Kafr Saqr Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Egypt

Summer (June-September)

During the summer months, Kafr Saqr experiences hot and dry weather. Temperatures typically range from a high of 32°C (90°F) to a low of 22°C (72°F). Rainfall is scarce during this season, with an average of only 10mm (0.4 inches) falling over the four months. The humidity levels are relatively low, making the heat more bearable. This period is ideal for outdoor activities and enjoying the sunshine.

Winter (December-February)

The winter months in Kafr Saqr are cool and occasionally rainy. Temperatures generally stay between 18°C (64°F) during the day and 10°C (50°F) at night. Precipitation is more common during this time, with an average of 50mm (2 inches) falling over the three months. Humidity levels are higher than in summer, making the weather feel colder. The winter season is a great time to explore the area’s natural surroundings and witness the changing colors of the landscape.

Monthly Average Temperature

The average temperature in Kafr Saqr, Egypt varies significantly throughout the year. The warmest months are July and August, with an average temperature of 28.5°C. The coldest months are January and February, with an average temperature of 13.5°C.

During the summer months (June to September), the average temperature ranges from 25°C to 32°C. The hottest time of the day is typically in the afternoon, with temperatures often reaching 35°C or higher. Evenings and nights can provide some respite from the heat, with temperatures dropping to around 20°C.

In the winter months (December to March), the average temperature ranges from 10°C to 15°C. Temperatures can drop below 10°C at night, especially in January and February. The coldest time of the day is typically in the early morning, with temperatures often dropping to 5°C or lower. Daytime temperatures can reach 15°C or higher, providing some warmth during the day.

Cloud Types Observed

Kafr Saqr, situated in the fertile Nile Delta region, experiences a range of cloud formations throughout the year. During the summer months, the skies are often dominated by cumulus clouds. These fluffy, detached clouds resemble cotton balls and indicate fair or partly cloudy conditions. As the sun rises and temperatures soar, the cumulus clouds may grow vertically into towering cumulonimbus clouds. These anvil-shaped clouds can produce thunderstorms, with lightning, thunder, and occasional hail.

During the winter season, Kafr Saqr witnesses a shift in cloud patterns. Stratus clouds become more prevalent, forming a uniform gray layer that covers the entire sky. These clouds often bring drizzle or light rain. Another common cloud type during winter is cirrocumulus, which appears as small, white cotton balls arranged in regular patterns. These clouds indicate high-altitude cirrus clouds and may precede a change in weather conditions.

Annual Precipitation

Kafr Saqr, Egypt, experiences a dry climate with minimal precipitation throughout the year. The annual average precipitation is approximately 50 millimeters (2 inches), with rainfall concentrated during the winter months. January is typically the wettest month, with an average rainfall of 25 millimeters (1 inch). Conversely, the driest month is June, when virtually no rainfall occurs.

Seasonal Variation

The precipitation pattern in Kafr Saqr exhibits a distinct seasonal variation. The summer months from May to September are extremely dry, with negligible precipitation. Rainfall gradually increases during the autumn months of October and November, reaching its peak in January. From February onwards, rainfall diminishes, and the dry season resumes in May. The seasonal cycle of precipitation is influenced by the interplay of factors such as atmospheric circulation patterns, prevailing winds, and the proximity to the Mediterranean Sea.

Historical Rainfall Patterns

Kafr Saqr, Egypt, experiences an arid climate with minimal precipitation throughout the year. According to historical data, Kafr Saqr typically receives less than 100 mm (4 inches) of rainfall annually. The rainy season spans from October to March, but rainfall can be highly variable from year to year. The average monthly rainfall during the rainy season is around 20 mm (0.8 inches). During the remaining months, rainfall is scarce, often reaching zero levels.

Recent Trends and Variability

In recent years, Kafr Saqr has witnessed a slight increase in rainfall variability. Several wet years have occurred, including 2013 when the city received over 200 mm (8 inches) of rainfall. However, these wet years have been offset by prolonged droughts, such as the severe drought that affected Egypt in 2017-2019. During this period, Kafr Saqr received less than 50 mm (2 inches) of rainfall annually. The erratic rainfall patterns highlight the challenges facing water resources management in the region, emphasizing the need for efficient water conservation and storage strategies.

Historical Snowfall Event

On January 29, 2013, the Egyptian city of Kafr Saqr witnessed a rare and exceptional snowfall event. For the first time in its recorded history, the Mediterranean coastal city experienced a significant accumulation of snow, with a thickness of up to 10 centimeters (4 inches). The snowfall, which lasted for several hours, covered the city in a blanket of white, creating a picturesque winter wonderland. The unusual occurrence stunned residents and visitors alike, who marveled at the snow-covered streets, trees, and buildings.

Causes and Impacts

The snowfall in Kafr Saqr was attributed to an unusual combination of weather conditions. A cold front from the Mediterranean Sea brought in moist air, which encountered the cool air over Egypt. This led to the formation of clouds and subsequent snowfall. The intense snowfall caused widespread disruption, with roads becoming impassable and schools and businesses closing. However, the snowfall also brought joy and amazement, providing residents with a once-in-a-lifetime experience. Social media was flooded with images and videos of the snowy scenes, as people celebrated the unique and memorable event.

Sun in Kafr Saqr, Egypt: Seasonal Variations

Kafr Saqr, Egypt experiences significant variations in sunlight availability throughout the year due to its geographical location. During the summer months (June-August), the sun is at its highest point in the sky, resulting in approximately 14 hours of daylight. The days are characterized by intense sunlight and high temperatures, often exceeding 35°C (95°F).

Conversely, during the winter months (December-February), the sun is at its lowest point in the sky, leading to shorter days with approximately 10 hours of daylight. The sunlight is weaker and temperatures are generally cooler, ranging from 15-25°C (59-77°F). The reduced sunlight availability during winter can impact agricultural activities and tourism in the region.

Sun’s Role in Agriculture and Tourism

The sun plays a crucial role in agriculture in Kafr Saqr. The abundance of sunlight during the summer months supports the growth and yield of crops such as cotton, tomatoes, and mangoes. The long daylight hours allow for extended periods of photosynthesis, promoting plant growth and fruit production.

Additionally, the sun is a major factor in the tourism industry of Kafr Saqr. The city is home to several beaches and resorts that attract visitors seeking warm weather and sunshine. The clear skies and warm temperatures during the summer months create an ideal environment for swimming, sunbathing, and other outdoor recreation activities.

Moon Observations in Kafr Saqr, Egypt

In Kafr Saqr, Egypt, moon observations play a significant role in daily life. Located in the Nile Delta, the city is known for its clear skies and minimal light pollution, providing ideal conditions for moon viewing. Throughout the month, the moon’s phases are closely monitored by local astronomers, who use traditional methods as well as modern telescopes to track its position and movement. Observations of the moon are used to determine the Islamic calendar, which is based on lunar cycles. Religious holidays and festivals are scheduled accordingly, ensuring their alignment with the lunar phases.

Furthermore, moon observations have practical implications for agriculture in Kafr Saqr. Farmers rely on the moon’s phases to guide their crop cultivation and harvesting practices. For instance, certain crops are planted or watered during specific moon phases, as local wisdom holds that these periods influence plant growth and yield. Additionally, the full moon has traditionally been used as a time for farmers to gather and celebrate their harvests. These long-standing practices underscore the deep connection between moon observations and the cultural fabric of Kafr Saqr.

Seasonal Humidity Patterns

The humidity levels in Kafr Saqr, Egypt, exhibit significant seasonal variations. During the summer months from May to September, humidity levels typically reach their peak. The average relative humidity during this period hovers around 70%, reaching its highest point in July and August when it exceeds 75%. The high humidity during this time stems from the influx of warm and humid air masses from the Mediterranean Sea and the surrounding desert regions.

Winter and Spring Humidity

In contrast to the summer months, humidity levels in Kafr Saqr drop considerably during the winter and spring seasons. The average relative humidity from November to April ranges from 50% to 60%. January and February mark the driest months, with humidity levels dipping below 50%. The lower humidity during this period can be attributed to the prevalence of cold and dry air masses originating from the north and east.

Wind Characteristics

Kafr Saqr, located in the Nile Delta region of Egypt, is characterized by a prevailing northerly wind pattern. The prevailing wind direction is from the north-northeast (NNE), with secondary wind directions from the north (N) and northwest (NW). These winds are primarily driven by the large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns in the region, including the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. The wind speed typically varies between 10-15 knots (5-7.5 m/s), with occasional strong gusts during storms.

Impacts of Wind

The prevailing wind in Kafr Saqr has both positive and negative impacts on the local environment and economy. The strong winds facilitate the generation of wind energy, contributing to the city’s renewable energy portfolio. The wind also helps to disperse air pollution, improving air quality. However, the strong winds can also cause soil erosion, damage crops, and disrupt transportation, particularly during sandstorms. Additionally, the winds can increase the evaporation rate, leading to potential water scarcity in the region.

Spring (March-May):

Spring is an ideal time to visit Kafr Saqr, offering pleasant temperatures and comfortable humidity levels. The average temperature during these months ranges from a warm 15°C to a balmy 25°C, making it perfect for outdoor activities and exploration. The region also experiences moderate rainfall, creating a lush and verdant landscape. Additionally, wildflowers bloom in abundance, adding vibrant colors to the surroundings. This season is also less crowded than the peak summer, allowing visitors to experience the charm of Kafr Saqr without the hustle and bustle.

Autumn (September-November):

Autumn in Kafr Saqr offers a similar respite from the summer heat, with average temperatures ranging from 20°C to 30°C. The humidity levels are also lower, making it a more comfortable time for walking and exploring. This season is characterized by crisp mornings and warm afternoons, providing the perfect conditions for outdoor activities. The landscape transforms from the lush greens of spring to vibrant shades of orange and brown, as the leaves begin to change. Autumn is also a popular time for festivals and cultural events, showcasing the rich traditions of the region.

Kafr Saqr Solar Power Plant

Kafr Saqr Solar Power Plant, located in Sharqia Governorate, Egypt, is the largest solar photovoltaic (PV) plant in North Africa and the Middle East. Launched in November 2019, the plant spans over 12 square kilometers and has a capacity to generate 134 megawatts (MW) of clean, renewable energy. Its 1.1 million solar panels are capable of powering approximately 100,000 homes. The project was implemented by the Egyptian Electricity Transmission Company and involved a consortium of international partners, including China’s TBEA.

Benefits and Impact

The Kafr Saqr Solar Power Plant has significantly reduced Egypt’s reliance on fossil fuels and contributed to its ambitious renewable energy targets. It has also created numerous employment opportunities during construction and operation. Moreover, the plant’s proximity to Cairo, the country’s capital, ensures efficient distribution of the generated power. Additionally, the project has spurred economic growth in the Kafr Saqr area, attracting investment and infrastructure development. By harnessing the abundant solar resources in Egypt, the plant is playing a crucial role in advancing the country’s sustainable energy future.

Kafr Saqr Topography

The topography of Kafr Saqr, Egypt, is defined by its strategic location at the convergence of the Nile Delta and the Mediterranean Sea. The city lies in the Qalyubiyya Governorate, approximately 50 kilometers northeast of Cairo. Kafr Saqr enjoys a relatively flat landscape, with an average elevation of 15 meters above sea level. However, the city is situated in the Nile Delta, which is characterized by fertile agricultural lands and abundant irrigation systems. The Nile River flows through this region, providing a source of water and irrigation for the surrounding areas.

In addition to the Nile, Kafr Saqr is surrounded by a network of canals and waterways. These waterways serve as transportation routes and have contributed to the city’s development as a major agricultural hub. The city is also located near the Mediterranean Sea, which provides access to international trade routes. The combination of its favorable location at the intersection of the Nile Delta and the Mediterranean Sea has made Kafr Saqr an important center for agriculture, commerce, and transportation.

Cairo International Airport (CAI)

Cairo International Airport (CAI) is the nearest major airport to Kafr Saqr, Egypt, located approximately 175 kilometers (110 miles) to the west. It is the primary international gateway to Egypt and serves as a hub for EgyptAir, the national airline. CAI features a modern infrastructure, including three passenger terminals, duty-free shops, restaurants, and other amenities. It offers a wide range of domestic and international flights to destinations across Africa, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East.

Borg El Arab International Airport (HBE)

Borg El Arab International Airport (HBE) is another option for air travel to Kafr Saqr, located approximately 135 kilometers (84 miles) to the northwest. It is a smaller airport compared to CAI but serves as a regional hub for domestic flights within Egypt. HBE offers daily flights to major cities such as Cairo, Luxor, Aswan, and Sharm El-Sheikh. It also handles a limited number of international flights to select destinations in the Middle East and Europe.

History and Culture:

Kafr Saqr is a historic town in the northern Egyptian region of Sharqia, situated on the east bank of the Damietta branch of the Nile River. Its origins date back to Ancient Egypt, evidenced by archaeological findings indicating its importance as a trade and transportation hub. During the Islamic era, Kafr Saqr became an agricultural center and a cultural hub, known for its mosques, tombs, and mausoleums. The town’s rich heritage is reflected in its traditional architecture, vibrant festivals, and the presence of renowned poet and philosopher al-Ma’arri, who lived and wrote in Kafr Saqr in the 11th century.

Modern Development:

In the modern era, Kafr Saqr has undergone significant development and growth. It is a thriving center for agriculture, specializing in the production of cotton, citrus, and other crops. The town is also home to a number of industrial and commercial enterprises, including textile, cottonseed oil, and fertilizer production facilities. Kafr Saqr’s infrastructure has been upgraded with modern transportation networks, educational institutions, and healthcare facilities. It plays an important role in the economic and social life of the Sharqia Governorate, attracting visitors from neighboring areas and beyond. Despite its modernization, Kafr Saqr retains its historic charm and cultural traditions, offering a blend of old-world heritage and contemporary life.