Halwan Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Egypt

Seasonal Temperature Variations

Halwan, Egypt, experiences distinct seasonal temperature variations throughout the year. During the summer months (June-September), temperatures soar, with daily highs reaching an average of 35-40°C (95-104°F). At night, temperatures remain relatively high, typically staying above 25°C (77°F). The hottest months are July and August, when temperatures can exceed 40°C (104°F).

In contrast, winter temperatures in Halwan are mild. Daily highs average around 20-25°C (68-77°F) during the period from December to February. At night, temperatures drop significantly, often reaching lows of 10-15°C (50-59°F). January is typically the coldest month, with average temperatures ranging from 14-20°C (57-68°F).

Rainfall and Precipitation Patterns

Halwan receives very little rainfall throughout the year. The average annual precipitation is just 25 mm (1 inch). Most of the precipitation occurs during the winter months, from November to March. However, even during these months, rainfall is infrequent and sporadic. The driest months are the summer months, with virtually no rainfall recorded.

Due to the extremely low rainfall, Halwan has a desert climate. The lack of moisture in the air means that humidity levels are also very low, averaging around 40-50% year-round. This dryness, combined with the high temperatures in the summer, can make the weather feel particularly oppressive.

Average Temperature in Halwan, Egypt: Monthly and Seasonal Variations

The average temperature in Halwan, Egypt varies throughout the year, with distinct seasonal patterns. The warmest months are July and August, with average temperatures hovering around 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit). During these summer months, the sun beats down relentlessly, and the humidity levels can be high, making the weather uncomfortable.

In contrast, the coolest months are January and February, when average temperatures dip to around 15 degrees Celsius (59 degrees Fahrenheit). During these winter months, the nights can be quite chilly, and there may be occasional rainfall. Spring and autumn in Halwan are typically mild, with temperatures ranging from the mid-teens to the mid-twenties Celsius (low sixties to mid-seventies Fahrenheit).

Factors Influencing Average Temperature

Several factors influence the average temperature in Halwan, Egypt. One key factor is the city’s location in the northern part of the country, which means it experiences a Mediterranean climate. This climate is characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. Another factor is the city’s proximity to the Red Sea, which helps to regulate temperatures and provides a source of moisture. Additionally, Halwan’s elevation above sea level (approximately 25 meters or 82 feet) contributes to the city’s relatively mild temperatures compared to other parts of Egypt.

Types of Clouds Observed in Halwan, Egypt

The skies above Halwan, Egypt, showcase a diverse array of cloud formations, primarily influenced by the prevailing climate and weather patterns of the region. These cloud types encompass a spectrum of densities, altitudes, and appearances, offering a fascinating celestial tapestry. Among the common cloud formations observed are cirrus clouds, characterized by their wispy and feathery consistency, and cumulus clouds, known for their puffy and cotton-like appearance. Additionally, nimbus clouds, associated with precipitation, and stratus clouds, which form a uniform, gray blanket, are also frequently witnessed.

Cloud Patterns and Weather Implications

The cloud patterns and their evolution over time hold valuable insights into the upcoming weather conditions in Halwan. Cirrus clouds, often appearing as thin streaks in the sky, indicate fair weather and are typically seen at high altitudes. Cumulus clouds, when observed in isolation, signify pleasant weather, while their transformation into cumulonimbus clouds suggests the potential for thunderstorms. Nimbus clouds, with their dark and menacing appearance, accompany rainfall and are often associated with overcast skies. Stratus clouds, on the other hand, may indicate a prolonged period of drizzle or light rain. Understanding these cloud patterns enables residents of Halwan to anticipate upcoming weather changes and plan their activities accordingly.

Rainfall Patterns

Halwan experiences arid conditions characterized by extremely low precipitation levels throughout the year. Annual rainfall averages a mere 1 millimeter (0.04 inches), making it one of the driest regions in Egypt. Precipitation is particularly scarce during the long and hot summer months, with virtually no rain recorded. The majority of the annual rainfall occurs during the brief winter months, primarily in the form of isolated showers or occasional thunderstorms.

Seasonal Variations

During the winter months (December to February), Halwan witnesses a slight increase in precipitation compared to the rest of the year. While rainfall remains sporadic, it can range from light drizzles to more intense showers. However, these occurrences are relatively infrequent and unpredictable, with long periods of dry weather interspersed between them. The spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) are typically the driest periods in Halwan, experiencing virtually no rainfall. The summer months (June to August) are characterized by relentless heat and extreme aridity, with no recorded precipitation.

Rainfall Patterns

Halwan, Egypt is located in a desert climate, characterized by extremely low levels of rainfall. Annual precipitation typically ranges from 0 to 5 millimeters (mm), with most areas receiving less than 2 mm. Rainfall occurs primarily during the winter months, from November to March, when Mediterranean storms bring occasional rain showers. These showers are often brief and sporadic, and they can vary significantly from year to year. Due to the arid conditions, Halwan and its surrounding areas rely heavily on desalinated seawater for drinking water and agricultural irrigation.

Seasonal Variability

Rainfall in Halwan is highly seasonal, with the vast majority falling during the winter months. January is typically the wettest month, with average rainfall of around 1 mm. In contrast, summer months experience almost no precipitation, with August and September being the driest months. During these months, temperatures can soar above 40 degrees Celsius, and the lack of rainfall can cause severe drought conditions. The arid climate and limited rainfall have shaped the region’s vegetation and agriculture, with drought-tolerant plants and irrigation systems being essential for survival.

Historical Occurrence

The rare phenomenon of snowfall in Halwan, Egypt, occurred on December 13, 2013. Located on the outskirts of Cairo, the city had not witnessed snowfall in recorded history. The unprecedented weather event was caused by an unusually cold snap following several days of heavy rainfall. Snowfall was reported in the city center and surrounding areas, covering rooftops, streets, and parks with a thin layer of white. The snowfall lasted for approximately an hour, leaving residents and visitors alike in awe and astonishment.

Impact and Significance

The snowfall in Halwan was met with a mix of excitement and skepticism. Many locals had never seen snow before, and the event sparked joy and wonder among the community. However, the snowfall also posed challenges for authorities. Traffic was disrupted as roads became icy and slippery, and emergency services worked tirelessly to ensure the safety of residents. The snowfall also highlighted the vulnerability of infrastructure to extreme weather events. Buildings and power lines were damaged by the weight of the snow, and some areas experienced power outages. Despite the challenges, the snowfall in Halwan remains a memorable and significant event in the city’s history, symbolizing the unpredictability of nature and the importance of preparedness for extreme weather.

Sunrise and Sunset Times in Halwan, Egypt

Halwan, a city located just south of Cairo, Egypt, experiences the beauty of the sun’s daily journey. Sunrise in Halwan typically occurs between 5:30 and 6:00 AM throughout the year. The first rays of dawn illuminate the eastern horizon, casting a warm glow over the cityscape. As the sun ascends, the sky transforms into a canvas of vibrant hues, from golden yellow to fiery orange.

Sunset in Halwan is equally captivating. The sun begins its descent in the western sky between 5:30 and 6:00 PM, depending on the time of year. The setting sun paints the horizon with a breathtaking display of colors, ranging from crimson and purple to deep indigo. Twilight lingers for a brief period, allowing the city to bask in the fading light before darkness envelops the land.

Halwan’s Lunar Heritage

Halwan, an ancient city located in southern Egypt, boasts a rich historical connection to the moon. The name “Halwan” itself is derived from the Arabic word for “moon,” attesting to the celestial body’s significance in the city’s identity. Throughout history, the moon has played a central role in Halwan’s religious beliefs, cultural practices, and architectural heritage. The city is home to numerous temples, shrines, and other sacred sites dedicated to lunar deities, such as the temple of Khonsu, the Egyptian god of the moon.

Astronomical Significance

Halwan’s lunar connection extends beyond its cultural and religious significance. In the early 20th century, the city became the site of a renowned astronomical observatory. Established in 1903 by the Egyptian government, the Halwan Observatory played a pivotal role in advancing astronomical research in Egypt and the Middle East. The observatory’s primary focus was on lunar observation, and its astronomers made significant contributions to our understanding of the moon’s surface, motion, and eclipses. The observatory remains active today and continues to be a center for lunar studies and public outreach.

Humidity Levels in Halwan

Halwan, Egypt, experiences varying levels of humidity throughout the year, influenced by its proximity to the Nile River and the Mediterranean Sea. During the summer months, from June to August, relative humidity can reach up to 80%, creating a hot and uncomfortable atmosphere. The high humidity levels are primarily due to the influx of moisture from the Nile River, which evaporates and condenses, increasing the moisture content in the air. The high temperatures during this period further contribute to the discomfort, as the human body struggles to cool down effectively.

Seasonal Variations

In contrast, during the winter months, from December to February, humidity levels drop significantly, reaching as low as 40%. The decrease in humidity is attributed to the cooler temperatures, which reduce the rate of evaporation. The drier air during this time provides a more comfortable outdoor environment, as the body can more easily dissipate heat. Spring and autumn typically bring moderate humidity levels, ranging from 50% to 60%. These seasons offer a balance between the extreme humidity of summer and the dryness of winter, creating a pleasant outdoor experience.

Wind Patterns in Halwan, Egypt

Halwan, located in the southern suburbs of Cairo, Egypt, experiences relatively consistent wind patterns throughout the year. The prevailing wind direction is from the northwest, which brings dry, stable air from the Sahara Desert. The average wind speed ranges from 10 to 15 kilometers per hour, with higher wind speeds during the summer months. During the winter, the wind direction shifts slightly to the north-northeast, bringing moisture and occasional rain from the Mediterranean Sea.

Impact of Wind on Halwan’s Climate

The prevailing wind patterns in Halwan have a significant impact on the city’s climate. The northwest wind contributes to the city’s arid conditions, with low humidity and limited rainfall. The relatively high wind speeds help to dissipate pollutants, contributing to Halwan’s generally clean air quality. Additionally, the wind patterns influence the city’s temperature, with the northwest wind bringing hot, dry air during the summer and cooler, more humid air during the winter.

Best Time for Sightseeing:

Due to its scorching heat, the best time to visit Halwan for leisurely exploration is during the cooler months. From October to April, the weather is generally pleasant with average temperatures ranging from 15 to 22°C (59 to 72°F). The reduced humidity during this period makes it ideal for outdoor activities, such as visiting historical sites, strolling through the city, and exploring the bustling markets. Tourists can comfortably navigate the city without facing extreme discomfort due to excessive heat.

Ideal Time for Cultural Events:

If witnessing cultural events is a primary reason for your visit, plan your trip around specific festivals or traditions. The Halwan Cultural Festival, typically held in March, showcases traditional music, dance, and local crafts. It’s an excellent opportunity to immerse yourself in the city’s vibrant culture. Additionally, the Coptic Christmas (January 7) and Sham El-Nessim (April) are widely celebrated in Halwan, offering an authentic cultural experience. These festive seasons offer a glimpse into the local faith and heritage.

Solar Energy Potential

Halwan, Egypt possesses an exceptional solar energy potential due to its location within the Sun Belt region, characterized by high levels of solar radiation throughout the year. The region experiences an average of 320 sunny days annually, with daily solar radiation exceeding 6 kWh/m². The high solar insolation, coupled with the abundance of open desert land, makes Halwan ideal for the establishment of large-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) plants.

Current and Future Developments

The Egyptian government has recognized the immense potential of solar energy and has initiated several ambitious projects in Halwan. One such project is the Benban Solar Park, which is currently the largest solar park in the world, with a capacity of 1.65 GW. The park spans over 37 square kilometers and consists of over 32 million solar panels. Additionally, several other solar PV projects are either under construction or in the planning stages, further expanding Halwan’s status as a hub for solar energy development. These initiatives are expected to contribute significantly to Egypt’s renewable energy targets and reduce its reliance on fossil fuels.

Geographic Location and General Topography

Halwan, formerly known as Helwan, is a city in northern Egypt, situated approximately 29 kilometers south of Cairo. It is built upon a plateau that overlooks the Nile River and the vast desert to the east. The city is surrounded by limestone hills and wadis, creating a picturesque and rugged landscape.

Specific Geographic Features

Wadi Hof, a tributary of the Nile, runs through the center of Halwan. It forms a narrow gorge with steep sides, creating a distinct topographic feature. The southern part of the city is characterized by the Gebel Ahmar (“Red Mountain”), a prominent hill made of red granite and sandstone. To the east, the Eastern Desert stretches out, a vast and desolate region of hills, sand dunes, and oases.

Cairo International Airport (CAI)

Cairo International Airport (CAI) is the closest airport to Halwan, Egypt. It is an international airport located approximately 25 kilometers northeast of downtown Cairo. The airport serves as the main hub for EgyptAir, the national airline of Egypt, and several other airlines. CAI offers a wide range of domestic and international flights to destinations across the Middle East, Africa, Europe, and Asia.

The airport has three terminals: Terminal 1, Terminal 2, and Terminal 3. Terminal 1 is the oldest terminal and primarily handles domestic flights. Terminal 2 is used for international flights, while Terminal 3 is a new terminal that opened in 2018 and is designed to handle large aircraft and accommodate increased passenger traffic. CAI provides various amenities and services, including duty-free shops, restaurants, cafes, and currency exchange services. There are also several transportation options available to get to and from the airport, including taxis, buses, and the Cairo Metro.

Borg El Arab Airport (HBE)

Borg El Arab Airport (HBE) is another airport located approximately 80 kilometers west of Halwan. It is a smaller airport primarily used for domestic flights and some international charter flights. HBE serves as a regional hub for EgyptAir and offers connections to several destinations within Egypt. The airport has one terminal and provides basic amenities and services. Transportation options to and from the airport include taxis and airport shuttle services.

History of Halwan, Egypt

Halwan, an ancient city located in the Giza Governorate of Egypt, holds a rich and captivating history. Its origins can be traced back to the Old Kingdom of Egypt, where it served as a center for stone quarrying and a vital source of building materials for the construction of the pyramids and other monumental structures. During the Middle Kingdom, Halwan rose to prominence as a major industrial hub, renowned for its pottery and textile production. The city continued to prosper in the New Kingdom and Late Period, serving as a significant commercial and cultural center.

Modern-Day Halwan

In contemporary times, Halwan has transformed into a bustling metropolis, home to over 600,000 residents. It stands as an important industrial and economic center, housing numerous factories and manufacturing plants. The city boasts a modern infrastructure, including well-developed transportation networks, educational institutions, and healthcare facilities. Halwan is particularly renowned for its textile industry, which continues to contribute significantly to the Egyptian economy. Additionally, the city has become a popular destination for tourism due to its historical landmarks and cultural heritage.