Kafr ash Shaykh Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Egypt

Summer (June-August)

Kafr ash Shaykh experiences sweltering summers with soaring temperatures. Average highs during this period range from 35 to 40 degrees Celsius (95 to 104 degrees Fahrenheit), while lows hover around 25 degrees Celsius (77 degrees Fahrenheit). The heat is accompanied by relentless sunshine, with very little precipitation. Days are typically cloudless, and the humidity levels are generally low. Cooling sea breezes may provide some respite along the coastal areas.

Winter (December-February)

Winters in Kafr ash Shaykh are mild and pleasant. Average temperatures range from 15 to 20 degrees Celsius (59 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit) during the day, dropping to around 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit) at night. Occasional rainfall can occur, but the weather remains mostly dry and sunny. The Mediterranean Sea influences the climate, offering warmer temperatures and a milder atmosphere than farther inland. The humidity levels remain low, making the weather comfortable for outdoor activities.

Summer Temperatures

During the summer months (June to September), Kafr ash Shaykh experiences scorching temperatures, with average highs consistently exceeding 30°C (86°F). The hottest month is typically August, with average temperatures reaching a sweltering 33°C (91°F). Days are characterized by relentless heat and high humidity, while nights offer little respite, with temperatures often remaining above 25°C (77°F). The combination of heat and humidity can make physical exertion uncomfortable and potentially lead to heat-related illnesses.

Winter Temperatures

In contrast to the scorching summers, Kafr ash Shaykh experiences mild winters (December to February). Average temperatures during this time range from 12°C to 16°C (53°F to 61°F), providing a pleasant respite from the summer’s heat. Nights can be cool, with temperatures dipping to an average of 6°C (42°F) in January, the coldest month. However, the weather during the winter months is often unpredictable, with occasional cold fronts bringing periods of rain or even occasional hail.

Cloud Types and Characteristics

The skies of Kafr ash Shaykh in Egypt often feature a diverse array of cloud types. Cumulus clouds, with their characteristic puffy, white appearance, are common during the warmer months. These clouds are associated with convective activity and can produce light rain or showers. Stratus clouds, on the other hand, are flat and gray, and often cover the sky evenly. They can lead to overcast conditions and drizzle. Cirrus clouds are high-altitude clouds made of ice crystals. They are thin and wispy, and often appear as streaks or tufts in the sky.

Cloud Formation and Patterns

Cloud formation in Kafr ash Shaykh is primarily influenced by the interaction of moist air from the Mediterranean Sea with the warm, dry air of the Sahara Desert. When the moist air rises, it cools and condenses to form clouds. The movement of these air masses also affects cloud patterns. For example, when the prevailing wind direction is from the northwest, clouds tend to form over the coastal areas and move inland. Conversely, when the wind direction shifts to the southeast, clouds may dissipate or drift away. Additionally, local topography can also play a role in cloud formation, with higher elevations experiencing more frequent cloud cover.

Seasonal Distribution

Kafr ash Shaykh experiences a distinct seasonal pattern of precipitation. The city receives nearly all of its annual rainfall during the winter months, from November to April. December and January are typically the wettest months, with average monthly precipitation exceeding 50 millimeters (2 inches). During the summer months, from May to October, rainfall is scarce, with most months receiving less than 5 millimeters (0.2 inches) of precipitation. The total annual precipitation in Kafr ash Shaykh is approximately 150 millimeters (6 inches), making it one of the driest regions in Egypt.

Influence of Climate Change

Climate change is projected to have a significant impact on precipitation patterns in Kafr ash Shaykh and the surrounding region. Climate models predict that the area will likely experience an increase in both the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events, such as thunderstorms and flash floods. However, the overall annual precipitation is expected to decrease slightly, primarily due to a reduction in winter rainfall. This shift in precipitation patterns is likely to have significant implications for the agricultural sector, water resources, and infrastructure in Kafr ash Shaykh and beyond.

Annual Rainfall Patterns

Kafr ash Shaykh, Egypt, experiences an arid climate, characterized by extremely low rainfall throughout the year. The average annual precipitation is a meager 60 millimeters (2.4 inches), making it one of the driest regions in the country. Rainfall occurs primarily during the winter months, from November to March, with rare and sporadic showers occurring during the remaining months. The summer months (June to September) are virtually rainless, with an average precipitation of less than 1 millimeter per month.

Climatic Factors Influencing Rainfall

The scarcity of rainfall in Kafr ash Shaykh is attributed to several climatic factors. The city’s location on the northern coast of the country exposes it to the prevailing northwesterly winds that carry dry air from the Mediterranean Sea. As these winds descend along the northern slopes of the Qattara Depression, they undergo adiabatic compression, warming and evaporating any moisture present. Additionally, the city’s proximity to the Sahara Desert, which acts as a formidable barrier against moisture-carrying clouds, further contributes to the aridity.

Causes of the Unusual Snowfall

The snowfall in Kafr ash Shaykh, Egypt, on January 22, 2023, was a rare and extraordinary event attributed to a combination of unique atmospheric conditions. An unusually cold weather front originating from Russia brought freezing temperatures to the region. This cold air mass met with warm and moist Mediterranean air, creating a meteorological phenomenon known as an “upper-level trough.” This trough acted as a conduit for moisture, causing a significant build-up of clouds over the area. As the cold front pushed further south, the interaction between the cold air and the high moisture levels in the clouds resulted in the formation of snowfall.

Impact of the Snowfall

The snowfall in Kafr ash Shaykh was a surreal occurrence for the local population, who were unaccustomed to such weather conditions. The picturesque landscape transformed into a winter wonderland, prompting residents to capture the moment with cameras and celebrate the unique spectacle. However, the snowfall also posed some challenges. Roadways became slippery and impassable, leading to traffic disruptions and school closures. The unexpected winter conditions also affected daily routines and daily life for the community, as people had to adapt to the unfamiliar snowy environment.

Sunrise and Sunset Times

In Kafr ash Shaykh, Egypt, the sun rises and sets at different times throughout the year due to the Earth’s orbit around the sun. During the summer months (June to August), sunrise occurs approximately between 5:00 AM and 5:30 AM local time, while sunset takes place between 7:00 PM and 7:30 PM. During the winter months (December to February), sunrise occurs around 6:30 AM to 7:00 AM, while sunset happens around 5:00 PM to 5:30 PM.

Daylight Hours

The number of daylight hours in Kafr ash Shaykh, Egypt, also varies throughout the year. During the summer months, the days are longer, with approximately 14-15 hours of daylight. In contrast, during the winter months, the days are shorter, with around 10-11 hours of daylight. The longest day of the year occurs around June 21st, with approximately 14 hours and 50 minutes of daylight, while the shortest day of the year falls around December 21st, with approximately 10 hours and 10 minutes of daylight.

Moon Phases in Kafr ash Shaykh, Egypt

Throughout the month, the Moon undergoes various phases observable from Kafr ash Shaykh, Egypt. The lunar cycle begins with the New Moon, when the Moon is not visible from Earth. As the Moon orbits Earth, it becomes gradually more visible, entering the Waxing Crescent, First Quarter, and Waxing Gibbous phases. The Full Moon occurs when the entire face of the Moon is illuminated by the Sun and is visible at night. After the Full Moon, the Moon’s illuminated portion decreases, transitioning through the Waning Gibbous, Third Quarter, and Waning Crescent phases before returning to the New Moon.

Visibility of the Moon in Kafr ash Shaykh, Egypt

The visibility and appearance of the Moon in Kafr ash Shaykh, Egypt, can vary depending on the time of year and weather conditions. During clear weather, the Moon is typically visible throughout the night during its various phases. However, during periods of heavy cloud cover or precipitation, the Moon may not be visible. The best time to observe the Moon is often around sunset or sunrise, when the sky is darker and the Moon’s contrast is more apparent.

Seasonal Humidity Patterns

Kafr ash Shaykh, Egypt experiences significant variations in humidity throughout the year due to its location in the arid subtropical climate zone. During the sweltering summer months from June to September, humidity levels typically hover around 70-80%, creating a muggy and oppressive atmosphere. This high humidity can intensify the perceived heat, making temperatures feel much hotter than they actually are. As the seasons transition into the cooler months from October to May, humidity levels gradually decrease, with average readings ranging from 50-65%. This period offers some respite from the oppressive humidity of summer, although it can still be noticeable during the warmest parts of the day.

Influence on Comfort and Health

High humidity can have a significant impact on human comfort and health. Prolonged exposure to high humidity levels can promote dehydration, as the body must work harder to cool down and maintain its internal temperature. Additionally, high humidity can create an ideal environment for the growth of mold and bacteria, which can aggravate respiratory conditions such as asthma and allergies. During the summer months, it is recommended to stay hydrated, limit outdoor activities during the hottest hours of the day, and seek refuge in air-conditioned environments whenever possible.

Wind Direction and Patterns

Kafr ash Shaykh, located in northern Egypt, experiences a predominantly north-northwesterly wind direction throughout the year. This wind pattern is driven by the prevailing synoptic systems in the eastern Mediterranean region, particularly the Cyprus Low and the Saharan High. During winter, the Cyprus Low intensifies, resulting in stronger north-northwesterly winds along the Egyptian coast. In summer, the Saharan High shifts northward, weakening the north-northwesterly winds and occasionally bringing southerly and southwesterly winds.

Wind Speed and Variability

Wind speeds in Kafr ash Shaykh vary seasonally, with higher speeds observed during winter and lower speeds during summer. The average wind speed during winter months is around 15 knots, while in summer it drops to approximately 10 knots. Maximum wind speeds can exceed 20 knots during winter storms, while the lowest wind speeds occur during summer nights when the land surface cools and the wind weakens. The greatest variability in wind speed is observed during spring and fall, when changes in weather systems can lead to rapid fluctuations in wind speed and direction.

Ideal Time to Visit

The ideal time to visit Kafr ash Shaykh is during the shoulder seasons, which fall from March to May and September to November. During these months, the weather is pleasant and comfortable, with average temperatures ranging between 15°C (59°F) and 25°C (77°F). The skies are typically clear, providing ample sunshine for exploring the city’s attractions. Rainfall is minimal, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities.

Summer and Winter Considerations

The summer months, from June to August, can be extremely hot and humid in Kafr ash Shaykh, with average temperatures soaring up to 35°C (95°F). The humidity can make it uncomfortable for extended periods outdoors. While the winter months, from December to February, are mild, with average temperatures around 10°C (50°F), they can experience occasional cold spells and rainfall. If you visit during the summer, it is important to stay hydrated and seek shade during the hottest parts of the day. In the winter, pack layers of clothing to adjust to the fluctuating temperatures.

Potential for Solar Energy in Kafr ash Shaykh

Kafr ash Shaykh Governorate in Egypt possesses significant potential for solar energy development due to its abundant solar irradiance. The region receives an average of 5.5-6.0 kWh/m²/day, making it suitable for large-scale solar projects. In addition, the governorate has vast areas of undeveloped land, providing ample space for photovoltaic (PV) installations. The development of solar energy could help reduce Kafr ash Shaykh’s reliance on fossil fuels and contribute to its economic growth.

Current Solar Projects and Initiatives

Several solar projects are currently underway or planned in Kafr ash Shaykh. The governorate has partnered with private companies to establish large-scale solar power plants, with a combined capacity of over 1 GW. These projects aim to provide clean and renewable electricity to the region and contribute to Egypt’s national renewable energy targets. Additionally, the Egyptian government is implementing initiatives to promote rooftop solar installations, encouraging homeowners and businesses to adopt solar energy and reduce their energy consumption.

Physical Landscape of Kafr ash Shaykh

Kafr ash Shaykh is an Egyptian governorate situated in the northwestern part of the country, bordering the Mediterranean Sea to the north. The governorate’s topography is predominantly flat, characterized by the Nile Delta region. The Nile River, the lifeblood of Egypt, flows through the southern portion of Kafr ash Shaykh, forming a vast network of canals and tributaries that irrigate the fertile agricultural lands. In the northern part, along the Mediterranean coast, lies a narrow strip of sandy coastline with dunes and occasionally low cliffs. The region’s low-lying nature makes it prone to flooding during periods of heavy rainfall.

Agricultural Significance

The dominant topography of Kafr ash Shaykh has played a vital role in the agricultural development of the governorate. The fertile soil of the Nile Delta, combined with the extensive irrigation system, has transformed the region into a major agricultural hub. Crops such as cotton, rice, vegetables, and fruits are extensively cultivated, contributing significantly to Egypt’s agricultural output. Additionally, the presence of fish farms along the coast and the Nile River adds to the governorate’s agricultural productivity. However, the low-lying topography also poses challenges, as waterlogging and salinity can impact agricultural practices, requiring careful water management strategies.

El Nouzha Airport (ACC)

The nearest airport to Kafr ash Shaykh, Egypt is El Nouzha Airport (ACC), located approximately 12 kilometers (7.5 miles) to the north. It is a domestic airport primarily serving the city of Alexandria and surrounding areas. El Nouzha Airport offers limited flight options, with regular services to and from Cairo International Airport (CAI). The airport is equipped with basic amenities, including a passenger terminal, baggage claim area, and a few food and beverage outlets. Passengers can access ground transportation such as taxis and buses from the airport. Due to its limited capacity and flight options, El Nouzha Airport may not be the most convenient option for international travelers visiting Kafr ash Shaykh.

Borg El Arab International Airport (HBE)

Borg El Arab International Airport (HBE) is another airport located approximately 80 kilometers (50 miles) west of Kafr ash Shaykh. It is a larger and more modern airport, serving both domestic and international flights. Borg El Arab International Airport offers a wider range of flight options, connecting Kafr ash Shaykh to major cities in Egypt and several international destinations. The airport has a more extensive selection of amenities, including a multi-story terminal, duty-free shops, restaurants, and car rental services. It is well-connected to Kafr ash Shaykh by road, making it a more convenient option for travelers seeking a wider range of flight choices and better airport facilities.

Overview of Kafr ash Shaykh: A Historical and Cultural City

Kafr ash Shaykh, located in the northern part of Egypt, holds significant historical and cultural importance. Its origins can be traced back to the pharaonic era, with evidence of settlements dating back to the Old Kingdom. Throughout history, Kafr ash Shaykh has witnessed the rise and fall of several civilizations, including the Greeks, Romans, and Arabs. The city flourished during the Islamic Golden Age, becoming a center of learning and commerce. Today, it remains a vibrant and diverse city with a rich cultural heritage.

Modern Kafr ash Shaykh: A Thriving Metropolis with Abundant Opportunities

Modern Kafr ash Shaykh is a bustling metropolis with a population of over one million inhabitants. The city serves as the capital of the Kafr ash Shaykh Governorate and is a major hub for industry, agriculture, and transportation. Kafr ash Shaykh is home to numerous universities and research institutions, making it a center for higher education and innovation. The city also boasts a vibrant arts and culture scene, with regular festivals, performances, and exhibitions. With its strategic location and thriving economy, Kafr ash Shaykh offers abundant opportunities for residents and visitors alike.