Clermont-Ferrand Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – France
Summer in Clermont-Ferrand
Summer in Clermont-Ferrand is warm and pleasant, with average temperatures ranging from 15°C to 25°C. The city experiences moderate rainfall during this season, with occasional thunderstorms. The days are long and sunny, providing ample opportunities for outdoor activities. However, it’s important to note that the city can experience occasional heatwaves, with temperatures occasionally exceeding 30°C.
Winter in Clermont-Ferrand
Winter in Clermont-Ferrand is cold and snowy, with average temperatures ranging from 2°C to 8°C. The city receives significant snowfall during this season, and icy conditions are common. The days are short and cloudy, with limited sunlight. It’s essential to be prepared for cold weather and potential snowstorms when visiting during winter.
Winter Season: A Frigid Embrace
Clermont-Ferrand, nestled in the heart of France, experiences a distinctly cold winter season that lingers from December to February. During these frigid months, the average temperature hovers around 3°C (37°F), with nighttime lows dipping below freezing to -1°C (30°F). Snowfall is a common sight, blanketing the city in a pristine white coat. The combination of low temperatures and occasional snowfall makes winter a challenging time to explore Clermont-Ferrand. However, the festive spirit of the holiday season and the coziness of local cafés provide respite from the cold.
Summer Season: A Refreshing Respite
In contrast to the harsh winter, summer in Clermont-Ferrand is a welcome respite, spanning from June to August. The average temperature rises to a pleasant 20°C (68°F), reaching highs of up to 25°C (77°F). Sunshine is abundant, and the days are long and warm. The vibrant greenery and blooming flowers transform the city into a picturesque haven. Al fresco dining and outdoor activities become the norm as residents and visitors alike soak up the delightful summer weather. The summer season is undoubtedly the most enjoyable time to visit Clermont-Ferrand.
Cloud Types and Formations
Clermont-Ferrand is situated in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France, known for its diverse cloud formations. The most common cloud types observed are cirrus, cumulus, and stratus. Cirrus clouds are thin, wispy clouds composed of ice crystals and usually indicate fair weather. Cumulus clouds, characterized by their puffy white appearance, often form at low to middle altitudes and can develop into larger, taller clouds. Stratus clouds, on the other hand, are flat, gray clouds that cover a large area of the sky and often produce drizzle or light rain.
Seasonal Variations
The cloud patterns in Clermont-Ferrand vary throughout the year. During the summer months, the city experiences warm and humid conditions, leading to frequent cumulus clouds and occasional thunderstorms. In the autumn and winter, the weather becomes cooler and more stable, resulting in the formation of stratus clouds and occasional rain. Spring in Clermont-Ferrand is typically characterized by a mixture of cloud types, with both cumulus and stratus formations common.
Annual Precipitation Patterns
Clermont-Ferrand experiences a temperate oceanic climate, characterized by moderate precipitation throughout the year. The city receives an average of 650 mm (25.6 inches) of rainfall annually, distributed relatively evenly across the seasons. Winter months tend to be slightly wetter, receiving around 200 mm (7.9 inches) of precipitation. Spring and autumn are slightly drier, with around 150 mm (5.9 inches) each. Summer months see a slight increase in rainfall, with an average of 170 mm (6.7 inches).
Variability and Extremes
While Clermont-Ferrand’s annual precipitation is generally consistent, there is some variability from year to year. Extended periods of drought or heavy rainfall can occur, though they are relatively rare. The wettest year on record was 1937, with 1,042 mm (41 inches) of precipitation. In contrast, the driest year on record was 1959, with only 349 mm (13.7 inches) of rainfall. Extreme precipitation events, such as thunderstorms and hailstorms, are also possible, but tend to be localized and short-lived.
Annual Rainfall Distribution
Clermont-Ferrand, a city in central France, experiences a significant amount of rainfall throughout the year. The average annual precipitation is approximately 650 millimeters (25.6 inches), which is distributed relatively evenly over the four seasons. However, there is a slight increase in rainfall during the autumn and winter months, when the city receives about 120 millimeters (4.7 inches) per month compared to 90 millimeters (3.5 inches) per month during spring and summer.
Seasonal Variations
The wettest month in Clermont-Ferrand is typically October, with an average rainfall of 130 millimeters (5.1 inches). This is followed by November and December, when the city receives about 115 millimeters (4.5 inches) and 110 millimeters (4.3 inches) of rainfall, respectively. In contrast, the driest months are July and August, with an average rainfall of only 60 millimeters (2.4 inches) each. During these summer months, the city can experience extended periods of sunshine and limited precipitation.
Historical snowfall data
Clermont-Ferrand, located in central France, experiences moderate snowfall during winter months. According to historical data from Météo-France, the city receives an average of 20-30 centimeters (8-12 inches) of snow annually. The snowfall is typically spread out over several events, with most occurring between December and March.
Notable snowfall events
In recent years, Clermont-Ferrand has experienced several notable snowfall events. In January 2017, the city was blanketed by a layer of 40 centimeters (16 inches) of snow, causing major disruptions to traffic and daily life. Another significant snowfall occurred in February 2021, when 25 centimeters (10 inches) of snow fell within 24 hours. These events serve as examples of the occasional heavy snowfall that the city can experience.
Sun Exposure in Clermont-Ferrand
Clermont-Ferrand, a city located in central France, experiences moderate levels of sunlight throughout the year. The city receives an average of 1,900 hours of sunshine annually, which is slightly below the national average for France. During the summer months (June to August), Clermont-Ferrand enjoys an average of 7 to 8 hours of sunshine per day, with temperatures reaching highs in the mid-20s Celsius (70s Fahrenheit).
Seasonal Variations in Sunlight
The amount of sunlight in Clermont-Ferrand varies significantly throughout the year. During the winter months (December to February), the city experiences shorter days and less sunshine, with an average of only 4 to 5 hours of sunlight per day. Temperatures during this period typically range from 0 to 10 Celsius (32 to 50 Fahrenheit). In contrast, during the spring and autumn months (March to May and September to November), Clermont-Ferrand benefits from longer days and more sunshine, with an average of 6 to 7 hours of sunlight per day. Temperatures during these seasons are typically milder, ranging from 10 to 15 Celsius (50 to 59 Fahrenheit) in spring and 15 to 20 Celsius (59 to 68 Fahrenheit) in autumn.
Moonrise and Moonset in Clermont-Ferrand, France
The moon’s position and appearance in the sky vary throughout the month and the year in Clermont-Ferrand, France. The specific times of moonrise and moonset change daily due to the Earth’s rotation and the moon’s orbit around the Earth. For example, on June 21, 2023, the moon rises at 20:49 local time and sets at 04:52 the next morning. On December 21, 2023, the moon rises earlier at 16:28 and sets later at 06:43.
Moon Phases in Clermont-Ferrand, France
The moon goes through different phases throughout its orbit around the Earth, which takes about 27 days. In Clermont-Ferrand, France, the moon phases are just as visible as in any other location. During the new moon phase, the moon is not visible from Earth because it is positioned between the Earth and the sun. As the moon orbits, it gradually becomes visible as a crescent, then a quarter moon, a gibbous moon, and finally a full moon. The full moon occurs when the moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the sun, and its entire face is illuminated by sunlight.
Annual Humidity Patterns
Clermont-Ferrand experiences moderate to high humidity levels throughout the year. The annual average relative humidity is around 78%, with humidity levels typically ranging between 65% and 90%. The highest humidity levels occur during the colder months, especially in autumn and winter, when temperatures drop and the air becomes more saturated with moisture. In contrast, the summer months tend to be drier, with humidity levels often falling below 70%.
Seasonal Variations in Humidity
The seasonal variations in humidity in Clermont-Ferrand are influenced by several factors, including temperature, precipitation, and air mass movement. During the autumn and winter months, as temperatures cool and precipitation increases, the relative humidity rises significantly. The influx of cold air from the north and the presence of persistent fog and mist further contribute to the high humidity levels during this time. Conversely, during spring and summer, temperatures rise and precipitation decreases, resulting in lower humidity levels. The warmer air can hold more moisture, and the increased sunshine and drier air masses result in lower relative humidity.
Wind Patterns and Speed
Clermont-Ferrand, situated in central France, experiences a moderate wind regime influenced by its location in the Massif Central mountain range and the Atlantic Ocean. The prevailing wind direction throughout the year is from the southwest, carrying moist air from the Bay of Biscay. The average wind speed in Clermont-Ferrand ranges between 9 and 12 miles per hour (15-20 kilometers per hour), with higher speeds recorded during the winter months. During the summer, the wind tends to be lighter and more variable due to the influence of thermal updrafts and downdrafts.
Seasonal Variations
The wind patterns in Clermont-Ferrand exhibit distinct seasonal variations. In the winter, the strong and persistent southwest wind can reach speeds exceeding 25 miles per hour (40 kilometers per hour), bringing cold and wet conditions. The spring and autumn seasons witness a gradual decrease in wind speed, with the prevailing direction shifting from southwest to northwest. During the summer, the wind becomes lighter and more localized, with occasional gusts from the east or north. These seasonal variations in wind patterns are a result of the fluctuating pressure systems over Europe and the influence of local topography.
Summer (June-August)
Summer in Clermont-Ferrand offers an ideal blend of warm and sunny weather, perfect for outdoor activities and exploring the city’s attractions. Temperatures average between 16-25°C (61-77°F), providing comfortable conditions for walking, cycling, or relaxing in the parks. The city hosts numerous festivals and events during this period, including the vibrant International Short Film Festival and the lively La Transat Puydômoise cycling event.
Spring and Fall (April-May and September-October)
Spring and fall offer a pleasant respite from the summer heat and winter cold. With milder temperatures ranging from 10-20°C (50-68°F), these seasons are ideal for sightseeing, exploring the surrounding Auvergne region, and enjoying the city’s vibrant student atmosphere. The parks are adorned with blooming flowers in spring, while fall brings the breathtaking colors of autumn foliage.
Potential and Challenges:
Clermont-Ferrand, located in central France, has significant potential for solar energy development. With an average of 1,800 sunshine hours annually and a relatively high elevation, the city offers favorable conditions for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. However, the region also faces challenges, including overcast skies and seasonal variations in sunlight. To optimize solar energy utilization, systems must be designed to account for these fluctuations and maximize efficiency during periods of reduced sunlight.
Current Installations and Future Prospects:
Clermont-Ferrand has made progress in solar energy adoption, with numerous installations on rooftops and public buildings. The city is actively promoting the use of solar PV through various initiatives, including financial incentives and awareness campaigns. As a result, the installed capacity of solar energy is expected to grow significantly in the coming years. With the support of government policies and technological advancements, Clermont-Ferrand aims to become a leader in solar energy utilization, contributing to its clean energy goals and reducing its carbon footprint.
Landscape Overview
Clermont-Ferrand, nestled in the Auvergne region of central France, is renowned for its distinctive topography. The city is built upon a volcanic plateau, shaped by the eruption of the dormant Puy de Dôme volcano approximately 11,000 years ago. This unique geological event formed a series of lava flows that solidified into a vast, gently rolling plateau called the Chaîne des Puys, or “Chain of Volcanoes.” The elevation of Clermont-Ferrand ranges from 365 meters (1,197 feet) above sea level at its lowest point to 430 meters (1,411 feet) at its highest point, creating a mildly undulating landscape.
Prominent Geological Features
Within the city limits, there are several prominent geological features that add to Clermont-Ferrand’s topographic character. The most iconic landmark is the Puy de Dôme, a dome-shaped peak that rises to 1,465 meters (4,806 feet) above sea level. The volcano’s summit offers panoramic views of the surrounding countryside and is accessible by a scenic train. Another notable feature is the Puy Pariou, a cinder cone volcano with a wide crater at its peak. The crater is a popular hiking destination and provides stunning views of the city and the Chaîne des Puys. The Pradelle Plateau, located in the northwestern part of the city, is a large, flat expanse that was formed by an ancient lava flow. Today, it serves as a residential and recreational area.
Clermont-Ferrand Auvergne Airport
Clermont-Ferrand Auvergne Airport (CFE) is the nearest airport to Clermont-Ferrand, France. It is located approximately 6 kilometers (3.7 miles) west of the city center and serves as the primary gateway to the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of southeastern France. The airport offers both domestic and international flights, with destinations including Paris, Lyon, London, and Amsterdam. CFE is well-connected to Clermont-Ferrand by public transportation, including buses and taxis, and provides a convenient and accessible option for travelers visiting the city.
Other Nearby Airports
While Clermont-Ferrand Auvergne Airport is the closest airport to the city, there are several other airports within a reasonable driving distance that may offer alternative options for travelers. These airports include:
- Lyon-Saint Exupéry Airport (LYS): Located approximately 150 kilometers (93 miles) northeast of Clermont-Ferrand, Lyon-Saint Exupéry Airport is a major international hub that offers a wide range of domestic and international flights. It is connected to Clermont-Ferrand by train and bus services.
- Saint-Étienne – Bouthéon Airport (EBU): Situated approximately 50 kilometers (31 miles) southeast of Clermont-Ferrand, Saint-Étienne – Bouthéon Airport primarily serves domestic destinations within France. It may provide a convenient option for travelers within the region.
Clermont-Ferrand, the Heart of Auvergne
Clermont-Ferrand, the capital of the Auvergne region in central France, is a vibrant city steeped in history and natural beauty. Situated on the slopes of the extinct Puy de Dôme volcano, it offers breathtaking views and a unique urban landscape. The city’s historic center unfolds around the magnificent Notre-Dame-de-l’Assomption Cathedral, a masterpiece of Gothic architecture. Clermont-Ferrand is also renowned for its Michelin-starred restaurants and charming cafes, as well as its vibrant arts and culture scene.
A City of Innovation and Education
Clermont-Ferrand is a hub of innovation and education. It is home to the prestigious École des Mines de Paris, a top engineering school, and the University of Clermont Auvergne, one of the largest universities in France. The city’s economy is driven by industries such as biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and mechanical engineering. Clermont-Ferrand is also a major transportation hub, boasting an international airport and high-speed rail links to Paris and other major cities. With its exceptional infrastructure and skilled workforce, Clermont-Ferrand continues to attract investment and foster economic growth.