Duitama Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Colombia

Climate

Duitama, Colombia has a temperate climate with a mean average temperature of 14 degrees Celsius (57 degrees Fahrenheit) throughout the year. The highest temperatures generally occur in the month of September where it can reach up to 18 degrees Celsius (64 degrees Fahrenheit). The coldest month is January where it can reach 12 degrees Celsius (53 degrees Fahrenheit). Precipitation is distributed evenly throughout the year, with the wettest month being May with an average of 23 centimeters (9 inches) of rain.

Average Weather Year Round

In January, the average temperatures are between 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit) and 22 degrees Celsius (71 degrees Fahrenheit). Expect intermittent showers with an average of 10 centimeters (4 inches) of rainfall. February also brings showers with an average of 12 centimeters (5 inches) of rainfall, with temperatures ranging from 11 degrees Celsius (51 degrees Fahrenheit) to 22 degrees Celsius (71 degrees Fahrenheit). March offers a bit of a respite from the rain with an average of 5 centimeters (2 inches) of rainfall. Temperatures are similar to February, ranging from 11 degrees Celsius (51 degrees Fahrenheit) to 23 degrees Celsius (73 degrees Fahrenheit).

Annual Temperature Trend

Duitama, Colombia, experiences a relatively stable temperature throughout the year. The city’s high altitude, located at an elevation of over 2,500 meters, moderates its climate, resulting in consistent and mild temperatures. On average, the annual temperature in Duitama hovers around 14.5 degrees Celsius (58 degrees Fahrenheit). The warmest months occur from December to March, with average temperatures ranging from 15 to 16 degrees Celsius (59 to 61 degrees Fahrenheit). During the cooler months, from June to September, temperatures generally dip to around 13 degrees Celsius (55 degrees Fahrenheit).

Seasonal Variations

Despite the overall stable temperature, Duitama experiences subtle seasonal variations. The rainy season, which typically lasts from April to November, brings cooler and wetter weather, with average daily temperatures ranging from 12 to 15 degrees Celsius (54 to 59 degrees Fahrenheit). The dry season, from December to March, offers warmer and drier conditions, with average temperatures reaching 16 degrees Celsius (61 degrees Fahrenheit). During this time, the city experiences plenty of sunshine and clear skies. However, it’s important to note that even during the cooler months, temperatures rarely drop below 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit).

Cloud Formation and Dynamics

In Duitama, Colombia, cloud formation is influenced by the city’s high altitude, which is approximately 2,500 meters above sea level. The cooler temperatures at this elevation promote the condensation of water vapor, leading to the formation of clouds. Moreover, the city’s location within the tropical rainforest region of the Andes Mountains contributes to the abundance of moisture in the atmosphere, further aiding cloud formation.

Cloud Types and Precipitation

Duitama experiences a variety of cloud types, each associated with distinct weather patterns. Cumulus clouds, with their fluffy, cotton ball-like appearance, are common during sunny weather. Stratus clouds, which appear as a uniform gray layer, often bring light drizzle or mist. Cumulonimbus clouds, characterized by their anvil-shaped tops, are associated with thunderstorms and can produce heavy rainfall. Precipitation in Duitama is generally moderate throughout the year, with the wet season occurring during the months of April to November and the dry season from December to March.

Precipitation Patterns in Duitama, Colombia

Duitama, located in the eastern Andes mountains of Colombia, experiences significant precipitation throughout the year. The city has a bimodal precipitation pattern, with two distinct wet seasons and two dry seasons. The first wet season lasts from March to May and is influenced by the northward movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). During this period, heavy rainfall is common, with the city receiving an average of 120 mm of precipitation per month. The second wet season occurs from October to November and is associated with the southward movement of the ITCZ. This season is typically less intense than the first, with an average of 80 mm of precipitation per month.

Annual and Seasonal Precipitation Distribution

Duitama receives an average annual precipitation of 850 mm. However, there is considerable variation in precipitation throughout the year. The wettest months are April and May, with an average rainfall of 150 mm each. The driest months are January and February, with an average rainfall of less than 20 mm each. The city’s precipitation patterns are also influenced by its topography. The eastern slopes of the Andes receive more precipitation than the western slopes, due to the effects of orographic lift. As a result, the eastern suburbs of Duitama tend to be wetter than the western suburbs.

Rainfall Patterns

Duitama, Colombia experiences a bimodal rainfall pattern, characterized by two distinct wet seasons. The first wet season occurs from March to May, corresponding to the Northern Hemisphere spring, and the second from September to November, aligning with the Northern Hemisphere fall. These periods account for approximately 60% of the city’s annual precipitation. The remaining months constitute the dry seasons, with the most significant rainfall deficit occurring during December to February.

Rainfall Variability and Trends

The amount of rainfall in Duitama varies significantly both within and between years. Annual rainfall typically ranges from 700 to 1200 millimeters, but extreme events can cause substantial deviations from this range. In recent decades, a slight increase in overall rainfall has been observed, attributed to changes in global climate patterns. However, the timing and intensity of rainfall have also become more variable, increasing the risk of floods and droughts. The city has experienced both extended periods of heavy rainfall and severe dry spells, posing challenges for water management and agriculture.

Causes of Snowfall in Duitama

Snowfall in Duitama, Colombia, is an uncommon occurrence, as Colombia is typically known for its warm, tropical climate. However, in 1980, the city experienced a significant snowfall event due to a combination of factors.

Firstly, a low-pressure system, originating from the Caribbean Sea, caused a surge of cold air to flow into the region. This air mass transported moisture and cold temperatures, creating the right conditions for snowfall. Additionally, the prevailing wind direction pushed the cold air towards Duitama, situated at an altitude of approximately 2,500 meters above sea level, enhancing the likelihood of snow accumulation.

Impact of Snowfall in Duitama

The snowfall event in Duitama disrupted the city’s daily life and caused widespread amazement among the residents. The snow accumulation hindered transportation, as roads became impassable, and schools and businesses were forced to close. The unusual weather phenomenon also attracted tourists from neighboring regions who were eager to witness the snow-covered landscape.

Moreover, the snowfall had a positive impact on the city’s water resources. The snowpack gradually melted over time, replenishing the aquifers and providing a valuable source of water for the local population. The snow also acted as a natural insulator, protecting crops and vegetation in the surrounding areas from the harsh cold.

Historical Context

Duitama’s earliest inhabitants were the Muisca people, who established a significant spiritual and political center in the area known as the “Temple of the Sun.” This monumental structure, constructed in the 15th century, served as a site for religious rituals and ceremonies and was renowned for its intricate goldwork and astronomical observations. The arrival of Spanish conquistadors in the 16th century disrupted the Muisca civilization, but the Temple of the Sun remains a testament to their advanced culture.

Modern Significance

Today, Duitama is a thriving city that maintains a strong connection to its indigenous heritage. The city center is home to the Museum of the Sun, which houses a vast collection of Muisca artifacts and provides insight into their daily lives, spiritual beliefs, and technological advancements. The museum also features a reconstruction of the Temple of the Sun, offering visitors a glimpse into this iconic structure’s grandeur. Additionally, the surrounding Boyacá region is famed for its stunning natural beauty, with picturesque landscapes, emerald-green mountains, and crystal-clear lakes, which draw tourists from around the world.

Moonrise and Moonset Times

The moon’s appearance in the sky over Duitama, Colombia, varies throughout the month due to the Earth’s rotation and the moon’s orbit around the Earth. The exact time of moonrise and moonset changes daily. To find the most accurate information, it’s recommended to consult an astronomical calendar or website that provides location-specific data.

Moon Phases

As the moon revolves around the Earth, its illuminated portion changes, resulting in different moon phases. In Duitama, Colombia, you can witness the full range of moon phases, including new moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, third quarter, and waning crescent. The moon’s phase influences its visibility and the amount of light it reflects, which can impact nighttime activities and the appearance of the night sky.

Average Humidity Levels in Duitama, Colombia

Duitama, located in the central Andean region of Colombia, experiences relatively consistent humidity levels throughout the year. The average relative humidity in the city ranges between 70% and 85%, with minimal variations between seasons. However, during the rainy season, which typically occurs from April to May and from October to November, humidity levels can temporarily rise to over 90%.

Factors Influencing Humidity Levels in Duitama

The high humidity in Duitama is primarily influenced by several factors, including its geographic location, topography, and altitude. The city is situated in a valley surrounded by mountains, which restricts air circulation and traps moisture. Additionally, Duitama’s elevation of approximately 2,500 meters (8,200 feet) above sea level contributes to higher humidity levels as the air becomes denser with increasing altitude. Furthermore, the city’s proximity to Lake Tota, the largest lake in Colombia, located just northeast of Duitama, also contributes to the prevailing humid conditions.

Wind Patterns

Duitama, located in the mountains of Colombia, experiences consistent wind patterns influenced by its topography. The prevailing wind direction is from the northeast, which aligns with the orientation of the mountain ranges that surround the city. These winds tend to be strong and gusty, especially during the afternoon and evening hours. Conversely, winds from the southwest are weaker and less frequent. Duitama is situated at a relatively high elevation above sea level, which also contributes to the strong winds.

Seasonal Variations

Wind patterns in Duitama exhibit seasonal variability. During the dry season, from December to March, the northeast winds are more pronounced, bringing with them dry and dusty conditions. In contrast, during the rainy season, from April to November, the southwest winds become more noticeable, bringing moisture and precipitation. The transition between seasons is marked by a period of variable wind directions and increased wind speeds. Overall, Duitama experiences a moderate to high windiness throughout the year, with the strongest winds occurring during the afternoons.

Summer: March to May

Duitama, Colombia experiences a tropical savanna climate, with two distinct seasons: wet and dry. The best time to visit Duitama is during the summer season, which runs from March to May. During this time, the weather is generally dry and sunny, with average temperatures ranging from 15 to 25 degrees Celsius (59 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit). This makes it an ideal time to explore the city’s many outdoor attractions, such as Parque Nacional del Chicamocha and the Pantano de Vargas. Additionally, the summer season is a good time to visit the city’s many museums and historical sites.

Winter: November to February

The winter season in Duitama runs from November to February. During this time, the weather is generally wet and rainy, with average temperatures ranging from 10 to 20 degrees Celsius (50 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit). While the winter season is not as ideal for outdoor activities, it is a good time to visit the city’s many indoor attractions, such as the Museo Arqueológico y Etnológico de Duitama and the Centro Cultural y de Convenciones de Duitama. Additionally, the winter season is a good time to experience the city’s vibrant nightlife scene.

Current Solar Energy Utilization:

Duitama, a city in Colombia, currently utilizes solar energy to a limited extent. Due to the presence of cloud cover and rainfall throughout the year, the city’s solar potential has not been fully harnessed. The penetration of solar energy in households and businesses is relatively low, with most electricity being generated from traditional sources. However, there has been a growing interest in solar power in recent years, driven by rising energy costs and a desire to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.

Future Potential and Development:

Despite the current challenges, Duitama has significant potential for solar energy development. The city receives an average of 4.5 kWh/m2/day of solar radiation, which is comparable to many other locations in the world with successful solar energy programs. With advancements in solar technology and decreasing costs, it is expected that solar energy will become more competitive in the future. The government and private sector are actively involved in promoting solar energy, providing incentives and investing in infrastructure. By leveraging its solar potential, Duitama can diversify its energy mix, reduce its carbon footprint, and contribute to the country’s energy security goals.

Topography of Duitama, Colombia

Duitama is nestled in the heart of the Tenza Valley, a fertile basin that lies within the Eastern Cordillera of the Colombian Andes. The city is surrounded by rolling hills and verdant valleys, with the iconic Mesa de los Santos rising to the west and the majestic Sierra Nevada del Cocuy National Park dominating the eastern horizon. The Tenza River meanders through the valley, providing a vital water source and dividing the city into two distinct regions.

The topography in and around Duitama is characterized by a complex interplay of geological processes. The valley was formed by the uplifting of the Andes Mountains, which caused the Tenza River and its tributaries to erode the land over millions of years. The result is a landscape that is both diverse and scenic, with hillsides covered in lush vegetation, cascading waterfalls, and tranquil lakes. The presence of the Mesa de los Santos, a flat-topped mountain, adds a unique touch to the region, providing panoramic views of the surrounding countryside.

El Yopal Airport (EYP)

El Yopal Airport, officially known as El Alcaraván Airport, is the nearest airport to Duitama, Colombia. It is approximately 61 kilometers (38 miles) away and is located in the city of El Yopal, in the Casanare Department. El Yopal Airport is a small airport with only one runway, and it serves primarily domestic flights. The airport is connected to several major cities in Colombia, including Bogotá, Medellín, and Bucaramanga.

Other Nearby Airports

While El Yopal Airport is the nearest airport to Duitama, there are other airports within a reasonable driving distance. One option is the Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport (GPI) in Bogotá, which is the largest airport in Colombia and offers a wider range of domestic and international flights. GPI is approximately 185 kilometers (115 miles) from Duitama, and the drive takes about three and a half hours. Another option is the Camilo Daza International Airport (CUC) in Cúcuta, which is located 200 kilometers (124 miles) from Duitama. CUC has a smaller range of flights compared to GPI, but it may offer more convenient connections to certain destinations.

About Duitama, Colombia

Duitama, known as the “Pearl of Boyacá,” is a city located in the central part of Colombia, in the department of Boyacá. It is the capital of the Tundama Province and is situated at an altitude of approximately 2,500 meters above sea level. The city has a population of around 120,000 inhabitants and is a major economic and cultural center of the region. Duitama is a vibrant city with a rich history and culture. It is home to several museums, universities, and cultural institutions, and it hosts a variety of festivals and events throughout the year.

The history of Duitama dates back to pre-Columbian times. The area was inhabited by the Tundama people, who established a chiefdom that flourished for centuries. In the 16th century, the Spanish conquistadors arrived in the area and founded the city of Duitama in 1555. The city played an important role in the Colombian Independence movement and was a center of the Revolutionary War. In the 19th century, Duitama became a major agricultural and commercial hub, and its economy continued to grow in the 20th century with the development of industries such as textiles, food processing, and tourism. Today, Duitama is a thriving city with a diverse economy and a strong cultural identity.