Columbia Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – United States

Summer and Spring

Columbia enjoys warm, humid summers with average temperatures ranging from 75°F to 85°F (24°C to 29°C). The hottest months are July and August, with temperatures occasionally reaching into the 90s (°F). During these months, Columbia experiences moderate rainfall and occasional thunderstorms. Spring brings pleasant weather with average temperatures ranging from 55°F to 75°F (13°C to 24°C). April and May are typically the wettest months, with frequent showers and thunderstorms.

Fall and Winter

Fall in Columbia is characterized by mild temperatures, ranging from 45°F to 65°F (7°C to 18°C). As October and November progress, temperatures begin to drop, signaling the onset of winter. Winter in Columbia is relatively mild compared to other parts of the United States. Average temperatures range from 25°F to 45°F (-4°C to 7°C), with occasional snowfall and freezing temperatures. However, severe winter weather is infrequent, and the city typically experiences more temperate conditions.

Average Temperature in Columbia, United States

Columbia, located in the central region of South Carolina, experiences a humid subtropical climate with distinct seasonal variations. The city has a relatively mild climate year-round, with an average annual temperature of 61.8°F (16.6°C). Summers in Columbia are typically hot and humid, with average high temperatures ranging from 85°F (29°C) to 90°F (32°C). July is the warmest month, with an average high of 90.7°F (32.6°C). Nights during the summer months remain warm, with average low temperatures staying in the mid-70s Fahrenheit (23-24°C).

Winters in Columbia are generally mild, with average low temperatures ranging from 36°F (2°C) to 40°F (4°C). January is the coldest month, with an average low of 35.1°F (1.7°C). Snowfall is infrequent in Columbia, averaging only about an inch per year. Spring and fall in Columbia provide pleasant weather, with average temperatures ranging from the mid-50s Fahrenheit (12-13°C) to the mid-70s Fahrenheit (23-24°C).

Cloud Types and Distributions

Columbia, South Carolina, experiences a variety of cloud types throughout the year, influenced by its humid subtropical climate. Cumulus clouds, characterized by their puffy, cotton-like appearance, are common during the summer months. These clouds often indicate fair weather but can produce brief showers. Cirrus clouds, thin and wispy, are high-altitude clouds that signify stable atmospheric conditions. Stratus clouds, forming a uniform gray layer, bring overcast skies and can lead to drizzle or light rain.

Seasonal Cloud Cover

During the spring and fall, Columbia typically has moderate cloud cover, with a mix of cumulus and cirrus clouds. As summer approaches, cloud cover increases due to the influx of warm, moist air. Thunderstorms are common in the afternoons, bringing heavy rain and lightning. Winter brings the least cloud cover, with clear skies and occasional patches of low-level stratus clouds.

Annual Precipitation Patterns

Columbia, United States, experiences a temperate climate with significant precipitation throughout the year. Annual rainfall averages around 1,200 millimeters (48 inches), with higher amounts along the coast and lower amounts inland. Precipitation is relatively consistent, with light to moderate rain or drizzle occurring on approximately 150 days out of the year.

Seasonal Variability

Precipitation in Columbia varies significantly by season. Winter months (December to February) are characterized by higher rainfall, often accompanied by snowfall or freezing rain. Spring (March to May) tends to be drier, with intermittent periods of heavier rain coinciding with the passage of weather fronts. Summer (June to August) brings frequent thunderstorms and can produce torrential downpours, although overall precipitation levels are typically lower than in other seasons. Autumn (September to November) often sees a resurgence of rainfall, with occasional tropical storms or remnants of hurricanes bringing heavy precipitation.

Seasonal Variation

Columbia, United States, experiences significant seasonal variation in rainfall throughout the year. The wettest months occur during the summer, typically from June to August, when the city receives an average of over 10 inches of rain per month. This is due to the increase in moisture in the atmosphere, which leads to the formation of frequent thunderstorms and heavy downpours. The driest months fall between November and April, with average rainfall amounts below 3 inches per month. During this period, the city experiences drier conditions due to less moisture in the atmosphere and more stable weather patterns.

Impact on the Environment

The varying rainfall patterns in Columbia have a direct impact on the environment. During the wet summer months, the city’s rivers and lakes swell, providing critical water resources for local ecosystems and human populations. The heavy rains can also lead to increased runoff and soil erosion, affecting water quality and damaging infrastructure. On the other hand, the drier winter months can result in lower water levels, potentially affecting aquatic life and limiting water availability for various purposes. However, the seasonal rainfall variation ensures a balanced water cycle, replenishing water sources during wet periods and conserving them during drier months.

Historical Snowfall Data

Columbia, Missouri, has historically experienced variable snowfall patterns. Over the past decade, annual snowfall has ranged from 11.6 inches in the winter of 2011-2012 to 37.5 inches in 2020-2021. The city’s average snowfall is approximately 20 inches per year. However, significant fluctuations occur from year to year, often influenced by weather patterns such as the polar vortex or La Niña.

Impacts of Snowfall

Snowfall in Columbia can have significant impacts on daily life. When snow accumulates, it can make travel hazardous, leading to school closures, business disruptions, and road accidents. Additionally, heavy snowfall can disrupt essential services such as power and water supply. The city’s infrastructure, including roads, bridges, and sidewalks, requires regular maintenance during snowfall events to ensure safe navigation. The Columbia Public Works Department is responsible for snow removal and ice control operations, allocating resources to address the most critical areas first.

Climate Profile

Columbia, located in the state of South Carolina, experiences a humid subtropical climate characterized by hot, humid summers and mild winters. The warmest months are July and August, with average high temperatures reaching 90°F (32°C) and average low temperatures in the mid-70s Fahrenheit (24°C). In contrast, the coldest months are December and January, with average highs around 55°F (13°C) and average lows around 35°F (2°C). Columbia receives an average of 45 inches (114 centimeters) of rainfall annually, distributed relatively evenly throughout the year.

Sunshine and UV Index

Columbia enjoys abundant sunshine, with an average of 207 sunny days per year. The city’s high elevation of approximately 300 feet (91 meters) above sea level contributes to its clear skies and low humidity. As a result, the city experiences a high UV index, particularly during the summer months. The UV index is a measure of the sun’s intensity, and higher values indicate a greater risk of sunburn and skin damage. It is recommended to use sunscreen and protective clothing when outdoors in Columbia, especially during peak sunlight hours from 10 am to 4 pm.

Tourism

The Moon in Columbia, South Carolina, is a vibrant entertainment complex and tourist attraction. This colossal indoor park features an array of family-friendly activities, including a three-story climbing maze, laser tag, arcade games, bowling alleys, and a glow-in-the-dark miniature golf course. The Moon also boasts a restaurant serving American cuisine and a bar stocked with an extensive selection of beers and cocktails. Visitors of all ages can immerse themselves in hours of thrilling entertainment, making the Moon a popular destination for both locals and tourists alike.

History

The Moon in Columbia traces its origins to 1999 when it opened as a small arcade and pizza restaurant. Over the years, the complex has undergone significant expansions and renovations, evolving into the expansive entertainment hub it is today. The Moon has become a beloved landmark in Columbia, hosting countless birthday parties, corporate events, and family outings. Its commitment to providing a fun and memorable experience has solidified its reputation as a must-visit attraction in South Carolina.

Humidity Levels and Patterns

Columbia, South Carolina, experiences a humid climate, characterized by high levels of moisture in the air. The city’s average relative humidity ranges from 70% to 80%, with higher levels during the summer months. The humidity can be particularly noticeable during the early morning and evening hours. The prevailing wind patterns in the region contribute to the high humidity, as moisture-laden air from the Atlantic Ocean flows over the Coastal Plain and into Columbia.

Impact on Health and Comfort

High humidity levels can have a noticeable impact on health and comfort. People with respiratory conditions, such as asthma or allergies, may experience increased breathing difficulties in humid conditions. High humidity can also make it more difficult to regulate body temperature, leading to discomfort and fatigue. Additionally, humidity can contribute to the growth of mold and mildew, which can exacerbate respiratory issues and cause allergic reactions. To mitigate the effects of high humidity, it is recommended to use air conditioning and dehumidifiers in indoor spaces, and to stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids.

Average Wind Speed and Direction

Columbia, South Carolina experiences moderate wind speeds throughout the year. The average wind speed ranges from 6 to 10 miles per hour, with the highest speeds occurring in the spring months. The prevailing wind direction is from the southwest, particularly during the summer and winter seasons. This wind pattern brings warm and humid air from the Gulf of Mexico, influencing the city’s climate.

Seasonal Variations

Wind speeds in Columbia vary significantly throughout the year. In the spring, the city experiences the strongest winds, with average speeds often exceeding 10 miles per hour. The winds typically come from the southwest and carry warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico. During the summer, wind speeds decrease slightly, with average speeds between 8 and 10 miles per hour. The wind direction remains southwesterly, bringing frequent thunderstorms and occasional heavy rainfall. In the fall, wind speeds continue to decline, with average speeds ranging from 6 to 8 miles per hour. The wind direction becomes more variable, with winds coming from various directions. During the winter, Columbia experiences its weakest winds, with average speeds typically below 6 miles per hour. The winds are predominantly from the northwest, bringing cold and dry air from the Canadian Arctic.

Spring (March-May)

Spring is a beautiful time to visit Columbia, South Carolina. The weather is warm and sunny, with average temperatures ranging from the mid-50s to the mid-70s Fahrenheit. The city comes alive with blooming flowers and lush greenery, making it a great time to explore the many parks and gardens. One of the highlights of spring in Columbia is the South Carolina State Fair, which takes place in April and features carnival rides, food vendors, and live music.

Fall (September-November)

Fall is another great time to visit Columbia. The weather is still mild, with average temperatures ranging from the mid-60s to the mid-80s Fahrenheit. The leaves on the trees change color, creating a beautiful kaleidoscope of hues. Fall is also a great time to visit the University of South Carolina, as the campus is bustling with activity and the football team is in full swing.

Solar Energy Resource in Columbia

Columbia, South Carolina, boasts abundant solar energy potential. The city receives an annual average of 5.6 sunshine hours per day, with the peak solar irradiance occurring in May and June. This favorable solar resource, combined with Columbia’s relatively mild climate, makes solar energy a viable and sustainable energy option for the region. The city’s flat terrain and ample open spaces also provide suitable locations for solar photovoltaic (PV) installations.

Solar Energy Initiatives and Projects

Columbia has taken proactive steps to promote the adoption of solar energy. The city has established a solar energy goal of generating 100% of its electricity from renewable sources by 2050. To achieve this goal, the city has launched several initiatives, including the Solar City Partnership Program and the Solarize Columbia campaign. Through these programs, Columbia offers incentives, such as rebates and tax credits, to encourage businesses and residents to install solar PV systems. Notable solar projects in the city include the 2-megawatt solar array at Columbia Metropolitan Airport and the 1-megawatt solar system at the Columbia Energy Center.

Mountains and Foothills:

Columbia, South Carolina, is situated within the Piedmont region of the Appalachian Mountains, characterized by rolling hills and gentle slopes. The city is nestled at the base of the Sandhills, a series of hills rising up to 600 feet above sea level. The gently sloping topography provides scenic vistas and recreational opportunities, such as hiking and biking trails. West of the city, the Blue Ridge Mountains loom in the distance, presenting a majestic backdrop to the urban landscape.

Rivers and Lakes:

Columbia’s topography is heavily influenced by its proximity to the Congaree River, which flows through the city. The river’s meandering course has carved out a series of floodplains and wetlands. The floodplains provide fertile soil for agriculture, while the wetlands offer important habitats for wildlife. Additionally, several lakes are located near the city, including Lake Murray, Lake Wateree, and Lake Monticello. These lakes provide recreational opportunities such as boating, fishing, and swimming, enhancing the quality of life for residents.

Columbia Metropolitan Airport (CAE)

Columbia Metropolitan Airport (CAE) is the primary commercial airport serving Columbia, South Carolina, USA. Located approximately 9 miles (14 kilometers) northwest of downtown Columbia, CAE offers non-stop flights to major destinations within the United States, including Atlanta, Charlotte, Dallas, and Philadelphia. The airport serves as a hub for American Airlines and United Airlines, providing convenient connections to various cities across the country. CAE also accommodates other airlines, such as Delta Airlines, Southwest Airlines, and Spirit Airlines, ensuring a wide range of flight options for travelers.

Other Airports in Proximity

While Columbia Metropolitan Airport is the closest and most convenient airport to Columbia, South Carolina, there are a few other airports within driving distance. Augusta Regional Airport (AGS) in Georgia is approximately 45 miles (72 kilometers) east of Columbia and offers limited commercial flight options. Florence Regional Airport (FLO) in South Carolina is located 60 miles (96 kilometers) northeast of Columbia and provides mainly regional air service. For travelers seeking additional flight connections or lower fares, Charlotte Douglas International Airport (CLT) in North Carolina is a larger airport located 90 miles (144 kilometers) northwest of Columbia and offers a wider range of domestic and international destinations.

History and Culture

Columbia, located in South Carolina, boasts a rich history and vibrant culture. Established in 1786, the city played a pivotal role during the American Revolution and served as the state capital from 1790 to 1865. Today, Columbia is renowned for its thriving arts scene, with numerous theaters, galleries, and museums. The South Carolina State Museum houses artifacts from the state’s history, while the Columbia Museum of Art showcases a diverse collection of works from around the globe. The city also hosts several annual festivals, including the popular Famously Hot New Year and Earth Day Columbia.

Education and Healthcare

Columbia is a major hub for education in the region. The University of South Carolina, the state’s flagship university, is located in the heart of the city and attracts students from around the world. Other notable institutions include Columbia College and Benedict College. The city is also home to several world-class healthcare facilities, including Prisma Health Richland Memorial Hospital and the University of South Carolina Health Sciences Center. The presence of these institutions contributes to Columbia’s reputation as a center of knowledge, innovation, and medical excellence.