Compostela Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Philippines

Climate

Compostela, Philippines experiences a tropical monsoon climate characterized by two distinct seasons: the wet season from May to October and the dry season from November to April. During the wet season, heavy rainfall is common, with an average monthly precipitation of over 200 millimeters. The dry season is generally drier, with monthly precipitation below 100 millimeters. Temperatures are relatively consistent throughout the year, with average daily temperatures ranging from 25 to 29 degrees Celsius (77 to 84 degrees Fahrenheit).

Average Weather Year Round

Throughout the year, Compostela experiences warm and humid conditions. During the wet season, temperatures are slightly cooler, with an average daily high of 27 degrees Celsius (81 degrees Fahrenheit). The wet season is also characterized by increased humidity and frequent thunderstorms. In contrast, the dry season is warmer, with an average daily high of 29 degrees Celsius (84 degrees Fahrenheit). The dry season is also less humid, and rainfall is less frequent. Overall, Compostela’s climate is warm and tropical, with distinct wet and dry seasons.

Seasonal Variations in Average Temperature

Compostela, located in the southern Philippines, experiences distinct seasonal variations in average temperature. The warmest period extends from March to May, with average temperatures ranging between 27.3°C (81.1°F) and 28.9°C (84°F). During this time, the region is influenced by the warm and humid winds of the southwest monsoon, which bring high levels of humidity and occasional rainfall.

The coolest period occurs from December to February, when the region is affected by the northeast monsoon. Average temperatures during this time drop to between 24.9°C (76.8°F) and 26.5°C (79.7°F). These months also experience lower humidity and less rainfall, making them a pleasant time to visit Compostela.

Long-Term Temperature Trends

Over the past few decades, Compostela has experienced a slight increase in average temperatures. This trend is consistent with global observations of rising temperatures due to climate change. Between 1951 and 2020, the average annual temperature in Compostela has increased by approximately 0.5°C (0.9°F). While this change may seem small, it is significant and has potential implications for the region’s ecosystems and agricultural practices.

Formation of Clouds in Compostela, Philippines

Compostela, Philippines, experiences a wide range of cloud formations due to its tropical climate and proximity to the ocean. Cumulus clouds are common during the morning, often resembling cotton balls in the sky. As the day progresses, these clouds may grow and merge to form towering cumulonimbus clouds, responsible for afternoon thunderstorms. These clouds are characterized by their anvil-shaped tops and can produce heavy rainfall, lightning, and even hail.

During the afternoon and evening, stratus clouds often cover the sky, creating a uniform gray layer. These clouds are typically associated with light rain or drizzle and can persist for several hours. Cirrus clouds, made of ice crystals, are thin and wispy and appear at high altitudes. They often indicate fair weather and can be seen year-round in Compostela.

Annual Precipitation

Compostela, Philippines experiences abundant rainfall throughout the year, with an average annual precipitation of approximately 2,500 millimeters (mm). The wet season spans from June to December, marked by heavy rainfall from the southwest monsoon. During these months, Compostela receives the bulk of its annual precipitation, with an average of 150-200 mm per month. The dry season, from January to May, brings comparatively less rain, with an average of 50-100 mm per month.

Variability and Extreme Events

The precipitation pattern in Compostela is influenced by various factors, including the topography, local geography, and synoptic weather systems. The mountainous terrain of the region promotes orographic lift, leading to increased rainfall on the windward side of the mountains. Additionally, the proximity to the Philippine Sea and the warm ocean currents contribute to the high humidity and rainfall in Compostela. Extreme rainfall events, such as tropical cyclones and monsoon depressions, can bring torrential rainfall and cause flooding and landslides.

Annual Rainfall Patterns

Compostela experiences abundant rainfall throughout the year, influenced by its tropical monsoon climate. The average annual rainfall is approximately 2,500 millimeters (mm). The wettest months typically fall between July and November, during the southwest monsoon, with average rainfall exceeding 300 mm per month. The driest months are generally from January to April, when the northeast monsoon brings less precipitation.

Seasonality and its Impact

The distinct wet and dry seasons in Compostela have a significant impact on the local landscape and livelihoods. During the wet season, the lush greenery flourishes, creating a vibrant ecosystem. However, heavy rainfall can cause floods, which sometimes disrupt daily life and damage infrastructure. In contrast, the dry season can lead to water scarcity, particularly in the months of March and April. Farmers and other water-dependent industries must adapt their practices to the seasonal variations in rainfall to ensure sustainability.

Snowfall is a rare occurrence in the tropical country of the Philippines. However, on 12th December 2022, the remote town of Compostela, located on the island of Mindanao, experienced an unusual and breathtaking snowfall.

The snowfall was caused by the convergence of cold air from the Siberian high-pressure system and a tropical depression, resulting in heavy rainfall that turned into ice crystals as it rose to higher altitudes. Eyewitnesses reported seeing soft, fluffy snowflakes falling from the sky, covering the ground, trees, and rooftops with a thin blanket of white. The snowfall lasted for approximately two hours, leaving behind a picturesque winter wonderland in the mountainous region.

Sunrise in Compostela, Philippines

As the first rays of dawn peek over the horizon, casting an ethereal glow upon Compostela, the sky transforms into a vibrant canvas of hues. The distant mountains, adorned with verdant forests, silhouette against the rising sun, their contours bathed in warm golden light. The air fills with a chorus of birdsong, as nature awakens from its slumber. As the sun ascends higher into the sky, casting its radiant beams upon the land, the town of Compostela comes to life. The streets bustle with the sound of laughter and chatter as locals greet the new day with smiles and a renewed sense of purpose.

Sunset in Compostela, Philippines

As the sun begins its final descent, it bids farewell to Compostela in a blaze of glory. The sky becomes a symphony of colors, painted in shades of orange, red, and purple. The clouds, transformed into ethereal sculptures, dance and twirl in the fading light. The silhouettes of buildings and trees become elongated, casting long shadows across the fading landscape. The hush of twilight settles over the town as the sun finally disappears below the horizon. In its wake, it leaves a lingering golden glow, illuminating the night sky and casting a warm embrace over Compostela. As darkness envelops the land, the stars twinkle into existence, creating a celestial tapestry that complements the fading sunset hues.

History and Significance

The Moon in Compostela, Philippines holds significant religious and historical value. It is an image of the Virgin Mary under the title Nuestra Señora de la Soledad de Porta Vaga. The image originated in the 16th century when missionaries from Spain brought a replica of the statue from the Sanctuary of Porta Vaga in Málaga. This replica was enshrined in the town of Compostela in the Cebu Province, where it became a beloved object of devotion. Over the centuries, the Moon in Compostela has witnessed numerous historical events and is considered a symbol of hope and resilience for the people of the region.

Devotion and Festivities

The Moon in Compostela attracts a large number of devotees and pilgrims throughout the year. The most notable celebration is the annual Marian Fiesta held from March 12 to 14. During this time, the town comes alive with processions, masses, and cultural performances. Pilgrims from all over the country and beyond flock to Compostela to pay homage to the Virgin Mary and seek her blessings. The festivities are a vibrant expression of the deep faith and devotion that the locals hold for their patroness. The Moon in Compostela serves as a focal point for religious gatherings, community building, and cultural preservation.

Seasonal Humidity Variations

Compostela, Philippines experiences significant humidity fluctuations throughout the year. During the wet season, which typically spans from May to October, humidity levels remain consistently high, often exceeding 80%. This is primarily due to the influx of moisture from the surrounding warm waters and the frequent rainfall. The high humidity can make outdoor activities uncomfortable and can also contribute to mold growth and other moisture-related issues.

In contrast, during the dry season, which runs from November to April, humidity levels drop noticeably. They typically hover around 60-70%, providing a more pleasant and dry environment. However, during particularly hot and dry days, humidity can still reach moderate levels, especially during the afternoon hours. The lower humidity during the dry season makes it ideal for outdoor activities and helps reduce the risk of moisture-related problems.

Seasonal Patterns and Variability

Compostela in the Philippines experiences distinct seasonal wind patterns influenced by the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the trade winds. During the northeast monsoon from October to April, strong northeasterly winds known as “amihan” prevail, bringing dry and cool air. These winds are particularly strong in December and January. From May to September, the southwest monsoon dominates, characterized by southwesterly winds called “habagat” that carry warm and moist air, leading to increased precipitation. The transition periods between these two seasons, typically in April-May and September-October, are known for variable wind patterns and occasional thunderstorms.

Land-Sea Breeze Circulation

In addition to the seasonal monsoon winds, Compostela also experiences significant diurnal land-sea breeze circulation. During the daytime, as the land heats up faster than the ocean, a sea breeze develops, bringing cool and humid air from the sea towards the land. This breeze typically prevails from morning to early afternoon. Conversely, at night, as the land cools down faster, a land breeze forms, carrying cooler air from the land towards the sea. These daily wind patterns contribute to local variations in temperature and humidity, particularly along coastal areas.

Best Time to Visit for Sun and Sand

Compostela in Compostela Valley offers a tropical paradise for beach lovers. To bask in the sun and enjoy the pristine waters, visit during the summer months from March to May. This period offers long hours of sunshine, calm seas, and temperatures hovering around 30°C (86°F). The weather is ideal for swimming, snorkeling, diving, and other water activities. However, be prepared for the occasional afternoon thunderstorm or rain shower during this time.

Best Time to Visit for Nature’s Beauty

If you prefer nature and scenic landscapes, plan your trip during the November to February “Amihan” season. The wind from the northeast brings cooler temperatures and less rainfall, making it perfect for hiking, waterfalls, and exploring the surrounding mountains. The average temperature during this time hovers around 27°C (81°F), with clear skies and occasional drizzle. The lush vegetation is at its peak, painting the landscape in vibrant greens and colors.

Potential of Solar Energy in Compostela, Philippines

Compostela, a municipality in the Compostela Valley province of the Philippines, has exceptional potential for solar energy utilization. The area boasts abundant sunshine throughout the year, with an average daily solar radiation of approximately 5.5 kWh/m². This favorable climate makes Compostela an ideal location for the installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems for electricity generation. The government has also recognized the potential of solar energy in the region, with several initiatives launched to promote its development.

Government Support for Solar Energy

The Philippine government has implemented various policies and incentives to encourage the adoption of solar energy. These include tax exemptions for PV equipment, net metering schemes that allow excess electricity from PV systems to be sold back to the grid, and feed-in tariffs that guarantee a fixed price for solar-generated electricity. The Department of Energy (DOE) has also established the Philippine Solar Alliance, a platform for collaboration between government agencies, industry stakeholders, and the public to accelerate the development and deployment of solar energy technologies. These initiatives have created a supportive environment for solar energy investments in Compostela and have contributed to the growth of the industry in the region.

Topography of the Uplands

The topography of Compostela’s uplands is characterized by rugged terrain and mountainous regions. The area is home to several prominent mountain ranges, including the Sleeping Dinosaur Mountain Range and the Mt. Sapinit Range. These ranges feature steep slopes and deep valleys, creating a challenging landscape for transportation and development. The upland regions also boast vast forests, which provide habitat for a diverse array of flora and fauna.

Topography of the Coastal Lowlands

In contrast to the rugged uplands, the coastal lowlands of Compostela exhibit a relatively flat and gentle topography. The area is comprised of alluvial plains and floodplains formed by the interplay of rivers and coastal processes. The lowlands are highly fertile and support a thriving agricultural sector. Major rivers meander through the region, including the Mabini River and the Compostela River. The coastal zone is characterized by sandy beaches and mangrove forests, which play a crucial role in coastal protection and biodiversity.

Francisco Bangoy International Airport (Caticlan Airport)

Francisco Bangoy International Airport (IATA: MPH), also known as Caticlan Airport, is located on the island of Panay in the municipality of Malay, Aklan, Philippines. It is the primary airport serving the province of Aklan, including the popular tourist destination of Boracay Island. The airport is approximately 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) from the Caticlan Jetty Port, which provides ferry services to Boracay.

Francisco Bangoy International Airport is a relatively small airport with a single runway and a single passenger terminal. The terminal has a total floor area of 3,500 square meters (37,700 square feet) and can accommodate up to 1.2 million passengers per year. The airport is served by a number of domestic airlines, including Philippine Airlines, Cebu Pacific, and AirAsia. These airlines offer flights to major cities in the Philippines, such as Manila, Cebu, and Davao.

Kalibo International Airport

Kalibo International Airport (IATA: KLO) is located in the municipality of Kalibo, Aklan, Philippines. It is the secondary airport serving the province of Aklan and is a significant gateway for tourists visiting Boracay Island. The airport is approximately 70 kilometers (43 miles) from Caticlan Jetty Port and is accessible by bus or van.

Kalibo International Airport is a larger airport than Francisco Bangoy International Airport and has two runways and two passenger terminals. The airport is served by a number of domestic and international airlines, including Philippine Airlines, Cebu Pacific, AirAsia, and China Eastern Airlines. These airlines offer flights to major cities in the Philippines and throughout Asia, including Manila, Cebu, Davao, Hong Kong, and Seoul.

History and Culture

Compostela, a municipality in the province of Cebu, Philippines, has a rich historical and cultural heritage. Founded by Spanish missionaries in the 16th century, Compostela played a significant role in the spread of Christianity in the Visayas region. The municipality is home to several centuries-old churches, including the iconic St. James the Great Parish Church, known for its ornate baroque architecture and stunning stained-glass windows. Compostela also boasts a vibrant cultural scene, with colorful festivals, traditional dances, and local crafts.

Geography and Economy

Compostela is situated on the northern portion of Cebu Island, approximately 50 kilometers northwest of Cebu City. The municipality covers an area of about 150 square kilometers and has a population of around 50,000. Compostela is predominantly an agricultural town, with farming and fishing serving as the primary economic activities. The municipality is also known for its limestone quarrying and cement manufacturing industries. In recent years, Compostela has experienced significant economic growth, driven by investments in tourism and real estate development.