Cacoal Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Brazil

Cacoal’s Diverse Climate

Cacoal, Brazil, is characterized by a tropical climate that exhibits significant variation throughout the year. The city experiences a wet season from October to April, during which heavy rainfall is common. The average annual precipitation is around 2,000 millimeters, with most of it occurring during the wet season. High humidity levels are also prevalent during this period, contributing to a muggy and uncomfortable atmosphere.

In contrast, the dry season from May to September brings drier and less humid conditions. However, even during this time, occasional showers may still occur, especially in the early months. Temperatures throughout the year are generally warm, with average highs ranging between 30 and 35 degrees Celsius (86-95 degrees Fahrenheit), while average lows hover around 20-25 degrees Celsius (68-77 degrees Fahrenheit).

Monthly Temperature Variations

Cacoal, Brazil experiences significant monthly temperature variations throughout the year. The warmest months are typically from October to April, with average temperatures ranging from 22 to 26 degrees Celsius (72 to 79 degrees Fahrenheit). During this period, the city enjoys a pleasant and humid climate, with ample sunshine and occasional rainfall. However, the hottest month of the year is usually January, when the average temperature reaches around 26 degrees Celsius (79 degrees Fahrenheit).

Dry and Rainy Seasons

Cacoal has two distinct seasons: a dry season and a rainy season. The dry season typically runs from May to September, during which rainfall is scarce and the weather remains hot and dry. The average temperature during this period hovers around 20 to 24 degrees Celsius (68 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit). However, the rainy season, which lasts from October to April, brings abundant rainfall and increased humidity. During this season, the average temperature ranges from 22 to 26 degrees Celsius (72 to 79 degrees Fahrenheit).

Cloud Cover Characteristics

Cacoal, Brazil experiences significant variability in cloud cover throughout the year. During the wet season from October to April, clouds are prevalent, often obscuring the sun. Cumulus and stratocumulus clouds dominate during this period, bringing frequent rainfall. In contrast, during the dry season from May to September, skies are generally clear and sunny. Cirrus clouds, composed of ice crystals, prevail during this time, allowing for unobstructed views of the sky.

Impact on Climate

Cloud cover plays a crucial role in shaping the climate of Cacoal. The extensive cloud cover during the wet season shields the city from direct sunlight, resulting in lower temperatures. Additionally, the high humidity associated with the clouds hinders evaporation, further contributing to a cooler and more humid climate. Conversely, the clear skies during the dry season allow for greater solar radiation, leading to higher temperatures and reduced humidity. As a result, Cacoal experiences a distinct contrast in its climate between the two seasons, with the wet season characterized by cooler, cloudier conditions and the dry season by warmer, sunnier weather.

Annual Precipitation

Cacoal, Brazil, experiences a tropical wet and dry climate, characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons. The annual precipitation in Cacoal averages around 1,700 mm (67 in). The majority of this precipitation falls during the wet season, which typically lasts from October to April. During this period, heavy rains are common, particularly during the afternoon and evening hours. Conversely, the dry season, which spans from May to September, receives significantly less precipitation. During this time, rainfall is more sporadic, and droughts can occur occasionally.

Seasonal Precipitation

The distribution of precipitation throughout the year varies considerably in Cacoal. The wettest month is January, with an average rainfall of approximately 270 mm (10.6 in). In contrast, the driest month is August, when precipitation typically averages around 20 mm (0.8 in). During the wet season, rainfall is often heavy and can cause flooding in low-lying areas. Conversely, during the dry season, the lack of rainfall can result in dry spells and water shortages. The seasonal variability in precipitation is primarily driven by the movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a band of low atmospheric pressure that influences rainfall patterns across the tropics.

Annual Rainfall Patterns

Cacoal, Brazil, experiences a humid subtropical climate with distinct wet and dry seasons. The annual rainfall is abundant, averaging around 1,900 millimeters (75 inches). The wet season typically spans from October to April, characterized by frequent and heavy rainfall. During these months, the average monthly precipitation exceeds 200 millimeters (8 inches). In contrast, the dry season from May to September receives considerably less rainfall, with monthly averages below 100 millimeters (4 inches). The driest month is July, with an average rainfall of only 30 millimeters (1.2 inches).

Seasonal Variability and Impacts

The seasonal variability in rainfall has significant implications for the local ecosystem and human activities. During the wet season, heavy rainfall can lead to flash flooding and disrupt transportation. The abundance of water, however, supports lush vegetation and agriculture. In contrast, the dry season brings challenges for water availability, particularly for domestic and agricultural purposes. Water levels in rivers and reservoirs decline, and some areas may experience water shortages. The local economy relies heavily on agriculture, and the seasonal rainfall patterns have a direct impact on crop production and livestock grazing.

Occurrence and Impact of Snowfall

Snowfall is an extremely rare phenomenon in Cacoal, Brazil, located in the tropical region of the country. However, on July 23, 1975, a historic snowfall occurred in the city, marking the only recorded snowfall event in its history. The snowfall, which lasted for approximately 20 minutes, covered the ground with a thin layer of ice crystals. The unusual weather condition caused widespread excitement and amazement among the residents, who had never witnessed snowfall before.

Causes and Significance

The snowfall in Cacoal was attributed to an unusual weather pattern that brought cold and humid air from the South Atlantic Ocean to the region. The air mass, encountering a high-pressure system over the Andes Mountains, caused it to rise and cool, resulting in the formation of snow clouds over Cacoal. The snowfall event garnered national and international attention, showcasing the extraordinary and unpredictable nature of weather patterns. It remains a cherished memory for the residents of Cacoal, serving as a testament to the remarkable diversity of Brazil’s climate.

Sunrise and Sunset

In Cacoal, Brazil, the sun rises between 4:50 AM and 5:30 AM throughout the year. Conversely, the sun sets between 5:50 PM and 6:30 PM, with the exact time varying depending on the season. The longest day of the year, the summer solstice, occurs around December 21st, when daylight lasts for approximately 13 hours and 15 minutes. In contrast, the shortest day of the year, the winter solstice, occurs around June 21st, and daylight lasts for about 10 hours and 45 minutes.

Sunshine Duration

Cacoal enjoys abundant sunshine throughout the year, with an average of approximately 2,600 sunshine hours annually. The sunniest months are August, September, and October, when the city experiences an average of over 250 hours of sunshine per month. The least sunny months are April, May, and June, which average around 180 hours of sunshine per month. The combination of long daylight hours and ample sunshine makes Cacoal an ideal destination for outdoor activities.

Moon Phases and Visibility in Cacoal

Cacoal, a city in the northwestern region of Brazil, experiences similar lunar cycles to most other locations on Earth. The moon’s phases are caused by its varying illumination as it orbits the Earth. As it moves around our planet, different portions of its surface are lit by the sun, resulting in the phases we observe. In Cacoal, as in other locations, the moon goes through a full cycle of phases approximately every 29.5 days. This cycle begins with the new moon, when the moon is between the Earth and the sun and its dark side faces us. As the moon moves in its orbit, more of its illuminated side becomes visible, leading to the waxing crescent, first quarter (half moon), waxing gibbous, and finally the full moon, when the entire illuminated side is visible. The cycle then reverses, leading to the waning gibbous, third quarter (half moon), waning crescent, and back to the new moon.

Moon’s Effects on Tide Levels

While the moon’s phases do not directly affect tide levels in Cacoal, its gravitational pull does influence the tides in nearby coastal areas. The gravitational force exerted by the moon on the Earth’s oceans creates high and low tides, with two high tides and two low tides occurring approximately every 12 hours and 25 minutes. In Cacoal, which is located inland, these tidal effects are minimal and typically not noticeable. However, along the nearby Atlantic coast, the influence of the moon’s gravity can result in significant changes in tide levels, shaping the coastal landscape and influencing the local marine ecosystem.

Humidity Overview

Cacoal, a city in the state of Rondônia, Brazil, experiences a tropical climate characterized by high temperatures and humidity throughout the year. The average annual relative humidity typically ranges from 70% to 80%, indicating a high level of moisture in the air. During the dry season, which occurs from May to October, humidity levels can drop slightly, reaching around 65% to 75%. However, even during this period, the air remains relatively humid.

Seasonal Variations in Humidity

The wet season in Cacoal, which lasts from November to April, brings with it an increase in humidity. During this time, the relative humidity can exceed 80% on average, creating an uncomfortable and muggy atmosphere. The high moisture content in the air can make it difficult to regulate body temperature and can also contribute to the formation of fog and mist. It’s important to note that humidity levels can vary considerably from day to day, especially during the transition between the wet and dry seasons.

Wind Patterns in Cacoal, Brazil

Cacoal, Brazil, is located in the Amazon rainforest region, where the climate is warm and humid year-round. However, the wind patterns in Cacoal vary depending on the season. During the dry season, from May to October, the predominant wind direction is from the southeast. These winds are known as the “trade winds” and bring warm, moist air from the Atlantic Ocean. During the rainy season, from November to April, the wind direction shifts to the northwest. These winds are known as the “monsoons” and bring heavy rainfall to the region.

Impacts of Wind on Cacoal

The wind patterns in Cacoal have a significant impact on the city’s climate and environment. The trade winds help to moderate temperatures during the dry season, making the weather more comfortable. However, the strong winds can also cause damage to buildings and infrastructure. The winds also play a role in the spread of wildfires during the dry season. The monsoons, on the other hand, bring much-needed rainfall to the region, but they can also cause flooding and landslides. The wind patterns also have an impact on the city’s economy, as they can affect agricultural yields and tourism.

Best Time to Visit Cacoal, Brazil: Wet Season

Cacoal, Brazil, experiences a tropical climate with two distinct seasons: wet and dry. The wet season, which lasts from November to April, is characterized by heavy rainfall and high humidity. While this time may not be ideal for outdoor activities, it offers some unique advantages. The lush vegetation is at its peak, creating a vibrant and verdant landscape. Furthermore, the rains often provide a dramatic backdrop for the region’s waterfalls and rivers.

Best Time to Visit Cacoal, Brazil: Dry Season

The dry season in Cacoal, Brazil, runs from May to October. This period is marked by less precipitation and lower humidity. The clear skies and pleasant temperatures make it an ideal time for outdoor activities. Visitors can enjoy the region’s natural attractions, such as the Salto do Morato waterfall, the Gruta dos Índios cave, and the Serra das Araras mountain range. Additionally, the dry season coincides with several local festivals and events, offering a glimpse into the region’s culture and traditions.

Potential of Solar Energy in Cacoal, Brazil

Cacoal, Brazil, possesses significant potential for harnessing solar energy due to its favorable geographical location within the Equatorial Zone. The city receives abundant sunshine throughout the year, with an average of over 2,800 sunshine hours. This high solar irradiance presents an excellent opportunity for the installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems to generate clean and sustainable electricity.

Exploiting solar energy in Cacoal can contribute to meeting the city’s growing energy demands while reducing its reliance on non-renewable fossil fuels. The adoption of solar PV technology can provide cost-effective and environmentally friendly solutions for residential, commercial, and industrial sectors. By tapping into the abundant solar resources, Cacoal has the potential to become a leader in renewable energy development and contribute to Brazil’s ambitious clean energy goals.

General Topography

Cacoal, Brazil is situated in the Rondônia state, within the Amazon rainforest biome. The region is characterized by a rolling terrain with gentle slopes and occasional hills. The highest point in the municipality is approximately 300 meters above sea level, while the lowest point is around 100 meters. The municipality is drained by several rivers, including the Rio Cacoal and Rio Pimenta Bueno, which flow into the Madeira River. Cacoal lies within the Brazilian Highlands, which is a vast plateau region covering much of central and eastern Brazil. The topography of the municipality is influenced by the underlying geology, with the presence of various rock formations and soil types contributing to the local landscape.

Regional Topography

The topography of Cacoal varies across the municipality, with different regions exhibiting distinct geological features. The northern and western parts of Cacoal are dominated by relatively flat terrain, with gently sloping hills and valleys. This region is known for its extensive savanna vegetation and agricultural activities. In contrast, the southern and eastern portions of the municipality are characterized by more rugged terrain, with steeper hills and deeper valleys. These areas are covered by dense rainforest and are home to a diverse range of flora and fauna. The topography of Cacoal also includes several isolated mountain peaks, such as the Serra do Mutum and Serra do Cachimbo, which provide scenic viewpoints and opportunities for outdoor recreation.

Porto Velho International Airport (PVH)

The nearest airport to Cacoal, Brazil is Porto Velho International Airport (PVH), located approximately 85 kilometers (53 miles) southeast of the city center. PVH handles domestic flights within Brazil, primarily to major cities such as São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Brasília. It is the primary airport serving the state of Rondônia and is operated by Emprapa (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária). The airport features a single runway and a passenger terminal that can accommodate up to 2 million passengers per year.

Additional Airport Information and Transportation

Cacoal does not have its own airport, so travelers must fly into Porto Velho International Airport and then arrange transport to Cacoal. Rental cars are available at PVH, and taxis and buses offer transportation to Cacoal. The journey takes approximately 1-1.5 hours by car or bus. Additionally, the towns of Vilhena and Ji-Paraná have smaller airports, but they primarily handle regional flights within the state. For international connections, travelers can connect through major airports in São Paulo or Rio de Janeiro.

Tourism and Recreation

Cacoal, a lively city in the heart of Rondônia, Brazil, boasts a rich cultural and natural heritage that attracts visitors from all over. The city’s main attraction is the Cacoal National Forest, a vast expanse of lush rainforest teeming with a diverse array of flora and fauna. Visitors can explore the forest’s trails, swim in its crystal-clear rivers, and encounter colorful macaws and other exotic birds. Cacoal also offers a vibrant city life, with numerous bars, restaurants, and shops, as well as cultural attractions such as the Municipal Museum and the Cacoal Zoo.

Economy and Development

Cacoal is a thriving economic hub, primarily driven by agriculture and livestock farming. The city is renowned for its production of soybeans, corn, and cattle. It also boasts a growing industrial sector, with several factories producing furniture, textiles, and beverages. Cacoal’s strategic location on the BR-364 highway has played a crucial role in its economic development, facilitating the transport of goods and services to other regions of Brazil. The city is committed to sustainable growth, with initiatives focused on environmental conservation and the promotion of responsible farming practices. Cacoal is poised for continued economic prosperity and innovation, making it an attractive destination for businesses and investors alike.