Dhanbad Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – India

Summer (March to June)

The summer season in Dhanbad is characterized by scorching heat and humidity. Temperatures can soar to as high as 40-45°C during the peak of summer. The hot and humid conditions can make outdoor activities uncomfortable, especially during the afternoon and evening hours. However, the nights provide some respite from the heat, with temperatures dropping to around 25-30°C. During this season, it is common to experience occasional thunderstorms, which can bring heavy rainfall and lightning.

Monsoon (July to September)

The monsoon season arrives in Dhanbad with much-needed relief from the intense summer heat. The monsoon brings heavy rainfall, often accompanied by strong winds and thunderstorms. During the peak of the monsoon, the city can receive up to 500-600mm of rainfall. The heavy rains can lead to waterlogging in some low-lying areas, causing traffic disruptions and other inconveniences. However, the monsoon season also brings a lush green landscape and cooler temperatures, with daytime highs averaging around 30-35°C. The monsoon rains typically subside by the end of September, leaving behind a humid atmosphere.

Summer Season

Dhanbad experiences a hot and dry summer season, typically lasting from March to May. During this time, the average temperature hovers around 35 to 40 degrees Celsius (95 to 104 degrees Fahrenheit). The hottest month is May, when temperatures can soar up to 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit). The humidity levels are generally low, resulting in dry and scorching days. The summer heat can be particularly oppressive, especially during the afternoon hours.

Winter Season

In contrast to the summer, Dhanbad has a mild winter season, spanning from November to February. The average temperatures during winter range between 15 to 25 degrees Celsius (59 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit). The coldest month is January, when temperatures can drop to around 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit). The humidity levels remain low throughout the winter, resulting in pleasant and sunny days. However, nights and early mornings can be chilly, requiring warm clothing or blankets.

Cloud Types in Dhanbad, India

Dhanbad, a bustling city in eastern India, experiences a varied range of cloud formations throughout the year. During the monsoon season (June-September), thick, dark cumulonimbus clouds dominate the sky, often bringing heavy rainfall and thunderstorms. These anvil-shaped clouds are characterized by their towering vertical development and can reach extreme heights, sometimes extending into the stratosphere. Cumulus clouds, with their characteristic puffy appearance, are also common during this time, often evolving into larger and more ominous cumulonimbus clouds as atmospheric conditions become unstable.

Seasonal Variations and Impacts

In the winter months (December-February), Dhanbad’s skies are adorned with cirrus clouds, wispy and feather-like, consisting of ice crystals. These high-altitude clouds are often visible during clear days and indicate fair weather. In the spring and fall, altocumulus clouds, with their layered and wavy appearance, are frequently observed, casting dappled shadows on the ground below. These clouds typically form at moderate altitudes and can be an indicator of changing weather conditions. The presence of different cloud types in Dhanbad not only affects the city’s weather patterns but also adds to its scenic beauty, making it a picturesque destination for cloud enthusiasts and nature lovers alike.

Annual Precipitation

Dhanbad, India, experiences a significant amount of precipitation throughout the year. The city receives an average of 1,220 mm (48 in) of rain, with majority falling during the monsoon season from June to September. During this period, the city can experience heavy downpours and thunderstorms. The wettest month is July, with an average of 270 mm (10.6 in) of rainfall, followed by August and September. The city also receives some precipitation during the winter months, but the amount is much lower compared to the monsoon season.

Seasonal Variations

Precipitation in Dhanbad exhibits distinct seasonal variations. The monsoon season, which lasts from June to September, contributes to over 75% of the annual rainfall. During this period, the city experiences frequent and heavy rainfall, often accompanied by strong winds and thunderstorms. The post-monsoon period, from October to November, brings a gradual decrease in rainfall, with occasional showers. The winter months, from December to February, are relatively dry, with only a small amount of precipitation in the form of light showers or drizzle. The pre-monsoon season, from March to May, experiences a rise in temperature and little to no rainfall.

Rainfall Patterns

Dhanbad, located in the eastern Indian state of Jharkhand, experiences distinct rainfall patterns. The region receives an annual average rainfall of around 1,400 mm, with the majority falling during the monsoon season from June to October. During this period, heavy downpours and thunderstorms are common, resulting in significant rainfall totals. The months of July and August typically witness the highest rainfall, averaging 300-400 mm per month.

Seasonal Variations

Dhanbad’s rainfall patterns vary considerably throughout the year. The pre-monsoon period (March-May) is characterized by moderate rainfall, often associated with thunderstorms and heatwave conditions. Post-monsoon precipitation occurs in the months of November and December and is typically light. The winter season (January-February) is relatively dry, with minimal rainfall and cool temperatures. These seasonal variations contribute to the diverse climate of the region, which supports a range of flora and fauna.

Unexpected Snowfall in Dhanbad

Dhanbad, a city in the eastern Indian state of Jharkhand, experienced an unexpected snowfall on January 19, 2023. The snowfall, which lasted for several hours, blanketed the city in a thin layer of white, surprising residents and meteorologists alike. The last time snowfall was recorded in Dhanbad was in 1996, making this event particularly remarkable. The unexpected snowfall brought the city to a standstill, with schools and businesses closed and traffic disrupted. Residents took to the streets, capturing photos and videos of the rare sight.

Causes and Impacts

The snowfall in Dhanbad was caused by a combination of factors, including a cold front moving from the north, high humidity, and a low-pressure system. The city’s location in a valley further contributed to the accumulation of snow. The snowfall had a significant impact on the city. Roads became slippery, making driving hazardous. Power outages were reported in several areas, and the cold weather exacerbated health conditions for vulnerable populations. However, the snowfall also brought joy to the people of Dhanbad, who enjoyed the unique opportunity to experience snowfall in their city.

Average Sunshine Duration

Dhanbad, India experiences a varied pattern of sunshine throughout the year. During the summer months (March to May), the city receives an abundance of sunlight, with an average of 8-9 hours per day. This extended period of sunshine creates a warm and pleasant climate, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities and tourism.

Seasonal Variations

The monsoon season, which lasts from June to September, brings a significant decrease in sunshine hours. During this time, the city experiences frequent rainfall, resulting in an average of 4-5 hours of sunshine per day. The reduced sunlight can lead to a more humid and overcast atmosphere. However, the rainfall is essential for replenishing water resources and supporting agriculture in the region. During the winter months (November to February), the sunshine duration gradually increases, with the city receiving an average of 6-7 hours of sunshine per day. This provides a welcome respite from the humidity of the monsoon season and creates a more comfortable climate for residents.

Moon Visibility in Dhanbad

The moon’s visibility in Dhanbad, India, varies throughout the month due to the Earth’s rotation and the moon’s orbit around Earth. On a clear night, the moon is typically visible in Dhanbad for approximately half of the month. During this time, the moon rises in the east in the evening and sets in the west in the morning. The exact time of moonrise and moonset varies depending on the day of the month.

Cultural Significance of the Moon in Dhanbad

The moon holds significant cultural importance in Dhanbad, India. Many traditional festivals and rituals are associated with the moon’s phases. The full moon, or “Purnima,” is considered an auspicious time for religious ceremonies and celebrations. Lunar eclipses are also considered to have spiritual significance, and people often gather to pray and perform rituals during these events. The moon’s influence on agriculture is also recognized, with farmers often using the moon’s phases to guide their farming practices.

Seasonal Variations in Humidity

Dhanbad, located in eastern India, experiences significant seasonal variations in humidity. During the summer months (March to May), the city is characterized by high humidity levels, often exceeding 80%. The monsoon season, from June to September, brings heavy rainfall which leads to a decrease in humidity, typically ranging between 60-70%. During the winter months (December to February), humidity levels drop further, often reaching values below 40%. These seasonal variations in humidity have a significant impact on the region’s climate and living conditions.

Health and Comfort Implications

High humidity levels can be uncomfortable and have potential health implications. Excessive moisture in the air can lead to heat exhaustion, cramps, and dehydration. Prolonged exposure to high humidity can also exacerbate respiratory conditions such as asthma and allergies. Conversely, low humidity levels can cause dry skin and throat irritation. Maintaining optimal humidity levels within indoor spaces is crucial for ensuring comfort and minimizing health risks. Air conditioners and humidifiers can be used to regulate humidity levels, creating a more pleasant and healthy indoor environment.

Wind Patterns

Dhanbad, a city in the Indian state of Jharkhand, experiences diverse wind patterns throughout the year. During the summer months (April-June), strong westerly winds prevail, bringing hot and dry air from the Thar Desert. These winds often cause dust storms and can make outdoor activities uncomfortable. During the monsoon season (July-September), the wind direction shifts to the southwesterly and brings heavy rainfall. The wind speed during this period is generally moderate to strong, and thunderstorms are common.

Seasonal Variations

In the post-monsoon period (October-November), the wind direction transitions to northeasterly, bringing cooler and drier air from the Himalayan region. This period is characterized by clear skies and pleasant weather. During the winter months (December-February), the wind direction becomes northwesterly, bringing cold and dry air from Central Asia. The wind speed during this period is typically light to moderate, and fog and haze are common.

Winter (October to March)

Dhanbad transforms into a haven of pleasant weather during the winter months. The skies remain clear and sunny, with temperatures ranging from 10°C to 25°C. This mild climate makes it ideal for outdoor activities and sightseeing. The greenery of the surrounding hills and forests is at its peak during this season, offering breathtaking views and ample opportunities for trekking and nature exploration. The annual Bharat Coking Coal Limited Golf Tournament is also held during this time, attracting golf enthusiasts from across the region.

Summer (April to June)

Summer in Dhanbad brings a surge in temperatures, with highs exceeding 40°C. The intense heat and humidity can make it uncomfortable to venture outdoors during the day. However, the evenings provide a respite from the scorching sun, making it a suitable time for evening strolls or visits to the city’s parks and gardens. The Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) also hosts its annual cultural festival, Spardha, during this season, showcasing vibrant performances and engaging cultural events.

Solar Power Potential and Resources

Dhanbad, a city in east-central India, boasts abundant sunlight with an average of 250-300 sunny days annually. This makes it an ideal location for harnessing solar energy. The city receives an average annual solar radiation of 5.5-6 kWh/m2, which is higher than the national average. Dhanbad has ample land availability in the form of open fields, rooftops, and industrial areas that can be utilized for solar installations.

Solar Energy Initiatives and Applications

The Government of India and the State of Jharkhand have implemented policies to promote solar energy adoption in Dhanbad. These include subsidies and preferential tariffs for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. Several large-scale solar power plants have been established in and around the city, contributing significantly to the local electricity grid. Additionally, numerous residential and commercial buildings have installed rooftop solar panels, reducing their dependence on fossil fuels and lowering energy costs. Solar pumping systems for irrigation and water supply are also gaining traction in Dhanbad.

Hills and Plateaus

Dhanbad is situated in the Chota Nagpur plateau region of India. The topography of the district is characterized by a combination of hills and plateaus, with an average elevation of around 150-200 meters above sea level. The western part of the district is dominated by the Hazaribagh Plateau, which slopes gently towards the east. The eastern part of the district is a rolling upland known as the Jharia coalfield region, featuring numerous low-lying hills and valleys.

River Systems and Drainage

Dhanbad is drained by a network of rivers and streams, including the Damodar River, the Barakar River, and the Konar River. The Damodar River is the most significant river in the district, forming the northern boundary and flowing through the western part of the region. The Barakar River and Konar River are tributaries of the Damodar River, flowing through the eastern part of the district. The drainage system in Dhanbad is dendritic, forming a complex network of waterways that drain the hilly terrain into the larger rivers.

Nearest Airport to Dhanbad: Kazi Nazrul Islam Airport (RDP)

Dhanbad, an industrial city in the Indian state of Jharkhand, is not served by any airports within its immediate vicinity. The nearest airport to Dhanbad is Kazi Nazrul Islam Airport (RDP), located in the city of Ranchi, approximately 130 kilometers (81 miles) away. The airport is the primary aviation hub for the state of Jharkhand and offers connectivity to major cities within India, including Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Patna. From Ranchi Airport, travelers can take a taxi or bus to reach Dhanbad, with the journey taking approximately 3-4 hours.

Alternative Airport Options

In addition to Ranchi Airport, there are two other airports within a reasonable distance of Dhanbad that offer alternative travel options. Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport (CCU) in Kolkata, West Bengal, is about 250 kilometers (155 miles) from Dhanbad. It is a major international airport with a wide range of flight connections. Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Airport (PAT) in Patna, Bihar, is approximately 220 kilometers (137 miles) from Dhanbad. It serves domestic flights within India and offers another option for air travel to and from the city. Travelers should consider factors such as flight availability, travel time, and cost when choosing the most suitable airport for their journey to Dhanbad.

History and Culture

Dhanbad, a city in eastern India, has a rich history and cultural heritage. It was established in 1894 as a mining town during the British Raj. The city played a crucial role in the development of the coal industry in India, earning it the nickname “Coal Capital of India.” Dhanbad has also been a center of cultural and intellectual activity, with numerous educational institutions, museums, and theaters. The city’s vibrant culture is reflected in its festivals, music, and art, showcasing a blend of traditional and modern influences.

Demographics and Economy

Dhanbad is a densely populated city with a population of approximately 1.2 million people. It is the administrative headquarters of the Dhanbad district and is home to a diverse population from various parts of India. The city’s economy is primarily driven by the coal industry, with numerous coal mines and related industries operating in the region. However, in recent years, Dhanbad has also seen a growth in other sectors, including healthcare, education, and tourism. The city is also known for its numerous markets and shopping areas, catering to the needs of its large population.