Khurda Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – India

Climate

Khurda experiences a tropical wet and dry climate, characterized by hot, humid summers followed by a dry winter. The hottest months are April and May, with average temperatures soaring above 30°C (86°F). During these months, the humidity is also high, making the heat feel even more oppressive. The coldest month is January, with average temperatures dropping to around 18°C (64°F). Khurda receives an average of 1,200 millimeters (47 inches) of rainfall per year, with the majority falling during the monsoon season from June to September.

Average Weather Year Round

Summer (March-June): During the summer, temperatures hover around 30°C (86°F) with high humidity levels. Thunderstorms are common in the afternoons and evenings, bringing heavy rainfall.

Monsoon (July-September): The monsoon season brings heavy rainfall and increased humidity. Temperatures remain warm, with an average of around 28°C (82°F). The heaviest rainfall occurs in August, with an average of over 300 millimeters (12 inches) of precipitation.

Autumn (October-November): As the monsoon season ends, temperatures gradually decrease and humidity levels drop. The weather is generally pleasant, with warm days and cool nights.

Winter (December-February): Winter in Khurda is mild, with average temperatures around 18°C (64°F). The nights can be chilly, especially in January and February, when temperatures can drop below 15°C (59°F).

Average Temperature Trends in Khurda, India

Khurda, a captivating city nestled in the eastern Indian state of Odisha, experiences a tropical wet and dry climate. The year is divided into three distinct seasons: summer, monsoon, and winter.

During the summer months (March to May), Khurda witnesses soaring temperatures, with the average daily maximum reaching around 35°C. The nights, however, offer some respite, with temperatures dropping to an average minimum of around 25°C. The sweltering heat during this period can be attributed to the city’s proximity to the Bay of Bengal, which brings in warm and humid air.

In contrast, the monsoon season (June to September) brings a welcome respite from the scorching heat. Khurda receives abundant rainfall during this period, which helps bring down the temperatures. The average maximum temperature during the monsoon season is approximately 30°C, while the average minimum temperature hovers around 22°C. The humidity levels, however, remain high, making the atmosphere feel muggy and uncomfortable.

Formation and Types of Clouds in Khurda, India

Khurda, located in the eastern Indian state of Odisha, experiences a diverse range of cloud formations throughout the year. The formation of clouds is influenced by factors such as temperature, humidity, and atmospheric instability. During the monsoon season, which typically lasts from June to September, large cumulonimbus clouds dominate the skies, often accompanied by heavy rainfall and thunderstorms. Cumulus clouds, characterized by their billowing tops, are also common, particularly during the summer months. In the cooler months, stratus clouds often form, creating a uniform gray overcast.

Significance of Clouds in Khurda

Clouds play a vital role in regulating the local climate of Khurda. They provide shade, protecting the region from the intense tropical sun, and they act as a reservoir for moisture, providing rain that supports agriculture and vegetation. The presence of clouds can also have an impact on tourism, as they can obscure scenic views and affect outdoor activities. Moreover, clouds are an important aspect of the cultural and aesthetic landscape of Khurda, inspiring artists, musicians, and poets through their ever-changing forms and beauty.

Annual Precipitation Patterns

Khurda, India, experiences a tropical monsoon climate characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons. The majority of precipitation occurs during the monsoon season, which extends from June to October. During this period, the southwest monsoon brings moisture-laden clouds from the Bay of Bengal, resulting in heavy rainfall. The average annual precipitation in Khurda is approximately 1,500 millimeters (59 inches), with the bulk of it falling during the monsoon months.

Seasonal Variability

The monsoon season is the wettest time of the year in Khurda, with average monthly rainfall exceeding 200 millimeters (8 inches) during July and August. The driest period occurs during the winter months, from December to February, when rainfall is scarce and temperatures are relatively low. During this time, the northeast monsoon brings occasional light showers, but precipitation is generally minimal. The variability in rainfall throughout the year is primarily driven by the seasonal changes in wind patterns and the movement of the monsoon trough.

Rainfall Patterns in Khurda

Khurda, a district in the Indian state of Odisha, experiences a tropical monsoon climate characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons. The monsoon season, which spans from June to September, brings heavy rainfall to the region. During this period, the district receives an average of 1,000 to 1,200 millimeters of rainfall. The heaviest rainfall typically occurs in July and August, with daily precipitation often exceeding 100 millimeters. The wet season is crucial for agriculture, as the abundant rainfall supports crop growth and replenishes water resources.

In contrast to the wet season, the dry season from October to May is characterized by significantly less rainfall. During this period, the district receives an average of only 100 to 200 millimeters of rainfall. The months of December and January are the driest, with little or no precipitation. The dry season is often accompanied by high temperatures and low humidity, leading to conditions that can be uncomfortable and even hazardous during heat waves. However, this period is also important for agricultural activities, as the lack of rainfall allows for harvesting and other farming operations.

Surprising Snowfall in Khurda

The historic town of Khurda in the Indian state of Odisha witnessed an unprecedented snowfall on January 21, 2023, sending shockwaves through the region and beyond. This rare phenomenon, attributed to a strong western disturbance passing through the Bay of Bengal, brought a thick blanket of snow to the unsuspecting town. The snowfall, which lasted for several hours, covered roads, houses, and landscapes in a pristine white tapestry, presenting a surreal and unforgettable sight. It left residents and visitors alike in awe and disbelief.

Impact and Significance

The snowfall in Khurda has had a significant impact on the town and its surroundings. While it has brought joy and excitement to many, it has also caused some disruption and inconvenience. The snowfall has affected transportation, led to power outages, and made it difficult for residents to carry out their daily activities. However, the long-term effects of the snowfall are not yet fully known. Some experts believe that it could have a positive impact on the local tourism industry, attracting visitors eager to experience the unique winter wonderland of Khurda. Others speculate that it could potentially harm crops and affect the agricultural economy of the region. As the snowfall subsides, authorities and residents are working together to mitigate its negative effects and ensure the well-being of the community.

Sunrise and Sunset Times

In Khurda, India, the sun rises and sets at different times throughout the year due to the Earth’s orbit around the sun and the tilt of its axis. During the summer months (April to September), sunrise occurs between 5:00 AM and 6:00 AM, while sunset takes place between 6:30 PM and 7:30 PM. In the winter months (October to March), sunrise is delayed by about an hour, occurring between 6:00 AM and 7:00 AM, and sunset is earlier, happening between 5:30 PM and 6:30 PM. These times can vary slightly depending on the specific date and the weather conditions.

Sunshine Duration

The duration of sunshine in Khurda also varies seasonally. During the summer months, the sun shines for approximately 7-8 hours per day, providing abundant sunlight for outdoor activities, agriculture, and solar energy generation. In the winter months, the sunshine duration decreases to around 5-6 hours per day, resulting in shorter daylight hours and cooler temperatures. The average annual sunshine duration in Khurda is approximately 2,500 hours, which is higher than the national average for India. This makes Khurda an attractive location for solar energy projects and other sun-dependent activities.

Appearance and Visibility

The moon, Earth’s natural celestial body, is a prominent sight in the sky over Khurda, India. Its presence can be observed throughout the night, and its appearance varies depending on the lunar phase. During new moon, the moon is not visible as it is between the Earth and the sun. As the lunar phase progresses, the moon becomes increasingly visible, culminating in a full moon when the entire side facing Earth is illuminated by sunlight.

Cultural and Religious Significance

The moon holds significant cultural and religious importance in Khurda. In Hindu mythology, the moon is personified as Chandra, the god of the moon, who plays a crucial role in several stories and festivals. Temples and sacred sites throughout the region often feature representations of Chandra as a symbol of divinity. Additionally, the moon’s phases are used as a basis for many religious rituals and festivals, such as the Kartik Purnima, which celebrates the full moon of the Hindu month of Kartik.

Seasonal Patterns of Humidity in Khurda

Khurda, located in eastern India, experiences distinct seasonal variations in humidity levels. During the winter months (October to March), the humidity remains relatively low, averaging around 60-70% during the day and 80-90% at night. This is primarily due to the influence of cool, dry northwesterly winds.

In contrast, the summer months (April to September) witness a significant increase in humidity, particularly during the monsoon season (June to September). The monsoon winds carry warm, moist air from the Bay of Bengal, resulting in high humidity levels of up to 90-95% during the day and 100% at night. These high humidity levels often accompany thunderstorms and heavy rainfall.

Effects of High Humidity on Health and Well-being

The high humidity levels during the summer months in Khurda can significantly impact human health and well-being. Prolonged exposure to high humidity can lead to heat-related illnesses such as heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heatstroke. Additionally, high humidity can exacerbate respiratory conditions such as asthma and bronchitis. It can also create discomfort by making it difficult to sweat and cool down, leading to fatigue and reduced physical activity. To mitigate these effects, it is important to stay hydrated, avoid strenuous outdoor activities during peak humidity hours, and seek air-conditioned environments when necessary.

Wind Speed and Direction

Khurda, India, experiences a significant variation in wind speed and direction throughout the year. During the summer months (March to May), the prevailing winds are southwesterly and bring warm, humid air from the Bay of Bengal. These winds typically range from 10 to 15 km/h (6 to 9 mph), providing relief from the oppressive heat. During the winter months (November to February), the wind direction shifts to northeasterly, bringing cooler and drier air from the north. The wind speeds during this period are generally lower, ranging from 5 to 10 km/h (3 to 6 mph).

Wind Patterns and Climate

The seasonal wind patterns in Khurda have a significant impact on the local climate. The southwesterly winds during summer bring ample rainfall, contributing to the region’s monsoon season. These winds also moderate temperatures, preventing extreme heat that would otherwise characterize a tropical region. The northeasterly winds during winter, on the other hand, bring cooler temperatures and lower humidity, creating a pleasant, dry climate. The wind patterns play a crucial role in shaping the annual precipitation and temperature cycles in Khurda.

Best Time to Visit Khurda, India

The best time to visit Khurda, India, is during the winter months (October to March). The weather during this time is pleasant, with average temperatures ranging from 15°C to 25°C. This makes it ideal for exploring the many temples, historical sites, and wildlife sanctuaries that the region is known for. Additionally, there are several festivals that take place during this time, such as the Konark Festival and the Puri Beach Festival, which offer a glimpse into the rich cultural heritage of the region.

While summer (April to September) can be hot and humid, it is still possible to visit Khurda during this time. However, it is important to take precautions to stay hydrated and avoid prolonged exposure to the sun. The monsoon season (July to September) brings heavy rainfall, which can disrupt travel plans and make it difficult to explore the region. Therefore, it is best to avoid visiting Khurda during this time.

Potential of Solar Energy in Khurda, India

Khurda, a district nestled in the eastern Indian state of Odisha, possesses immense potential for harnessing solar energy. Its strategic location near the Tropic of Cancer and abundant sunshine throughout the year make it an ideal spot for solar power generation. The district receives an average of 300 clear sunny days annually, with an average daily solar insolation of 5.5 kWh/m2. This abundant solar resource presents a significant opportunity to meet the growing energy needs of Khurda while reducing its reliance on fossil fuels.

Government Initiatives and Projects

The Government of India has recognized the potential of solar energy in Khurda and is actively promoting its development. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has launched several initiatives to encourage the adoption of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in the district. One notable project is the 50 MW floating solar power plant at Rengali Dam, which is expected to generate approximately 90 million units of electricity annually. Additionally, the Odisha Renewable Energy Development Agency (OREDA) is providing subsidies and incentives to residential, commercial, and industrial consumers for installing rooftop solar panels.

General Topography

Khurda district in Odisha, India, exhibits a diverse topography. The northern and central regions are characterized by undulating hills and plateaus. The Khondalite ranges, composed primarily of quartzites and mica schists, form the highest elevations in the district. The southern and eastern portions, on the other hand, are predominantly flat and alluvial. The Mahanadi River, one of the major river systems in India, flows through the eastern part of the district, contributing to the fertile agricultural lands.

Plateau and Hilly Regions

The plateau and hilly regions of Khurda district cover the northern and central parts. These areas are typically rocky and barren, with moderate to steep slopes. The Khondalite ranges, which include peaks like Khandagiri and Udaygiri, are notable features of this region. The hills are often interspersed with narrow valleys and streams. The vegetation in these areas is predominantly scrublands and forests, with pockets of grassland and farmland.

Biju Patnaik International Airport (BBI)

Biju Patnaik International Airport (BBI) serves primarily Bhubaneswar, the capital city of Odisha, India, and it is situated in the Khurda district. The airport lies approximately 6 kilometers southwest of the city center and handles both domestic and international flights. BBI features one terminal with 10 gates, 44 check-in counters, and extensive amenities, including duty-free shops, restaurants, and business lounges. The airport is well-connected to major cities across India and offers direct flights to international destinations like Dubai and Bangkok.

Other Nearby Airports

Although BBI is the nearest airport to Khurda, there are a few other airports within a reasonable distance. The Visakhapatnam Airport (VTZ), located approximately 150 kilometers from Khurda, is an alternative option. VTZ handles both domestic and international flights and offers direct connections to several major cities. Another airport, the Raipur Airport (RPR), is situated about 250 kilometers from Khurda and provides domestic flight services. While these airports may be further away, they may offer additional flight options or more convenient connections for specific destinations.

Geography and Demography

Khurda is a city in the state of Odisha, India, situated approximately 20 kilometers southwest of the state capital, Bhubaneswar. It is the administrative headquarters of the Khurda district. The city is located on the banks of the Bhargavi River and is surrounded by picturesque hills. Khurda covers an area of around 20 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 150,000. The city is well-connected by road and rail networks, making it easily accessible from neighboring areas.

Historical and Cultural Significance

Khurda has a rich historical and cultural heritage. It was once the capital of the ancient Kalinga Kingdom, which flourished during the 3rd century BCE. The city was also an important center of trade and commerce during the medieval period. Khurda is home to several historical monuments, including the Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves, which are believed to have been built around the 2nd century BCE. These caves feature intricate carvings and inscriptions that provide valuable insights into the daily life, art, and architecture of the ancient Kalinga Kingdom.