Companiganj Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Bangladesh

Temperature and Precipitation

Companiganj experiences a tropical wet and dry climate, characterized by hot and humid summers and mild, dry winters. The average temperature throughout the year ranges from 13°C (55°F) in January to 33°C (91°F) in April. The hottest months are March and April, while December and January are the coolest. Precipitation is heaviest during the monsoon season, which lasts from May to October. During this period, the area receives an average of 2,000 mm (79 in) of rainfall. The driest months are from November to March, when rainfall is minimal.

Humidity and Wind

Humidity levels in Companiganj are generally high, especially during the monsoon season. The average humidity level throughout the year is around 80%, reaching its peak in July and August. Winds are generally light to moderate, with the predominant direction being from the south or southwest. The wind speed is strongest during the monsoon season and can reach speeds of up to 30 km/h (19 mph).

Seasonal Variations

Companiganj experiences distinct seasonal variations in temperature. During the winter months (December-February), the average temperature ranges from 16°C to 22°C. In the summer, from March to May, temperatures soar to an average of 30°C to 35°C. The monsoon season, which lasts from June to September, brings heavy rainfall, with average temperatures ranging from 26°C to 30°C.

Yearly Average and Extremes

The yearly average temperature in Companiganj is approximately 26°C. However, extreme temperatures can occur. During winter, temperatures can dip below 10°C, while summer temperatures can reach up to 40°C. The highest recorded temperature in Companiganj was 42.6°C, while the lowest was 6.5°C. These extreme temperatures are rare, but they highlight the potential for significant temperature variations in the region.

Cloud Cover in Companiganj, Bangladesh

Companiganj, located in the north-eastern region of Bangladesh, experiences significant variations in cloud cover throughout the year. During the monsoon season, which typically spans from June to September, the skies are often overcast with thick cumulonimbus clouds. These clouds bring abundant rainfall to the region, providing essential moisture for agricultural activities. Outside the monsoon season, the cloud cover is more variable. From October to March, the skies are often clear or partly cloudy, facilitating ample sunshine. However, occasional fronts and low-pressure systems can bring periods of cloudiness and precipitation.

Impact of Cloud Cover on Local Climate

The cloud cover in Companiganj plays a crucial role in shaping the local climate. During the monsoon season, the overcast skies reduce the amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth’s surface, resulting in cooler temperatures. The rainfall associated with these clouds replenishes water bodies and sustains the ecosystem. In contrast, during the dry season, the clearer skies allow for increased solar heating, leading to warmer and drier conditions. The lack of cloud cover also reduces precipitation, which can sometimes result in drought-like conditions. Overall, the cloud cover in Companiganj is an important factor in the local climate, influencing temperature, precipitation, and the overall livability of the region.

Monthly Precipitation Patterns in Companiganj, Bangladesh

Companiganj, Bangladesh experiences significant variations in precipitation throughout the year. The monsoon season, from June to September, brings heavy rainfall, accounting for over 80% of the annual precipitation. During this period, monthly rainfall can exceed 300 mm, with heavy downpours occurring frequently. The wettest month is July, receiving an average of over 400 mm of precipitation. In contrast, the winter months (November to March) are much drier, with monthly precipitation typically below 50 mm. The driest months are December and January, which receive about 10 mm of rainfall each.

Impact of Precipitation on Agriculture and Water Resources

The high precipitation in Companiganj supports agriculture, with rice being the primary crop cultivated during the monsoon season. The abundant rainfall ensures adequate water availability for irrigation, allowing for multiple rice harvests throughout the year. However, excessive rainfall during the monsoon can also cause flooding, damaging crops and infrastructure. Moreover, the lack of rainfall during the winter months can lead to water shortages, affecting both agricultural activities and domestic water supply. To mitigate these challenges, water management systems, such as reservoirs and irrigation canals, have been implemented to regulate water flow and ensure water availability throughout the year.

Seasonal Rainfall Patterns

Companiganj experiences a distinct seasonal rainfall pattern influenced by the monsoon system. During the monsoon season from June to September, the region receives the majority of its rainfall, characterized by heavy downpours and frequent thunderstorms. These intense precipitation events often lead to flooding and landslides in vulnerable areas. In contrast, the dry season extends from October to May, with significantly reduced rainfall.

Rainfall Variability and Climate Change

Rainfall variability in Companiganj is a significant concern, as it can impact agricultural productivity, water availability, and overall economic stability. Climate change is expected to further exacerbate rainfall variability, leading to more frequent and intense extreme weather events. This includes an increase in the frequency of heavy rainfall events and prolonged droughts during the dry season. Understanding and mitigating the impacts of climate change on rainfall patterns is crucial for ensuring the sustainability and resilience of Companiganj’s communities.

Impact of Snowfall on Agriculture

The snowfall in Companiganj, Bangladesh, brought unexpected challenges to the local agricultural sector. Standing crops, particularly mustard and lentil fields, were severely damaged due to the weight of the snow and sub-freezing temperatures. Farmers reported significant crop losses, affecting their livelihoods and the overall agricultural production in the region. The impact extended to vegetable cultivation, with crops like tomato, cauliflower, and cabbage being adversely affected, leading to a shortage and price hikes in local markets.

Humanitarian Aspects and Relief Efforts

The heavy snowfall also brought humanitarian challenges to Companiganj. Shelters and homes were damaged, leaving many families without adequate protection from the freezing weather. The local administration and aid organizations swiftly deployed teams to assess the situation and provide assistance to affected communities. Emergency shelters were set up to accommodate the displaced, while blankets, warm clothing, and food were distributed to ensure the well-being of those impacted. The government and non-governmental organizations worked tirelessly to meet the immediate needs of the population and support their recovery from the unexpected snowfall.

Sunlight Intensity in Companiganj, Bangladesh

Companiganj, situated in the Noakhali district of Bangladesh, experiences significant variations in sunlight intensity throughout the year. During the summer months, from March to May, the region receives intense sunlight with long daylight hours. The mean daily solar radiation during this period ranges from 20 to 25 megajoules per square meter (MJ/m2), providing ample sunshine for various activities.

Seasonal Variations in Sunlight Availability

However, sunlight intensity in Companiganj is subject to marked seasonal variations. During the monsoon season, from June to September, the region experiences frequent rainfall and cloud cover. This leads to a significant reduction in sunlight, with mean daily solar radiation dropping to around 10-15 MJ/m2. As a result, the availability of sunlight for outdoor activities is limited during these months.

Implications for Local Life and Economy

The seasonal variations in sunlight intensity have a notable impact on local life and the economy in Companiganj. Agriculture, a primary source of livelihood for the population, is heavily dependent on sunlight for crop growth. During the summer, farmers take advantage of the abundant sunshine to cultivate various crops, including rice, vegetables, and fruits. In contrast, during the monsoon season, reduced sunlight availability can hinder crop production and lead to lower yields.

Impact on Local Culture

The presence of the moon in Companiganj, Bangladesh, has had a profound impact on local culture. The lunar cycle has guided the rhythms of life for centuries, influencing religious practices, festivals, and agricultural activities. During the full moon, known as “Purnima,” devotees gather at local temples and mosques for special prayers and rituals. Farmers rely on the lunar calendar to determine the optimal time for planting and harvesting crops. The moon’s ethereal glow also serves as a source of inspiration for local artists, poets, and musicians.

Lunar Tourism

The unique lunar landscape of Companiganj has attracted tourists from around the world. During the annual “Purnima Mela,” thousands of visitors flock to the city to witness the breathtaking sight of the full moon rising over the tranquil waters of the Meghna River. The festival is a vibrant celebration of traditional Bangladeshi culture, featuring music, dance, food stalls, and fireworks. Tourists can also explore the nearby “Moon Resort,” a luxury hotel built on a secluded island, offering stunning views of the lunar landscape.

Average Humidity Levels

Companiganj, a city in Bangladesh, experiences significant humidity throughout the year. The average annual humidity is around 80%, indicating an almost constant presence of moisture in the air. During the monsoon season (June to October), humidity levels soar to an average of 90%, creating a sweltering and uncomfortable atmosphere. In the dry season (November to May), humidity levels drop slightly to an average of 70%, but the air remains noticeably humid.

Seasonal Variations

Humidity levels in Companiganj vary significantly throughout the year. During the monsoon season, the influx of moisture-laden air from the Bay of Bengal results in extremely high humidity. The air feels heavy and oppressive, with minimal air movement. In the dry season, the humidity levels decrease as the monsoon winds recede and the air becomes drier. However, even during this period, humidity levels remain relatively high compared to other regions. The lack of significant temperature fluctuations throughout the year contributes to the consistent presence of humidity, making it a defining characteristic of the local climate.

Wind Patterns
Companiganj, located in the northeastern region of Bangladesh, experiences significant wind activity throughout the year. During the pre-monsoon (March-May) and monsoon (June-September) seasons, the predominant winds are southwesterly to south-southeasterly. These winds carry moisture from the Bay of Bengal, leading to heavy rainfall and occasional cyclones. During the post-monsoon (October-November) and winter (December-February) seasons, the winds shift to a more northerly direction, influenced by the northeast monsoon. These winds are generally drier and cooler.

Wind Speed and Direction
The average wind speed in Companiganj ranges from 2 to 5 meters per second (4.5 to 11 miles per hour) in the winter season and 4 to 7 meters per second (9 to 15 miles per hour) during the summer monsoon season. The strongest winds are typically observed during pre-monsoon thunderstorms and cyclones, when gusts can reach speeds of up to 25 meters per second (55 miles per hour) or higher. The prevailing wind direction during the summer monsoon season is from the south-southwest, while in the winter season, the winds blow primarily from the north-northeast.

Dry Season (October-March)

Companiganj, the coastal region of Bangladesh, experiences a distinct dry season from October to March. This period is characterized by clear skies and minimal rainfall, making it an ideal time to explore the natural wonders and cultural attractions of the area. Visitors can enjoy the pristine beaches of Cox’s Bazar, the largest unbroken beach in the world, or embark on boat tours to explore the nearby islands and mangrove forests. The dry season is also a popular time for festivals and events, including the vibrant Pahela Baishakh (Bengali New Year) celebrations in mid-April.

Rainy Season (April-September)

The rainy season in Companiganj lasts from April to September and brings significant rainfall. While the weather can be unpredictable during this time, it also offers unique opportunities to experience the region’s lush greenery and abundant wildlife. The rains nourish the rice paddies and the surrounding countryside, creating a picturesque landscape. During the monsoon season, visitors can seek shelter from the rain in the historical temples and mosques of the area, or enjoy the tranquility of the numerous canals and waterways that crisscross the region.

Solar Radiation Potential

Companiganj, a sub-district in Noakhali, Bangladesh, receives abundant solar radiation throughout the year. According to the Bangladesh Meteorological Department, the average daily solar insolation ranges from 4.5 kWh/m2 during the monsoon season to 6.5 kWh/m2 during the dry season. This makes solar energy a viable renewable energy option for the region.

Solar Power Projects

Several solar power projects have been implemented in Companiganj to harness the available solar radiation. In 2013, the Bangladesh Power Development Board commissioned a 5 MW grid-connected solar power plant in Dakua village. The project has contributed to reducing the electricity deficit in the area and providing clean and affordable energy to the local community. Additionally, numerous solar home systems have been installed in rural households, providing access to electricity for lighting, phone charging, and other basic needs.

General Topography

Companiganj, located in the southeastern region of Bangladesh, is characterized by a relatively flat and low-lying topography. The average elevation is around 3-5 meters above sea level, with slight variations across the region. The area is predominantly composed of riverine floodplains and deltaic sediments, created by the vast network of rivers and tributaries that crisscross the region. The Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers have played a significant role in shaping the landscape, depositing alluvial soils and forming numerous channels and waterways.

Water Bodies and River Systems

Companiganj is home to a complex network of rivers, canals, and water bodies. The Meghna River, a major distributary of the Ganges, forms the western boundary of the region. Numerous other rivers and channels branch off from the Meghna, such as the Dhaleshwari, Arial Khan, and Nagri Rivers. These rivers and channels are an integral part of the local ecosystem, providing water for agriculture, transportation, and fisheries. Additionally, several wetlands and lakes are found within the region, adding to the intricate aquatic mosaic of Companiganj.

Sylhet Osmani International Airport (ZYL)

The nearest airport to Companiganj, Bangladesh is Sylhet Osmani International Airport (ZYL), situated approximately 50 kilometers (31 miles) away. It is the third largest airport in Bangladesh and serves as a major transportation hub for the northeastern region of the country. ZYL offers regular domestic flights to the capital city of Dhaka, as well as international connections to several cities in India, Nepal, and the Middle East.

Upon arrival at ZYL, travelers can take a taxi or rent a car to reach Companiganj. The journey typically takes around 1-1.5 hours, depending on traffic conditions. Alternatively, there are bus services available from the airport to Sylhet city, from where one can board a connecting bus to Companiganj. This option may take slightly longer but is more budget-friendly than a taxi or rental car.

History and Culture

Companiganj, a municipality in Noakhali District, Bangladesh, has a rich historical and cultural heritage. The region dates back to ancient times, with evidence of human settlements dating to the 7th century. During the Sultanate period, Companiganj played a significant role as a commercial and maritime hub. The town witnessed the rise and fall of several Muslim dynasties, leaving behind a legacy of architectural marvels such as the Sona Masjid and the Husain Shahi Mosque, which showcase the architectural prowess of the time.

Economy and Infrastructure

Today, Companiganj is a thriving industrial and commercial center. It is home to numerous textile mills, rice-processing plants, and other industries. The municipality also boasts an extensive network of roads and waterways, facilitating trade and transportation. The Companiganj River, which flows through the town, is used for fishing and recreational purposes. The town is well-equipped with educational institutions, hospitals, and other public amenities, catering to the needs of its growing population.