Jeju Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Korea, South

Summer in Jeju

Jeju’s summer months, from June to August, provide a pleasant respite from the sweltering heat of mainland South Korea. Temperatures average a balmy 24°C (75°F), with humidity levels remaining relatively low. The warm temperatures are ideal for swimming, sunbathing, or exploring the island’s pristine beaches and lush forests. However, occasional typhoons can disrupt outdoor activities during this period.

Winter in Jeju

In contrast to its mild summers, Jeju’s winters, extending from December to February, can be quite chilly. Temperatures average around 5°C (41°F), with occasional dips below freezing. Snowfall is rare, but the island often experiences freezing rain, which can create icy conditions on roads and paths. Despite the cold temperatures, Jeju’s winter months offer a unique opportunity to witness the island’s snow-capped volcanic peak, Hallasan Mountain, and to indulge in cozy indoor activities such as visiting museums and art galleries.

Overview of Average Temperature

Jeju Island, commonly known as the “Hawaii of South Korea,” enjoys a mild climate throughout the year. The average annual temperature is approximately 16°C (61°F), which is significantly warmer than the mainland. This favorable climate makes Jeju an attractive destination for domestic and international tourists alike.

Seasonal Variations

The temperature in Jeju varies slightly depending on the season. During the warmest months of July and August, the average temperature can reach highs of up to 28°C (82°F). The winters are relatively mild, with average temperatures hovering around 6°C (43°F) in January and February. However, occasional cold fronts can bring temperatures down to sub-zero levels. Spring and autumn offer pleasant weather, with average temperatures ranging from 12°C to 20°C (54°F to 68°F).

Types and Characteristics

Jeju, an island located off the southern coast of South Korea, is known for its unique and picturesque cloud formations. Due to its maritime location, Jeju experiences a variety of weather patterns that contribute to the formation of diverse cloud types. The most common types of clouds observed in Jeju include cumulus, stratocumulus, and cirrus clouds. Cumulus clouds appear as puffy cotton balls, while stratocumulus clouds form a layered pattern. Cirrus clouds are thin, wispy clouds that appear at high altitudes. Additionally, Jeju is occasionally graced by lenticular clouds, disk-shaped formations that resemble flying saucers or lenses.

Formation and Patterns

The formation of clouds in Jeju is heavily influenced by local topography and atmospheric conditions. The island’s volcanic mountains, such as Mount Hallasan, create updrafts and downdrafts that can lead to the formation of cumulus clouds. The warm and moist air carried by ocean currents also contributes to cloud formation. Jeju experiences a monsoon climate, with distinct wet and dry seasons. During the wet season from June to September, clouds tend to be thicker and more prevalent due to the influx of moisture. In contrast, the dry season from November to May brings clearer skies with fewer clouds.

Pattern and Seasonality

Precipitation in Jeju, South Korea, is characterized by a distinct seasonal pattern. The island receives its heaviest rainfall during the summer months, from June to September, when the southwest monsoon brings warm, moisture-laden air from the ocean. This period accounts for approximately 60% of Jeju’s annual precipitation. Winter, on the other hand, is relatively dry, with precipitation primarily occurring as snow or light rain.

Spatial Distribution and Orography

The spatial distribution of precipitation in Jeju is influenced by the island’s mountainous topography. The central highlands, which rise to over 1,900 meters (6,200 feet), receive significantly more rainfall than the coastal lowlands. The higher elevations act as a barrier to incoming moisture-bearing winds, which condense and release precipitation on the windward slopes. As a result, the eastern and southern slopes of Jeju tend to be wetter than the western and northern slopes.

Precipitation Patterns

Jeju, South Korea, experiences a significant amount of precipitation throughout the year, with an average annual rainfall of around 1,400 mm. The monthly rainfall distribution is relatively even, with precipitation occurring in all months. However, there is a slight increase in rainfall during the summer months (June-August), when the monsoon winds bring moisture from the Pacific Ocean. During this period, heavy downpours and thunderstorms are common.

Seasonal Variations

Winter rainfall in Jeju is generally lower than in other seasons, with January and February being the driest months. In contrast, the summer months bring the most precipitation, with July typically being the wettest month. The island’s topography also plays a role in rainfall patterns, with the windward side of the island receiving more rainfall than the leeward side.

Meteorological Conditions for Snowfall in Jeju

Jeju, the southernmost island of South Korea, is known for its subtropical climate. Snowfall, therefore, is a relatively rare occurrence on the island. However, under specific meteorological conditions, snowfall can occur during the winter months.

When cold air from the north meets warm, moist air from the ocean surrounding Jeju, it creates a favorable environment for snow formation. Typically, this happens when a cold front passes over the island and encounters the warm air from the sea. The combination of cold and moist air leads to cloud formation and precipitation, which can manifest as snow if the temperature is low enough near the ground.

Impact of Snowfall on Jeju

Snowfall in Jeju can have a significant impact on the island’s ecosystem and infrastructure. When snow accumulates, it can lead to icy road conditions, posing a safety hazard for drivers and pedestrians. The weight of snow on trees and power lines can cause damage, leading to power outages and communication disruptions.

Additionally, snowfall can affect tourism on Jeju, particularly during the peak winter season. While some visitors may enjoy the novelty of seeing snow on the island, heavy snowfall can disrupt travel plans and outdoor activities. However, if the snowfall is moderate and manageable, it can attract tourists seeking a unique and picturesque winter experience on the subtropical island.

Sunrise and Sunset

In Jeju, Korea, South, the sun rises earlier and sets later compared to many other parts of the country. This is due to the island’s southern latitude, which gives it longer daylight hours. The approximate sunrise time in Jeju ranges from 6:00 AM to 7:00 AM during the summer months (June-August), and from 7:00 AM to 8:00 AM during the winter months (December-February). Sunset times vary from 6:00 PM to 7:00 PM in the summer and from 5:00 PM to 6:00 PM in the winter. The extended daylight hours provide ample opportunity for outdoor activities, scenic drives, and enjoying the natural beauty of the island.

Seasonal Variations

Jeju’s subtropical climate experiences distinct seasonal variations. Summer months (June-August) are characterized by warm to hot temperatures, with average highs ranging from 28°C (82°F) to 32°C (90°F). The humidity levels are relatively high, making it feel muggy at times. Autumn (September-November) brings cooler temperatures and lower humidity, creating pleasant weather conditions for outdoor activities. Winter months (December-February) are mild by Korean standards, with average temperatures hovering around 8°C (46°F). While snowfall is rare, the island can occasionally experience cold snaps with temperatures dropping below freezing. Spring (March-May) is a vibrant season with blooming flowers and rising temperatures, ushering in warmer weather and longer days.

Moon Viewing in Jeju Island, South Korea

Jeju Island, renowned for its pristine beaches, volcanic landscapes, and UNESCO World Heritage sites, offers an extraordinary experience for moon enthusiasts. The island’s unique geography and remoteness from major urban areas create optimal conditions for celestial observation, making it a prime destination for stargazing and moon viewing.

During the full moon, the sky above Jeju Island transforms into a celestial tapestry. The absence of light pollution allows the moon to shine with unparalleled brilliance, casting an ethereal glow on the surrounding landscape. Visitors can choose from various vantage points to witness this breathtaking sight, including the Seongsan Ilchulbong Peak, the Manjanggul Lava Tube, and the Cheonjeyeon Waterfalls. The island’s beaches also provide a serene and romantic setting for moonlit walks and nocturnal picnics, creating an unforgettable experience under the celestial canopy.

Average Humidity

Jeju, South Korea experiences significant humidity throughout the year due to its geographical location and maritime climate. The average annual humidity hovers around 75%, with higher levels during the summer months (July-August) and lower levels in the winter (December-February). During the summer, humidity levels can reach up to 90%, contributing to a sultry and oppressive atmosphere. In contrast, winter humidity levels typically drop to around 60%, providing some respite from the muggy conditions.

Seasonal Variations

The humidity in Jeju exhibits a noticeable seasonal pattern. During the spring (March-May) and autumn (September-November), humidity levels gradually increase from the low of the winter months. As the summer approaches, humidity surges to its peak, creating an uncomfortable and humid environment. The monsoon season, which occurs from June to July, brings heavy rainfall and further elevates humidity levels. After the monsoon season passes, humidity levels gradually decrease again during the autumn months, reaching their lowest point in the winter.

Wind Patterns and Characteristics

Jeju Island, located off the southern coast of Korea, is renowned for its strong and consistent winds. The island’s unique geographical position between the East Sea (Sea of Japan) and Yellow Sea creates a wind corridor that channels prevailing winds from the northwest and southwest. These winds are particularly strong during the winter months, when the pressure gradient between the cold, dense air over Siberia and the relatively warm air over the ocean steepens. The mean wind speed during January, the windiest month, exceeds 10 meters per second (22 miles per hour).

Impact on Industry and Environment

The strong winds on Jeju Island have a profound impact on both the island’s economy and environment. The reliable wind power has made the island a hub for renewable energy development, with numerous wind farms harnessing the abundant wind resources. The island is home to the world’s largest offshore wind farm, the Shinan Offshore Wind Farm, which generates a significant portion of Jeju’s electricity needs.

Additionally, the strong winds have shaped the island’s landscape, contributing to the formation of unique geological features such as the Seongsan Ilchulbong Peak, a volcanic crater that emerged from the sea during a volcanic eruption. The winds also play a vital role in the island’s ecosystem, influencing vegetation patterns and the migration of birds.

Summer (June-August):

Jeju Island’s summer season offers warm, sunny weather with average temperatures ranging from 25 to 30 degrees Celsius. This is the peak tourist season, as the island becomes a popular destination for beachgoers, hikers, and nature enthusiasts. The clear turquoise waters and sandy shores invite visitors to swim, snorkel, and enjoy water sports. Hikers can explore the island’s scenic trails, including the slopes of Mount Hallasan, the highest peak in South Korea. The summer months also bring vibrant festivals and events, such as the Jeju Fire Festival, where locals set fires to purify the island and welcome the harvest season.

Spring (April-May) and Fall (September-October):

Spring and fall provide slightly cooler temperatures than summer, making them ideal for those seeking outdoor activities without the overwhelming heat. In spring, the island transforms into a carpet of wildflowers, while fall brings vibrant autumn foliage to the forests. These seasons offer opportunities for leisurely hikes, cycling tours, and exploration of Jeju’s many natural attractions, such as the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Manjanggul Lava Tube and the Cheonjiyeon Waterfalls. The milder temperatures also make spring and fall suitable for touring the island’s Buddhist temples, traditional villages, and cultural landmarks.

Current Status and Significance

Jeju Island, South Korea, boasts an abundance of solar energy resources due to its subtropical climate and high annual sunshine hours. The island has emerged as a leading hub for solar energy development in the country. The Jeju government has implemented various policies and incentives to promote the adoption of solar power, including feed-in tariffs and tax breaks for renewable energy projects. As a result, Jeju has attracted significant investments in solar energy development, with numerous solar farms and rooftop solar installations now in operation.

Challenges and Future Prospects

Despite the significant progress made in solar energy adoption, Jeju faces certain challenges. The island’s high population density and limited land availability can constrain the expansion of utility-scale solar farms. Additionally, the intermittent nature of solar power poses challenges for grid integration and stability. To address these challenges, Jeju is exploring innovative approaches, such as the development of floating solar installations on reservoirs and the integration of solar energy with storage technologies. The island is also aiming to become a global leader in hydrogen production from solar power, leveraging its ample renewable energy resources. By embracing advanced technologies and fostering partnerships, Jeju has the potential to further enhance its solar energy industry and contribute to the global transition to clean energy.

Volcanic Origin and Hallasan Mountain

Jeju Island’s unique topography is largely attributed to its volcanic origins. The island was formed by a series of volcanic eruptions over millions of years, resulting in the creation of Hallasan Mountain, the highest peak in South Korea. Hallasan is a shield volcano with a summit caldera known as Baekrokdam, which contains a pristine crater lake. The volcano’s slopes are adorned with a variety of plant life, including dense forests, meadows, and volcanic rock formations.

Coastal Geography and Landscapes

The coastline of Jeju Island is highly diverse, featuring steep cliffs, sandy beaches, and volcanic caves. The southwestern coast is renowned for its dramatic cliffs and waterfalls, while the northern coast boasts pristine sandy beaches and clear waters. The island is also dotted with numerous volcanic cones, craters, and lava tubes, which have created unique and picturesque landscapes. The UNESCO World Heritage-listed Seongsan Ilchulbong Peak, for instance, is a volcanic cone rising from the sea, offering breathtaking views of the sunrise.

Jeju International Airport (CJU)

Jeju International Airport (IATA: CJU, ICAO: RKPC), also known as Jeju Airport, is the main airport serving Jeju Island, South Korea. It is located in the city of Jeju, about 5 kilometers (3.1 miles) from the city center. Jeju International Airport is the fourth busiest airport in South Korea, after Incheon International Airport, Gimpo International Airport, and Daegu International Airport. In 2019, the airport handled over 30 million passengers.

Jeju International Airport has two passenger terminals, Terminal 1 and Terminal 2. Terminal 1 is used for domestic flights, while Terminal 2 is used for international flights. The airport has a wide range of facilities, including duty-free shops, restaurants, and currency exchange services. There is also a bus terminal and a taxi stand at the airport. Jeju International Airport is well-connected to other parts of South Korea and Asia. There are direct flights to major cities in South Korea, as well as to destinations in China, Japan, Taiwan, and other countries.

Tourism in Jeju

Jeju Island, located off the southern coast of South Korea, is renowned for its pristine natural beauty and rich cultural heritage. As one of South Korea’s most popular tourist destinations, Jeju boasts a diverse range of attractions, including volcanic landscapes, crystal-clear waters, and lush forests. Visitors can explore the UNESCO-designated World Heritage Site of Manjanggul Lava Tube, marvel at the volcanic formations of Seongsan Ilchulbong Peak, or relax on the white-sand beaches of Hyeopjae Beach. Jeju is also home to numerous museums, temples, and historical sites, offering a glimpse into the island’s fascinating past.

Unique Geography and Ecology

Jeju Island is a product of volcanic activity, and its unique geographical features have shaped its natural environment. The island’s dominant feature is Mount Hallasan, the highest mountain in South Korea. Hallasan is surrounded by a network of hiking trails that lead through dense forests, past waterfalls, and to the summit, which offers panoramic views of the island. Jeju is also known for its volcanic caves, lava tubes, and unique geological formations. The island’s ecology is equally diverse, with subtropical forests, wetlands, and coastal ecosystems supporting a wide range of plant and animal life. Jeju is a haven for birdwatchers, with over 300 species recorded on the island, including migratory birds and rare endemic species.