Cartago Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Colombia

Climate

Cartago, Colombia experiences a tropical rainforest climate, characterized by consistently high temperatures and abundant rainfall throughout the year. The average temperature hovers around 24°C (75°F), with minimal variation between seasons. The city receives an average annual rainfall of over 2,000 mm (79 inches). The wettest months are typically May to November, while the driest months occur between December and April. The constant precipitation contributes to the lush vegetation and biodiversity of the surrounding region.

Average Weather Year Round

The average monthly temperatures in Cartago vary only slightly. In January, the warmest month, the average temperature is 24.5°C (76.1°F), while in July, the coolest month, the average temperature is 23.5°C (74.3°F). The diurnal temperature range is also relatively small, with average daily high temperatures ranging from 27°C (81°F) in January to 26°C (79°F) in July. The average daily low temperatures vary from 22°C (72°F) in January to 21°C (70°F) in July. Rainfall is more frequent during the wet season, with an average of 15 rainy days per month between May and November. The dry season, from December to April, experiences fewer rainy days, with an average of 10 per month.

Monthly Temperature Variation

Cartago, Colombia experiences consistent temperatures throughout the year, with minimal seasonal variation. The average temperature in Cartago is approximately 24.5 degrees Celsius (76.1 degrees Fahrenheit). The warmest month is typically July, with an average temperature of 25.5 degrees Celsius (77.9 degrees Fahrenheit), while the coldest month is January, with an average temperature of 23.5 degrees Celsius (74.3 degrees Fahrenheit). The temperature range throughout the year is relatively narrow, with most months falling within a range of 2-3 degrees Celsius (3.6-5.4 degrees Fahrenheit) of the average.

Factors Influencing Temperature

The consistent temperatures in Cartago are attributed to its geographical location and proximity to the equator. Located in the Tropical Andes region of Colombia, Cartago sits at an altitude of approximately 1,400 meters (4,600 feet) above sea level. This elevation moderates the temperature, preventing extreme heat or cold. Additionally, Cartago’s proximity to the equator means that it receives relatively constant amounts of solar radiation throughout the year, contributing to the stable temperatures.

Types of Clouds in Cartago

Cartago, Colombia is located in a tropical climate zone, which is characterized by warm temperatures and high humidity. This climate is conducive to the formation of clouds. The most common types of clouds in Cartago are cirrus, cumulus, and stratus clouds. Cirrus clouds are thin, wispy clouds that are composed of ice crystals. Cumulus clouds are puffy clouds that have a cauliflower-like appearance. Stratus clouds are flat, gray clouds that cover the entire sky.

Cloud Cover and Precipitation

The amount of cloud cover in Cartago varies throughout the year. During the wet season (April to November), the city experiences more cloud cover than during the dry season (December to March). The average annual cloud cover in Cartago is 60%. The city receives an average of 1,200 millimeters of precipitation per year. Most of the precipitation falls during the wet season.

Seasonal Distribution of Precipitation

Cartago, Colombia experiences a bimodal precipitation pattern, characterized by two distinct wet seasons and two dry seasons. The first wet season occurs from April to May, with average monthly precipitation exceeding 250 mm. This period is influenced by the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a low-pressure system that brings abundant moisture from the Pacific Ocean. The second wet season, which is less pronounced, occurs from September to October, with average monthly precipitation around 150-200 mm. This season is associated with the passage of easterly waves, which carry moisture from the Atlantic Ocean. The dry seasons occur during January-March and June-August, with average monthly precipitation below 100 mm. These periods are influenced by the presence of the South American High, a high-pressure system that inhibits rainfall.

Variability and Trends in Precipitation

The annual average precipitation in Cartago is approximately 1,800 mm, with significant interannual variability. Some years experience excessive rainfall, leading to flooding and landslides. Conversely, other years may be characterized by droughts, causing water shortages and crop failures. Over the past few decades, there has been a slight increase in annual precipitation, with a corresponding decrease in the frequency and intensity of dry periods. This trend is attributed to global climate change, which is causing shifts in atmospheric circulation patterns and increasing the frequency of extreme weather events.

Rainfall Patterns

Rainfall in Cartago, Colombia, is influenced by its tropical climate and proximity to the Andes Mountains. The city experiences a bimodal rainfall pattern, with two distinct rainy seasons and two relatively dry seasons. The first rainy season, known as the “winter,” lasts from April to June. The second rainy season, called the “summer,” occurs from October to December. During these rainy periods, Cartagena receives heavy rainfall, with average monthly precipitation exceeding 200 mm (7.9 inches).

Seasonal Variation

During the dry seasons, which occur from January to March and July to September, rainfall is significantly reduced. Cartagena typically receives less than 100 mm (3.9 inches) of rain per month during these seasons. However, occasional showers can occur, especially during the transition months between the seasons. The intensity and duration of rainfall can vary significantly within each season, with some rainfall events causing flash flooding and landslides.

Historical Snowfall Event

Cartago, Colombia, is a city located in the central-western region of the country. It is known for its tropical climate and lush vegetation. However, in 1998, Cartago experienced a rare and unexpected snowfall event. The snowfall occurred on July 12th, 1998, and it lasted for several hours. The snow covered the city in a thick blanket, and it was the first time that snowfall had been recorded in Cartago in recorded history. The snowfall event was a major surprise to the residents of Cartago, and it caused widespread excitement and wonder.

Causes of the Snowfall

The snowfall event in Cartago was caused by a combination of factors. The city is located at an altitude of approximately 900 meters (2,950 feet), which is relatively high for a city in Colombia. Additionally, Cartago is located near the Andes Mountains, which can create weather disturbances. On the day of the snowfall, a cold front moved into the area, and it brought with it cold air and moisture. The combination of the cold air, the moisture, and the high altitude created the perfect conditions for snowfall.

Summer:

The summer months in Cartago, Colombia, which typically span from December to March, are characterized by consistently high temperatures and ample sunshine. Daily highs commonly reach the mid to upper 80s Fahrenheit (29-32 degrees Celsius), while nighttime lows rarely dip below the mid-60s Fahrenheit (18-19 degrees Celsius). The skies are generally clear during this time of year, providing ample opportunity to enjoy outdoor activities and bask in the warm sunshine. Visitors can expect plenty of daylight hours, with the sun rising early and setting late. The summer months also tend to be relatively dry, making it an ideal time to explore the region’s many natural attractions.

Winter:

In contrast to the summer, the winter months in Cartago, Colombia, which typically run from May to October, are characterized by cooler temperatures and increased rainfall. Daily highs during this time of year generally range between the low 70s and mid-80s Fahrenheit (22-29 degrees Celsius), while nighttime lows can drop into the mid-50s Fahrenheit (13 degrees Celsius). The skies are often overcast during the winter months, and rainfall is common, particularly in the afternoon and evening. As a result, visitors should be prepared for occasional showers and pack appropriate rain gear. Despite the increased rainfall, the winter months can still offer pleasant weather, with occasional periods of sunshine and comfortable temperatures.

History and Legends

The Moon of Cartago, also known as the Lady of the Angels, is a small wooden statue of the Virgin Mary holding the infant Jesus. It holds great significance for the city of Cartago, Colombia, and its surrounding region. According to legend, the statue was found on a nearby mountain in the 17th century and is believed to have miraculous powers. The statue was originally housed in a small chapel, but as its popularity grew, a larger basilica was built in its honor in 1926. The Moon of Cartago is now considered the patron saint of the city and is the object of great devotion.

Religious Significance

The Moon of Cartago is a symbol of faith and hope for many people in Cartago and beyond. The statue is often associated with miracles and is believed to have healing powers. Every year, thousands of pilgrims flock to the Basilica of the Moon of Cartago to pray to the statue and ask for her intercession. The statue is also the centerpiece of an annual religious festival that is held in her honor. The festival features processions, Masses, and other religious events that attract visitors from all over the region. The Moon of Cartago is a symbol of the city’s faith and is an important part of the cultural and religious life of Cartago.

Humidity Patterns in Cartago, Colombia

Cartago, Colombia, experiences significant humidity throughout the year. The city’s average relative humidity is around 80%, and it rarely dips below 60% even during the driest months. The high humidity is due to Cartago’s location in the tropical rainforest region, where warm temperatures and abundant rainfall create the ideal conditions for water vapor to accumulate in the atmosphere.

The humidity levels in Cartago vary seasonally, with higher humidity during the rainy season and lower humidity during the dry season. The rainy season typically lasts from May to October, and during this time, the relative humidity can reach up to 90%. The dry season runs from November to April, and during this time, the relative humidity can drop to around 70%. However, even during the dry season, Cartago’s humidity remains relatively high compared to many other parts of the world.

Wind Patterns and Velocity

Cartago, Colombia, experiences a variety of wind patterns throughout the year. During the dry season (December to March), the predominant winds are from the north and northeast, bringing warm and dry air from the Caribbean Sea. These winds typically have moderate velocities of 15-25 kilometers per hour (9-16 miles per hour).

Seasonal Variations

During the wet season (April to November), the wind patterns become more variable. The northern and northeastern winds continue to blow, but there is also an increase in winds from the west and southwest. These winds bring moisture from the Pacific Ocean and can cause heavy rainfall. Wind speeds during the wet season tend to be lower than during the dry season, averaging around 10-20 kilometers per hour (6-12 miles per hour).

Best Times to Visit Cartago, Colombia

The city of Cartago, Colombia, offers a tropical climate year-round, making it an excellent destination to visit at any time. However, the best time to visit Cartago is during the dry season, which typically runs from December to March. During this time, the weather is warm and sunny, with average temperatures ranging from 24 to 28 degrees Celsius (75 to 82 degrees Fahrenheit). The humidity level is also lower during the dry season, making it more comfortable to explore the city and its surroundings.

While the dry season is generally the best time to visit Cartago, the city also offers unique experiences during the rainy season, which typically lasts from April to November. During this time, the city receives plenty of rainfall, but it usually comes in short, intense bursts rather than prolonged periods of rain. The verdant landscapes of Cartago are at their most vibrant during the rainy season, and visitors can enjoy spectacular views of the surrounding mountains and valleys. Additionally, the city hosts several cultural and religious events during the rainy season, such as the Feast of San Pedro Claver and the Festival de Música Religiosa.

Potential and Advantages

Cartago, Colombia holds significant potential for solar energy development. Its location in the Colombian Coffee Region, characterized by a tropical climate and abundant sunshine, provides ideal conditions for photovoltaic (PV) systems. The city receives an average of 5.5 kWh/m2 of solar radiation daily, which is among the highest in the country. This abundance of sunlight offers a renewable and sustainable source of energy that can contribute to the region’s energy needs and reduce reliance on fossil fuels.

Moreover, Cartago’s topography, which includes hills and slopes, provides suitable terrain for large-scale solar farms. The city’s existing infrastructure, including transmission lines and access to major transportation routes, facilitates the development and integration of solar projects into the grid. Additionally, Cartago’s commitment to sustainability and renewable energy initiatives creates a favorable investment climate for solar development.

Geography

Cartago, nestled in Colombia’s fertile Cauca Valley, at an altitude of 920 meters above sea level, presents a unique blend of topography. The city lies on the western foothills of the Central Andes, with the Cauca River defining its eastern boundary. The surrounding terrain features rolling hills and fertile valleys, creating a picturesque landscape. The region’s lush vegetation and abundant water resources have shaped Cartago’s agricultural economy, making it a prominent producer of coffee, sugarcane, and bananas.

Climate

Cartago’s tropical savanna climate, with distinct wet and dry seasons, largely influences its topography. During the rainy season (March to May), the city experiences heavy rainfall, which contributes to the lush vegetation and fertile soils. The dry season (December to February) brings clear skies and warm temperatures, ideal for outdoor activities. The average annual temperature hovers around 24 degrees Celsius, making Cartago a year-round destination for both tourists and locals. The variations in rainfall throughout the year have influenced the region’s agricultural practices, with farmers adapting their crop cycles to the changing seasons.

Nearest Airport to Cartago, Colombia

The nearest airport to Cartago, Colombia, is Santa Ana Airport (SKQ), also known as Pereira Matecaña International Airport. It is located approximately 18 kilometers (11 miles) east of Cartago in the city of Pereira. Santa Ana Airport is the primary airport serving the Risaralda Department and surrounding areas. It offers domestic flights to major cities in Colombia, including Bogotá, Medellín, Cali, and Barranquilla. International flights are also available to destinations such as Panama City, Fort Lauderdale, and Miami. The airport has a single passenger terminal with modern facilities and amenities.

Another nearby airport option is El Edén International Airport (CLO) in Cali, which is approximately 150 kilometers (93 miles) southwest of Cartago. It is a larger airport with a wider range of domestic and international flight options. However, it is significantly further away from Cartago compared to Santa Ana Airport. Travelers may consider the distance and convenience when choosing the most suitable airport for their travel plans.

History of Cartago, Colombia

Cartago, Colombia, was founded in 1540 by Jorge Robledo, a Spanish conquistador. The city was initially named “Cartago de Indias” after the Carthaginian general Hannibal, who was renowned for his military prowess. Cartago became an important center for gold mining and trade, and it was a major stopping point on the Royal Road that connected the Atlantic coast to the interior of the country. In the 19th century, Cartago played a significant role in the Colombian War of Independence and later became a major coffee-producing region.

Culture and Economy of Cartago, Colombia

Cartago is a vibrant city with a rich cultural heritage. The city is known for its traditional festivals, including the “Feria de la Virgen del Carmen” and the “Festival del Garrote”, which celebrates the local sport of garrote, a type of stick fighting. Cartago is also home to several museums that showcase the city’s history and culture, including the Museo Fundacional de Cartago and the Museo de Arte Religioso. Economically, Cartago is a major center for agriculture, particularly for coffee cultivation.