crystals and are often seen in the upper atmosphere. Cumulus clouds are puffy, cotton-like clouds that are typically found at low altitudes and can indicate fair weather or precipitation. Stratus clouds are flat, gray clouds that cover the entire sky and often produce drizzle or light rain.

Impact of Clouds on Killeen’s Weather

The presence of clouds can significantly impact the weather conditions in Killeen. Cirrus clouds, which are high in the atmosphere, have little effect on the weather below. However, cumulus clouds can indicate the potential for precipitation, especially if they grow larger and darker. Stratus clouds can block sunlight, leading to cooler temperatures and reduced visibility. The amount and type of clouds present can also influence the intensity of rainfall, wind speed, and temperature fluctuations in Killeen.

Annual Precipitation Trends

Killeen, Texas, receives an average of 35.7 inches of precipitation per year, distributed fairly evenly throughout the seasons. However, the annual amount can fluctuate significantly, with some years recording over 50 inches and others receiving as little as 20 inches. The wettest month is typically May, with an average of 4.7 inches of rain, while the driest month is January, with an average of 1.9 inches.

Seasonal Precipitation Patterns

Precipitation in Killeen is heaviest during the spring and fall, with average monthly totals exceeding 3 inches from March through May and again from September through November. During the summer, precipitation tends to be more sporadic, with occasional heavy thunderstorms but also periods of drought. The winter months are typically the driest, with average monthly totals below 2 inches. However, even during the winter, Killeen can experience occasional rain or snow.

Climate and Precipitation Patterns

Killeen, Texas, experiences a humid subtropical climate, characterized by hot, humid summers and mild winters. The city receives an average of 34.5 inches of rainfall annually, which is relatively evenly distributed throughout the year. However, there is a slight peak in precipitation during the spring and fall months, influenced by the northward shift of the polar jet stream and the southward movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). During these seasons, thunderstorms and frontal systems can bring periods of heavy rainfall, occasionally accompanied by hail and strong winds.

Seasonal Variations

Summer rainfall in Killeen primarily results from convective thunderstorms, which form during the afternoon hours due to intense solar heating. As the ground warms, heat and moisture rise into the atmosphere, creating unstable conditions that lead to the development of towering cumulonimbus clouds. These clouds yield frequent downpours, often accompanied by lightning, thunder, and gusty winds. However, summer rainfall tends to be localized and sporadic, with significant variability in the amount and location of precipitation.

In contrast, winter rainfall typically occurs due to frontal systems passing through the area. As cold fronts encounter warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico, clouds and precipitation form along the boundary. Winter precipitation in Killeen can take various forms, including rain, drizzle, sleet, or freezing rain, depending on the temperature and moisture conditions. While winter rainfall is generally less frequent and intense than summer thunderstorms, it can sometimes lead to prolonged periods of steady precipitation, resulting in significant rainfall accumulation over several days.

Snowfall History and Trends

Snowfall in Killeen, Texas, is relatively infrequent, with an average of only 2.8 inches per year. Historically, the city has experienced occasional significant snowfall events. In February 2011, Killeen received 12 inches of snow, its highest single-day snowfall on record. Other notable snowfall periods occurred in December 2021 and January 2022, both resulting in several inches of accumulation. Despite these sporadic events, snowfall in Killeen remains a rare occurrence.

Impacts of Snowfall

When snowfall does occur in Killeen, it can have a significant impact on the city. Snow and icy conditions can lead to hazardous driving conditions, school closures, business disruptions, and power outages. The city’s infrastructure is not well-equipped to handle heavy snowfall, and snow removal efforts often take several hours or days to complete. Residents may also experience increased utility bills due to the additional heating required during cold weather. While snowfall is generally a nuisance in Killeen, it can also bring a sense of excitement and provide opportunities for winter activities like sledding and snowball fights.

Sunrise and Sunset Times

In Killeen, United States, the sunrise and sunset times vary throughout the year due to the Earth’s tilt and orbit around the Sun. During the summer months (June-August), the sun rises around 6:00 AM and sets around 9:00 PM, providing long days with ample sunlight. In the winter months (December-February), sunrise occurs closer to 7:30 AM and sunset around 5:30 PM, resulting in shorter days and less daylight. These variations influence daily activities, including work, recreation, and commutes.

Solar Radiation and Climate

Killeen experiences abundant solar radiation throughout the year, especially during the warm and sunny summer months. The average daily solar radiation in Killeen ranges from approximately 4.5 kWh/m2 in December to 6.5 kWh/m2 in June. This ample sunlight contributes to the region’s warm and humid subtropical climate, characterized by hot and dry summers and mild winters. The high solar radiation also presents opportunities for harnessing solar energy and reducing reliance on fossil fuels.

Moon Phases in Killeen

The moon’s appearance from Killeen, United States, cycles through its characteristic phases. As Earth orbits the sun and the moon orbits Earth, the relative positions of these celestial bodies determine the amount of sunlight reflected off the moon’s surface visible from Earth. The full moon occurs when the moon is opposite the sun from Earth’s perspective, fully illuminated and appearing as a bright disk. Conversely, the new moon occurs when the moon is between Earth and the sun, invisible from Earth because its dark side faces us. Between these extremes, the moon exhibits various crescent, quarter, and gibbous phases, gradually waxing (growing) or waning (shrinking).

Moon Visibility in Killeen

The moon’s visibility in Killeen depends on factors such as cloud cover, light pollution, and the time of day. On clear nights, the moon can be observed throughout its entire cycle, but it is most prominent during the full moon phase when its radiant glow illuminates the night sky. Light pollution from urban areas can affect moon visibility, especially in highly populated areas. During daylight hours, the moon may be less noticeable, particularly if it is not in a full phase. However, under optimal conditions, the moon’s presence can be detected in the daytime sky, especially during the crescent or gibbous phases.

Humidity Patterns in Killeen

Killeen, Texas experiences a distinct pattern of humidity fluctuations throughout the year. The city is located in central Texas, a region known for its humid subtropical climate. Humidity levels in Killeen tend to vary significantly between the warmer and cooler months. During the summer months (May-September), the average relative humidity hovers around 75-85%, creating a muggy and uncomfortable atmosphere. As temperatures rise, the air becomes saturated with moisture, leading to higher humidity levels. Conversely, during the winter months (November-March), the average relative humidity decreases to around 55-65%, resulting in a drier and more pleasant atmosphere.

Factors Influencing Humidity

Several factors contribute to the observed humidity patterns in Killeen. The proximity to the Gulf of Mexico plays a significant role, with warm and moist air masses from the Gulf often contributing to higher humidity levels. Additionally, the city’s location within the Colorado River basin means that local rivers and lakes also release moisture into the atmosphere, increasing humidity. Topographical factors, such as the presence of nearby hills and escarpments, can also influence local humidity patterns by affecting air circulation and moisture distribution.

Wind Speed and Direction

Killeen, located in the central region of Texas, experiences a moderate wind regime with average wind speeds typically ranging between 6 and 9 miles per hour (mph). The prevailing wind direction is from the south-southeast, indicating that winds frequently originate from that direction. However, wind patterns can vary throughout the year, with occasional shifts in direction due to seasonal weather patterns and larger-scale atmospheric circulation systems.

Wind Variations and Extreme Events

During the spring and summer months, Killeen can experience periods of increased wind speeds associated with convective storms. These storms, characterized by intense updrafts and downdrafts, can produce gusty winds that may exceed 40 mph. Additionally, the region is occasionally affected by larger-scale weather systems, such as cold fronts and thunderstorms, which can bring strong winds and associated phenomena like hail and tornadoes. While these extreme events are less common, they can pose significant risks and require appropriate precautions and preparedness measures.

Spring (March-May)

Spring in Killeen is a delightful time to visit, inviting visitors with blooming wildflowers painting the surrounding countryside in vibrant hues. The average temperatures range from 50s to 70s Fahrenheit, providing a comfortable climate for outdoor activities. March brings the arrival of spring flora, including bluebonnets, poppies, and Indian paintbrushes, offering a breathtaking spectacle. As April and May progress, the temperature rises, and the landscape transforms into a verdant tapestry, with fields of wildflowers and blooming trees. This season is ideal for hiking, biking, and wildlife viewing in the nearby Fort Hood Military Reservation.

Fall (September-November)

Fall in Killeen showcases the vibrant colors of the changing foliage, creating a picturesque setting. The temperatures range from pleasant 60s to crisp 40s Fahrenheit, making it a comfortable time to explore the city’s parks and gardens. September marks the beginning of autumn, with the leaves of trees transitioning into shades of gold, orange, and red. October brings cooler temperatures and peak foliage, providing stunning views. November signals the end of fall, with the leaves gradually falling and revealing the bare branches of trees. Despite the cooler temperatures, this season offers opportunities for seasonal activities, such as pumpkin carving, hayrides, and bonfire gatherings.

Solar Energy Potential in Killeen

Killeen, Texas, offers promising potential for solar energy development. Its geographic location in Central Texas places it within the “Sun Belt,” an area known for abundant sunshine. The city’s average annual solar insolation, measured as kilowatt-hours per square meter (kWh/m²), ranges from 5.5 to 6.0 kWh/m². This is higher than the national average of 4.6 kWh/m². Additionally, Killeen experiences relatively few cloudy days, maximizing the amount of sunlight available for solar power generation.

Solar Installations and Incentives

The adoption of solar energy in Killeen is growing rapidly. As of 2023, the city is home to over 1,500 residential and commercial solar installations, with more projects in development. These installations range in size from rooftop panels on homes and businesses to large-scale solar farms in the surrounding areas. To encourage solar adoption, the city and utility companies offer various incentives, including rebates, feed-in tariffs, and tax credits. Additionally, homeowners associations in Killeen generally allow for the installation of solar panels, making it accessible to the majority of residents.

Geology of Killeen, United States

Killeen, Texas, lies within the vast Gulf Coastal Plain, a region characterized by gently sloping topography and a thick sedimentary rock sequence. The underlying geology of Killeen is composed of alternating layers of sandstone, limestone, and clay, which have been deposited over millions of years by the ancient Gulf of Mexico. These sedimentary rocks are relatively soft and easily eroded, contributing to the flat terrain of the area.

Topography of Killeen, United States

The topography of Killeen is primarily flat, with a slight slope towards the southeast. The city is situated at an elevation of approximately 300 feet above sea level. The highest point in Killeen is the Gateway Hills, which rise to an elevation of 450 feet. The lowest point is along the banks of the Leon River, which flows through the southeastern part of the city. The Leon River has carved out a floodplain that is characterized by a gentle slope and fertile soils. Overall, the topography of Killeen is conducive to urban development and provides a favorable environment for both residential and commercial activities.

Killeen Municipal Airport (GRK)

Located approximately 6 miles (9.7 kilometers) south of the city center, Killeen Municipal Airport (GRK) is the nearest airport serving Killeen, Texas, United States. This general aviation airport features a single asphalt runway and provides essential air access to the area. GRK primarily caters to private aircraft and smaller commercial flights, offering limited scheduled passenger service.

Robert Gray Army Airfield (Killeen-Fort Hood Regional Airport)

Approximately 12 miles (19.3 kilometers) north of Killeen, Robert Gray Army Airfield (Killeen-Fort Hood Regional Airport) (GRK) is a military airport also serving the general public. It is home to the 1st Cavalry Division and offers commercial passenger service through its terminal. GRK provides a more comprehensive range of flights, including connections to major hubs like Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW) and Houston George Bush Intercontinental Airport (IAH).

Geography and Demographics:

Killeen, Texas, is a city located in Bell and Coryell counties, approximately 60 miles north of Austin. It is the second-largest city in Bell County and part of the Killeen-Temple-Fort Hood Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Killeen had a population of over 150,000, making it the 21st largest city in Texas. The city is strategically located near Fort Hood, one of the largest military installations in the United States, which serves as the primary economic driver for Killeen and the surrounding area.

History and Culture:

Killeen’s history dates back to the early 1880s when it was founded as a railroad town. The city was named after Frank P. Killeen, a railroad engineer who played a key role in the construction of the Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe Railway. In the 20th century, Killeen began to grow rapidly due to the expansion of Fort Hood. The city has a diverse population that includes a significant number of military personnel and families. Killeen is also home to Central Texas College, the oldest public college in the region. The city offers a variety of cultural attractions, including the Killeen Civic and Conference Center, the Central Texas African-American Museum, and the Lions Club Park, which features a splash pad, playground, and amphitheater for events.