Coatzacoalcos Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Mexico

Summer in Coatzacoalcos

The summer months in Coatzacoalcos, Mexico, are incredibly hot and humid, with average temperatures hovering around 30°C (86°F). The humidity levels are consistently high, making the air feel thick and oppressive. Rainfall is frequent during summer, with intense thunderstorms that can bring heavy downpours and lightning. The summer months are characterized by bright sunshine and clear skies, but the high humidity levels can make it difficult to stay cool and comfortable outdoors for extended periods.

Winter in Coatzacoalcos

In contrast to the blistering summer, winter in Coatzacoalcos is mild and pleasant. Temperatures typically range from 22°C to 28°C (72°F to 82°F), with warm and sunny days and cool nights. The humidity levels are much lower during winter, making the air feel more comfortable and refreshing. Rainfall is less common during this time of year, though occasional showers can occur. The winter months in Coatzacoalcos provide a welcome respite from the intense heat and humidity of summer, offering a more comfortable climate for outdoor activities and exploration.

Monthly Temperatures

Coatzacoalcos experiences tropical weather year-round, with consistent high temperatures throughout the year. The average monthly temperature hovers around 28-29°C (82-84°F), with minimal seasonal variation. January, the coolest month, averages around 26°C (79°F), while May, the warmest month, averages around 30°C (86°F).

Wet and Dry Seasons

Coatzacoalcos has a distinct wet and dry season. The wet season runs from June to October, during which time frequent heavy rainfall occurs. The city receives an average annual rainfall of around 1,500 millimeters (59 inches), with the majority falling during this period. The dry season, from November to May, is characterized by less rainfall and lower humidity. Even during the dry season, however, occasional showers are still possible.

Cloud Types and Characteristics

Coatzacoalcos, Mexico experiences a range of cloud formations due to its tropical location. Cumulus clouds are common during the day, appearing as white, fluffy masses that resemble cotton balls. These clouds often indicate fair weather but can grow into larger, more menacing cumulonimbus clouds. Cirrus clouds, composed of ice crystals, are high-altitude formations that appear as thin, wispy streaks across the sky. They typically indicate stable atmospheric conditions. During the rainy season, stratus clouds form a gray, misty layer that covers the sky, often leading to drizzle or light rain.

Influence on Weather

Clouds play a significant role in shaping the weather in Coatzacoalcos. Cumulus clouds generally bring clear skies, while cumulonimbus clouds can produce thunderstorms accompanied by heavy rainfall, lightning, and thunder. Cirrus clouds indicate fair weather but can sometimes be associated with approaching storms. Stratus clouds often bring overcast skies and light precipitation. During the rainy season, clouds are prevalent and contribute to the high humidity levels that characterize the region. The presence of clouds also affects temperatures, providing shade from the intense sun during the day and trapping heat at night.

Monthly Precipitation Patterns

Coatzacoalcos, Mexico experiences significant rainfall throughout the year, with an average annual precipitation of approximately 2,100 millimeters. The wettest months are typically from June to October, with July being the wettest, receiving an average of 370 millimeters of rainfall. During these months, heavy rainfall events are common, and the city can experience flash flooding and other weather-related hazards. The driest months are typically from December to April, with February being the driest, receiving an average of only 38 millimeters of rainfall. During these months, the city experiences a marked decrease in precipitation, with fewer rainy days and overall drier conditions.

Seasonal Variations in Precipitation

The seasonal variations in precipitation in Coatzacoalcos are influenced by the region’s tropical climate and proximity to the Gulf of Mexico. During the summer months, warm moist air from the Gulf of Mexico is carried into the region by prevailing winds, resulting in increased rainfall. The city also experiences the effects of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a belt of low atmospheric pressure that brings heavy rainfall to the area during the summer. During the winter months, the ITCZ moves south, and Coatzacoalcos experiences a decrease in rainfall and a more pronounced dry season. Additionally, cold fronts from the north can bring occasional rainfall during the winter months, although these events are less frequent than during the summer.

Rainfall Patterns

Coatzacoalcos, Mexico, experiences a tropical climate, characterized by abundant rainfall throughout the year. The city receives an average annual precipitation of approximately 2,300 millimeters, distributed fairly evenly over the 12 months. However, there is a discernible pattern in rainfall intensity during different seasons. From June to October, the city is influenced by the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a low-pressure system that brings heavy downpours and thunderstorms. During this wet season, monthly precipitation can exceed 300 millimeters.

Seasonal Variations

In contrast, the dry season, spanning from November to April, sees a significant decrease in rainfall. Monthly precipitation during this period typically averages around 100 millimeters or less. The transition between seasons is gradual, with May marking the onset of the wet season and November signaling the beginning of the dry season. Nonetheless, occasional tropical storms or cold fronts can bring rainfall outside these established seasonal patterns.

Historical Significance

Snowfall in Coatzacoalcos, Mexico, is an extremely rare occurrence. Located in the southern state of Veracruz, the municipality typically experiences tropical temperatures year-round. However, on December 25, 1967, an unprecedented weather event brought snow to the streets of Coatzacoalcos and neighboring areas. This extraordinary phenomenon is believed to be the first and only recorded snowfall in the city’s history, making it a significant meteorological event in the region.

Meteorological Causes

The snowfall in Coatzacoalcos was a result of a cold front that swept across the Gulf of Mexico and interacted with a warm, moisture-laden air mass. The collision of these two air masses caused a rapid drop in temperature, creating the conditions necessary for snow formation. Additionally, a low-pressure system that moved over the area brought moisture and cold air, contributing to the heavy snowfall that occurred. The combination of these factors led to a rare and memorable winter wonderland in this coastal city.

Average Sunshine Hours

Coatzacoalcos, situated on the Gulf of Mexico in the Mexican state of Veracruz, experiences an abundance of sunshine throughout the year. On average, the city enjoys over 8 hours of sunlight per day, with the highest amounts occurring during the months of March and April when the days are longer. The average annual sunshine duration in Coatzacoalcos is approximately 2,900 hours, making it one of the sunniest cities in Mexico.

Seasonal Variation of Sunshine

The amount of sunshine in Coatzacoalcos varies subtly throughout the year due to seasonal changes. During the summer months, from May to September, the city experiences its longest days and highest sunshine hours. July and August are typically the sunniest months, with an average of over 9 hours of sunlight per day. In contrast, the winter months, from November to February, bring shorter days and less sunshine. December and January are the cloudiest months, with an average of around 7 hours of sunlight per day.

Moonrise and Moonset Times

The moon’s appearance in Coatzacoalcos, Mexico, varies throughout the month as it goes through its phases. During the new moon phase, the moon is not visible from Earth. As the moon progresses through its waxing phases, it rises earlier in the evening and sets later in the morning. The full moon rises around sunset and sets around sunrise. The waning moon rises later in the night and sets earlier in the day.

The specific times of moonrise and moonset in Coatzacoalcos vary throughout the year and can be found in local newspapers or online calendars. For example, on June 14, 2023, the moon will rise at 6:56 PM and set at 6:44 AM. On December 14, 2023, the moon will rise at 5:30 PM and set at 6:22 AM.

Moon Phases and Their Effects

The moon’s phases can have various effects on the environment and human behavior. The full moon is often associated with increased tides, as the moon’s gravity pulls on the Earth’s oceans. The new moon, on the other hand, is associated with lower tides.

Some people believe that the moon’s phases can also affect human behavior. For example, some studies have shown that people may be more likely to experience sleep disturbances, mood swings, and even criminal behavior during the full moon. However, there is no scientific consensus on whether the moon’s phases actually have any significant effects on human behavior.

Humidity in Coatzacoalcos, Mexico

Coatzacoalcos, Mexico, experiences consistent humidity throughout the year, with an average relative humidity ranging from 75% in the dry season to 85% in the wet season. The city’s proximity to the Gulf of Mexico contributes to high moisture levels, particularly during the summer months. The humid environment creates a tropical climate with warm temperatures and abundant rainfall.

The high humidity in Coatzacoalcos can impact the comfort levels of residents and visitors. During the wet season, from June to October, the combination of high temperatures and humidity can make it feel muggy and uncomfortable. However, the city also enjoys a dry season from November to May, during which humidity levels are slightly lower. Nevertheless, the persistent humidity can affect outdoor activities, requiring residents to adjust their routines and seek cooler environments during the warmest hours of the day.

Wind Patterns

Coatzacoalcos, Mexico, experiences distinct wind patterns throughout the year. During the summer months (June to September), the dominant wind direction is from the south-southeast, bringing warm and humid air from the Gulf of Mexico. These winds, known as “sures,” can generate strong gusts and occasional squalls. Conversely, during the winter months (November to April), the wind direction shifts to the north-northeast, bringing cooler and drier air from the high-pressure systems over the United States. This shift in wind direction marks the arrival of the “nortes,” strong, cold winds that can bring heavy rainfall and lead to flooding in coastal areas.

Impact on Local Life

The prevailing wind patterns in Coatzacoalcos have a significant impact on the daily lives of the local population. The strong sures during the summer provide relief from the scorching heat and humidity, making outdoor activities more pleasant. However, the same winds can also carry dust and sand from the nearby dunes, reducing visibility and causing respiratory discomfort. The nortes, on the other hand, can disrupt transportation, damage crops, and lead to power outages. Fishermen and boaters must exercise caution during these periods due to the rough sea conditions. Local businesses and industries also need to adapt to the changing wind patterns, implementing measures to mitigate the impact of strong winds on their operations.

Shoulder Season (April-May, September-October)

These transitional months offer pleasant weather with reduced crowds and lower accommodation rates. Temperatures range from 70s to mid-80s Fahrenheit, making it ideal for outdoor activities. The rainy season is milder during this time, with occasional showers that provide respite from the heat. While some attractions may be closed for maintenance, many cultural events and festivals take place during the shoulder season.

Peak Season (December-March)

The dry season in Coatzacoalcos brings warm and sunny weather, attracting tourists from around the world. Temperatures soar to the high 80s and low 90s Fahrenheit, creating perfect beach conditions. However, the peak season also coincides with higher accommodation costs and crowds. To avoid the peak of the season, consider visiting in late February or early March when the crowds start to dwindle but the weather remains pleasant.

Potential and Development

Coatzacoalcos benefits from abundant sunshine, making it an ideal location for solar energy harnessing. The city experiences an average of 2,600 sunshine hours annually, providing significant potential for photovoltaic (PV) installations. Coatzacoalcos is actively pursuing solar energy projects to meet its growing energy needs. Several residential and commercial buildings have installed rooftop PV systems, while larger-scale projects, such as the La Ventosa solar power plant, are under development.

Benefits and Challenges

Solar energy offers numerous advantages for Coatzacoalcos. It is a clean and renewable resource that can reduce the city’s dependence on fossil fuels and its carbon footprint. Additionally, solar energy can provide cost savings for residents and businesses, as well as create employment opportunities in the solar industry. However, there are also challenges associated with solar energy development, including the high upfront investment costs and the variability of solar radiation. The city will need to address these challenges through financial incentives and technological advancements to fully capitalize on its solar potential.

Coastal Lowlands and Barrier Islands

Coatzacoalcos lies within the Southern Gulf Coastal Plain, characterized by flat and marshy lowlands adjacent to the Gulf of Mexico. This area boasts a network of rivers, lagoons, and estuaries, including the Coatzacoalcos River, which flows through the city. The coastline is marked by a series of barrier islands that protect the mainland from the open ocean. These islands, such as Isla del Carmen and Isla Aguada, have become popular tourist destinations due to their pristine beaches and diverse marine life.

Sierra de los Tuxtlas

To the south of the lowlands, the Sierra de los Tuxtlas rises abruptly. This rugged mountain range forms a natural boundary between the coastal plain and the interior of the state of Veracruz. The mountains are volcanic in origin and feature numerous extinct volcanoes, such as the San Martín and Santa Marta cones. The highest peaks exceed 1,500 meters (4,921 feet) above sea level and offer breathtaking views of the surrounding countryside. The Sierra de los Tuxtlas is home to a lush cloud forest ecosystem that supports a wide range of flora and fauna, including endangered species such as the jaguar and the scarlet macaw.

General Luis Miguel Tarucchi Airport (CZM)

General Luis Miguel Tarucchi Airport (IATA: CZM) is the closest airport to Coatzacoalcos, Mexico. It is located approximately 11 kilometers (7 miles) north of the city center. The airport offers domestic flights to Mexico City and Monterrey.

The airport has a single terminal building with basic amenities, including a food court, gift shop, and currency exchange. Ground transportation options from the airport include taxis, buses, and rental cars. The airport is well-connected to the city center and other major destinations in the region.

Historical Background

Coatzacoalcos, a city nestled on the southeastern Gulf Coast of Mexico, has a rich and intriguing history. Its origins can be traced back to pre-Columbian times, when the Olmec civilization flourished in the region. Later, the Spanish established a port town here in 1520, which became a vital hub for trade and commerce. Over the centuries, Coatzacoalcos has witnessed significant events, including the Mexican Revolution of 1910 and the establishment of the city as an important petrochemical and industrial center. Today, Coatzacoalcos stands as a vibrant and modern metropolis, boasting a diverse cultural heritage and a thriving economy.

Cultural Heritage and Attractions

Coatzcoalcos offers visitors a captivating blend of cultural experiences. The city’s historic center is home to architectural gems such as the Catedral de San José and the Iglesia de Santa Cruz. These landmarks showcase the unique fusion of Spanish colonial and indigenous architectural styles. Coatzacoalcos also boasts an array of museums, art galleries, and cultural centers that celebrate its rich history and artistic traditions. Among the must-visit attractions are the Museo de Arqueología Olmeca, which houses a collection of Olmec artifacts, and the Centro Cultural Coatzacoalcos, which hosts exhibitions, concerts, and other cultural events. Moreover, the city’s vibrant street life, traditional markets, and coastal promenade offer a glimpse into the daily rhythms and vibrant spirit of its residents.