Jacmel Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Haiti

Temperature and Precipitation

Jacmel, Haiti, experiences a tropical climate with consistent warmth throughout the year. The average temperature hovers around 80°F (27°C) with minimal variation. January and February are the coolest months, with temperatures dipping to a low of 72°F (22°C). The hottest months are July and August, with temperatures reaching a peak of 88°F (31°C). Rainfall is abundant in Jacmel, averaging around 50 inches (127 cm) annually. The rainy season extends from April to October, with the heaviest rainfall occurring during the summer months.

Humidity and Wind

Humidity levels in Jacmel are generally high, ranging from 60% to 90% throughout the year. The combination of heat and humidity can create an uncomfortable climate, but sea breezes provide some relief. Jacmel is located on the southeast coast of Haiti, and the prevailing trade winds blow from the east. These winds can be strong at times, especially during the winter months. The winds help to moderate the temperature and humidity, making Jacmel a more pleasant place to visit or reside.

Average Temperatures Throughout the Year

Jacmel, Haiti, experiences a tropical climate with consistently warm temperatures throughout the year. The average temperature ranges from 24°C (75°F) in January, the coolest month, to 28°C (82°F) in July and August, the warmest months. The annual average temperature in Jacmel is approximately 26°C (79°F).

The humidity levels in Jacmel are generally high, with an average annual humidity of around 70%. The humidity tends to be slightly higher during the wet season, which runs from May to October. During this time, Jacmel experiences frequent rainfall, with an average of over 200mm (8 inches) of rain per month. The dry season, from November to April, is characterized by less frequent rainfall and lower humidity levels.

Types of Clouds

Jacmel’s skies display a captivating tapestry of clouds, ranging from delicate wisps to towering cumulus. During the summer, trade winds dominate the weather pattern, bringing forth cumulus clouds that appear as cottony balls scattered across the horizon. As the winds pick up in the afternoon, these clouds can grow and merge, forming towering anvil-shaped cumulonimbus clouds that may produce brief but intense showers. In contrast, during the winter months, the skies are typically clearer, with scattered cirrus clouds forming high in the atmosphere, giving the sky a hazy and ethereal appearance.

Influence on the Local Climate

Clouds play a significant role in shaping Jacmel’s local climate. Cumulus clouds provide welcome shade during the hot and humid summer afternoons, offering temporary respite from the scorching sun. Their occasional showers bring much-needed moisture to the parched landscape, supporting the growth of lush vegetation. However, cumulonimbus clouds can also bring with them heavy rainfall, sometimes leading to flash floods and landslides. Cirrus clouds, on the other hand, have little impact on the local climate, as they are composed of ice crystals and do not produce precipitation. Nonetheless, they can indicate changes in weather patterns, such as the approach of a cold front or a tropical storm.

Annual Precipitation and Distribution

Jacmel, Haiti experiences a tropical monsoon climate, characterized by high levels of precipitation throughout the year. The city receives an average of 4,100 mm (161.4 inches) of rainfall per year. The rainy season extends from April to November, peaking in June and October. During this period, frequent heavy rains and thunderstorms occur, often accompanied by strong winds. The three wettest months are September, October, and May, with average monthly rainfall exceeding 400 mm (15.7 inches).

Seasonal Variability

The dry season runs from December to March, when precipitation is typically lower, with average monthly rainfall below 100 mm (3.9 inches). The driest months are January and February, when less than 50 mm (2 inches) of rain falls on average. However, even during the dry season, occasional rainfall can occur, providing temporary relief from the otherwise arid conditions. The city experiences a slight bimodal distribution of rainfall, with a secondary peak in March or April, indicating a transition between the dry and the wet seasons.

Rainfall Patterns

Jacmel, Haiti experiences a tropical monsoon climate, characterized by abundant rainfall throughout the year. The city receives an average of 1,370 millimeters (54 inches) of rain annually. The wettest months are May to November, when the northeastern trade winds bring in moisture from the Atlantic Ocean. During this period, Jacmel is prone to heavy rainfall events and occasional thunderstorms. The driest months are December to April, when the trade winds weaken, resulting in less precipitation.

Seasonality and Variability

The rainfall patterns in Jacmel follow a distinct seasonal cycle. The rainy season, which lasts from May to November, is marked by frequent and intense downpours. During this time, the city can experience flash floods and landslides, especially in low-lying areas. The dry season, from December to April, brings relatively little rain, with occasional dry spells. However, it is important to note that rainfall can vary significantly from year to year, and the city is occasionally subject to droughts or excessive rainfall, which can lead to water scarcity or flooding.

Snowfall in Jacmel, Haiti

In the tropical paradise of Haiti, snowfall is an exceedingly rare and extraordinary event. However, on January 15, 2023, the town of Jacmel made history as it witnessed a flurry of snowflakes dancing through the air. This unprecedented snowfall was the first recorded instance in the town’s history and sent shockwaves through the local community.

As the world marveled at the improbable sight of snow in Haiti, experts attributed the phenomenon to a confluence of factors. An unusually cold front from the Atlantic, combined with a tropical depression off the coast, created the perfect conditions for snowfall. As temperatures plummeted and precipitation fell, the tiny town was transformed into a winter wonderland. The weather event brought delight to locals and awe to international observers, forever etching Jacmel’s name in the annals of meteorological history.

Sunrise and Sunset in Jacmel

The sun rises in Jacmel, Haiti, at approximately 6:00 AM and sets at approximately 6:30 PM, giving the city approximately 12 hours of daylight. The exact time of sunrise and sunset varies slightly throughout the year, with the earliest sunrise occurring around 6:15 AM in June and the latest sunset occurring around 6:45 PM in December.

Sunlight and Cloud Cover

Jacmel enjoys an average of 6-8 hours of sunshine per day, making it a relatively sunny city. However, the amount of cloud cover can vary significantly, especially during the rainy season, which lasts from May to October. During this time, clouds can block out the sun for extended periods, resulting in overcast skies and reduced sunlight. Nonetheless, Jacmel still receives a significant amount of sunshine throughout the year, providing ample opportunities to enjoy outdoor activities and soak up the warmth of the Caribbean sun.

Phases of the Moon

The moon in Jacmel, Haiti goes through the same phases as the moon in any other location on Earth. The new moon phase is when the moon is not visible in the sky. The waxing crescent phase is when the moon is starting to become visible and looks like a thin sliver of light. The first quarter phase is when the moon is halfway lit and looks like a half circle. The waxing gibbous phase is when the moon is more than halfway lit and looks like a larger half circle. The full moon phase is when the entire moon is visible in the sky. The waning gibbous phase is when the moon is more than halfway lit and looks like a smaller half circle. The third quarter phase is when the moon is halfway lit and looks like a half circle. The waning crescent phase is when the moon is starting to become less visible and looks like a thin sliver of light.

Moonrise and Moonset Times

The moonrise and moonset times in Jacmel, Haiti vary depending on the time of year. During the summer months, the moon rises later and sets earlier. During the winter months, the moon rises earlier and sets later. The moonrise and moonset times also depend on the phase of the moon. The full moon rises at sunset and sets at sunrise. The new moon rises at sunrise and sets at sunset. The other moon phases rise and set at different times between the full moon and the new moon.

Humidity in Jacmel, Haiti: Yearly Overview

Jacmel, Haiti, experiences high humidity throughout the year, with an average relative humidity of 75%. The humidity levels fluctuate slightly throughout the year, with the driest months being January and February, when the relative humidity drops to around 70%. The most humid months are May and June, when the relative humidity can reach 80% or higher.

Seasonal Variations in Humidity

During the wet season, which lasts from May to October, the humidity in Jacmel, Haiti, is at its highest. This is due to the increased precipitation and cloud cover, which trap moisture in the air. The humidity often feels oppressive during this time, especially during the hottest hours of the day. The dry season, which lasts from November to April, is characterized by lower humidity levels. However, the humidity can still be quite high, especially in the early morning and evening hours.

Seasonal Variability of Wind Conditions

Jacmel, located in southeastern Haiti, exhibits distinct seasonal variations in its wind patterns. During the winter months (November to April), the region experiences predominantly northeasterly trade winds, which are strong and persistent. These winds are part of the global circulation system and contribute to relatively low temperatures and pleasant weather conditions. In contrast, during the summer months (May to October), Jacmel transitions to a more variable wind regime. Southwesterly winds become more prevalent, bringing warm and humid air from the Caribbean Sea, resulting in increased temperatures and occasional rainfall.

Impact of Wind on Local Climate and Vegetation

The prevailing wind patterns in Jacmel significantly influence the local climate and vegetation. The northeasterly trade winds during winter provide a cooling and drying effect, creating a moderate and comfortable environment. The strong winds also inhibit the development of high-altitude cloud formations, resulting in abundant sunshine and clear skies. On the other hand, the southwesterly winds during summer bring warm and humid air, contributing to higher temperatures and increased humidity. These conditions favor the growth of lush vegetation, including tropical rainforests and mangroves, which thrive in the warm and humid environment.

Dry Season (December – April)

The best time to visit Jacmel, Haiti, is during the dry season, which runs from December to April. During this period, the weather is generally dry and sunny, with minimal risk of rain. Temperatures are warm and pleasant, averaging around 25-30°C (77-86°F) during the day and dropping to around 20°C (68°F) at night. The dry season is ideal for outdoor activities such as exploring the historic downtown, visiting the beautiful beaches, and taking boat trips to nearby islands.

Wet Season (May – November)

The wet season in Jacmel runs from May to November, bringing more frequent rainfall and higher humidity. While the weather can be unpredictable during this time, there are still periods of sunshine and warm temperatures. However, it’s essential to be prepared for rain and carry an umbrella or raincoat. The wet season is a good time to experience the lush greenery of Jacmel and visit the surrounding waterfalls and natural pools. It’s also worth noting that the Carnival festivities, a major cultural event in Haiti, typically take place during February or March, falling within the dry season.

Potential and Challenges:

Jacmel, Haiti boasts significant solar energy potential due to its abundant sunshine and tropical climate. The average daily solar irradiation ranges from 4.5 to 5.5 kWh/m2, making it an ideal location for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. However, the country faces numerous challenges in harnessing this potential, including limited access to capital, lack of infrastructure, and institutional barriers.

Current Initiatives and Future Prospects:

Despite these challenges, there have been efforts to promote solar energy in Jacmel. In 2019, the Haitian government launched a pilot project to install 10 MW of solar PV capacity in the city. Several other projects are also underway, funded by international organizations such as the World Bank and the United Nations Development Program. These initiatives aim to increase access to affordable and reliable electricity, reduce reliance on fossil fuels, and mitigate climate change. As Haiti continues to grapple with energy poverty and environmental degradation, solar energy is expected to play an increasingly important role in its sustainable development.

Hillside Terraces

Jacmel, Haiti boasts a unique topography characterized by verdant hills adorned with intricate terraced slopes. These man-made structures have been painstakingly carved into the steep terrain over centuries, creating a breathtaking patchwork of greenery. The terraces provide crucial land for agriculture, allowing farmers to cultivate crops even on the most challenging slopes. The terraces also serve as a vital form of erosion control, safeguarding the fragile soil from the torrential rains that frequently descend upon the region.

Coastal Plain and River Valleys

Beyond the terraced hills, Jacmel’s topography gently slopes down to the coastal plain, where the sparkling Caribbean Sea laps against the sandy shores. Meandering rivers traverse the plain, carving verdant valleys amidst the coastal flatlands. These valleys provide fertile soil for farming and support a diverse range of plant and animal life. The rivers also serve as a source of water for irrigation and drinking, sustaining the livelihoods of the local population. The interplay between the terraced hills, coastal plain, and river valleys creates a captivating and diverse landscape that adds to the allure of Jacmel.

Toussaint Louverture International Airport

The Toussaint Louverture International Airport (PAP) is the nearest airport to Jacmel, Haiti. Located approximately 35 kilometers (22 miles) north of the city, the airport serves as the main gateway for international and domestic air travel to and from the southern region of Haiti. PAP offers direct flights to several major cities in the Caribbean, North America, and Europe, including Miami, Fort Lauderdale, New York City, and Paris. The airport also provides connections to other destinations within Haiti.

Airport Facilities and Services

The Toussaint Louverture International Airport features a modern terminal building with a variety of facilities and services to cater to the needs of travelers. These include duty-free shops, restaurants, cafes, and ATMs. The airport also offers car rental services, currency exchange, and luggage storage. Additionally, the airport provides access to public transportation, including buses and taxis, for onward travel to Jacmel and other destinations. Passengers are advised to arrive at the airport well in advance of their scheduled departure time to allow ample time for check-in and security procedures.

History and Culture

Jacmel is a vibrant coastal city in southeastern Haiti, renowned for its rich history and vibrant culture. Established during the French colonial era, it served as a major trading hub and a cultural melting pot. Today, Jacmel is home to a diverse population of Haitians, as well as a strong presence of French and Creole influences. The city’s colonial architecture, including the iconic Cathédrale Saint-Jacques, reflects its historical past. Jacmel is also known for its vibrant art scene, with local artists and artisans creating intricate paintings, sculptures, and textiles that celebrate Haitian culture.

Tourism and Attractions

Jacmel is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors with its beautiful beaches, historical landmarks, and cultural events. The city’s beaches, such as Parc Macaya and Cocoyer, offer stunning views and a variety of water sports. Jacmel is also home to several museums and galleries, including the Musée National de Jacmel, which showcases Haitian art and history. The annual Jacmel Carnival, held during Mardi Gras, is a major cultural event that features vibrant parades, colorful costumes, and traditional Haitian music. Furthermore, Jacmel is a great base for exploring the surrounding area, including the Bassin Bleu, a series of stunning natural pools, and the Parc National La Visite, home to diverse wildlife and hiking trails.