Bordeaux Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – France
Climate
Bordeaux experiences a temperate oceanic climate with mild winters and warm, sunny summers. The city enjoys moderate rainfall throughout the year, with the driest months being July and August. Winter temperatures typically range from 2 to 10 degrees Celsius (36 to 50 degrees Fahrenheit), while summer temperatures average between 18 and 27 degrees Celsius (64 to 81 degrees Fahrenheit). The city’s proximity to the Atlantic Ocean helps regulate temperatures, providing a mild climate all year round.
Average Weather Year Round
Spring (March-May): Spring in Bordeaux is characterized by gradually increasing temperatures and increased sunshine. Average temperatures in March hover around 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit), rising to 15-18 degrees Celsius (59-64 degrees Fahrenheit) in May. Rain showers are common during this season, but the weather remains pleasant for outdoor activities.
Summer (June-August): Summer is the warmest time of year in Bordeaux, with long, sunny days and occasional heat waves. Average temperatures during these months range from 20 to 28 degrees Celsius (68 to 82 degrees Fahrenheit), with July and August being the hottest months. The city experiences some humidity during the summer, but it is generally tolerable.
Autumn (September-November): Autumn in Bordeaux brings a gradual decline in temperatures and an increase in rainfall. Average temperatures in September are around 17 degrees Celsius (63 degrees Fahrenheit), dropping to 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit) by November. The weather during this season can be variable, with sunny days interspersed with periods of rain.
Winter (December-February): Winter in Bordeaux is mild compared to other parts of France. Temperatures typically range from 2 to 8 degrees Celsius (36 to 46 degrees Fahrenheit), with occasional frosts and fog. Rain and wind are common during this season, but the city rarely experiences snow or ice.
Average Monthly Temperature
Bordeaux, renowned for its exceptional wine region, showcases a temperate climate with distinct seasonal variations. The city boasts warm, pleasant summers with average high temperatures ranging from 23°C (73°F) in June to 27°C (81°F) in July and August. During these months, the days are long and sunny, providing ample opportunities to bask in the warmth. Conversely, winters are generally mild, with average low temperatures hovering around 4°C (39°F) in January and February. The city experiences occasional cold spells, but temperatures rarely drop below freezing.
Seasonal Variations
Spring and autumn in Bordeaux are characterized by transitional weather. March and April witness a gradual rise in temperatures, welcoming the arrival of spring. The average high temperatures range from 13°C (55°F) to 19°C (66°F), accompanied by increasing sunshine hours. Autumn brings cooler temperatures and more frequent showers. September and October offer pleasant temperatures, averaging between 17°C (63°F) and 21°C (70°F), while November signals the onset of winter with average low temperatures dipping to 6°C (43°F).
Cloud Types and Prevalence
Bordeaux, a city in southwestern France, experiences a variety of cloud types throughout the year. The most common cloud formations include cirrus, cumulus, and stratus clouds. Cirrus clouds are thin, wispy clouds that appear as delicate streaks or tufts in the sky. Cumulus clouds are fluffy, white clouds with defined edges, often resembling cotton balls. Stratus clouds are flat, gray clouds that cover the entire sky, often bringing overcast conditions. The prevalence of each cloud type varies seasonally, with cirrus clouds being most common in spring and summer, cumulus clouds during summer and fall, and stratus clouds prevalent in winter and spring.
Impact on Climate and Weather
Clouds play a significant role in shaping the climate and weather patterns of Bordeaux. High clouds, such as cirrus clouds, allow most sunlight to penetrate the Earth’s atmosphere, contributing to warm temperatures. Cumulus clouds, while providing partial shade, can produce brief showers or thunderstorms. Stratus clouds, on the other hand, block most sunlight, leading to overcast conditions and potentially causing precipitation. The type and coverage of clouds can also influence wind speeds, humidity, and the daily temperature range. Additionally, clouds can affect the city’s air quality by trapping pollutants and contributing to smog formation.
Average Precipitation
Bordeaux experiences a temperate, oceanic climate with abundant rainfall throughout the year. The average annual precipitation totals approximately 31 inches (787 millimeters), with a relatively even distribution across the seasons. However, there are slight variations, with autumn and winter being somewhat wetter than spring and summer. The wettest months are typically November and December, receiving an average of 5 inches (127 mm) of rainfall each.
Seasonal Distribution
The seasonal distribution of precipitation is influenced by atmospheric circulation patterns. During the autumn and winter months, westerly winds carry moisture-laden air from the Atlantic Ocean, resulting in increased precipitation. As the winds shift to more northerly directions in spring and summer, drier conditions often prevail. However, thunderstorms and localized rainfall can still occur during these seasons, particularly in the late afternoons or evenings.
The average daily precipitation varies throughout the year. In autumn and winter, rainfall is often more frequent but less intense, with days receiving around 0.2 to 0.5 inches (5 to 13 mm) of precipitation. In contrast, spring and summer rainfall tends to be more concentrated, with heavier showers or thunderstorms dropping up to 1 inch (25 mm) or more in a shorter period.
Seasonal Rainfall Patterns
Bordeaux experiences significant seasonal variation in rainfall. During the winter months (December to February), rainfall is abundant, with an average of 80-120 mm per month. The Atlantic Ocean’s influence brings frequent rain-bearing systems that dump moisture on the city. December and January tend to be the wettest months, receiving over 100 mm of precipitation on average.
Summer Precipitation and Drought Risk
In contrast to the winter, summer (June to August) in Bordeaux is characterized by relatively dry conditions. Average monthly rainfall during this period ranges from 50-70 mm, and prolonged dry spells are not uncommon. The lack of significant rainfall can lead to droughts, particularly during hot and sunny summers. Drought conditions can impact agriculture, water resources, and the overall ecosystem in the region.
Annual Rainfall and Climate Change
Bordeaux’s annual rainfall averages around 900-1000 mm, placing it within the range of temperate climates. However, climate change is expected to influence rainfall patterns in the future. Projections suggest an increase in the frequency and intensity of heavy rainfall events during the winter months, while summers are likely to become even drier. These changes could have significant implications for water management, flood risk, and the overall resilience of the city.
Snowfall in Bordeaux, France: A Rare Occurrence
Bordeaux, France, located in the southwestern part of the country, typically experiences mild, temperate winters with little snowfall. However, in recent years, the city has witnessed an increase in snowfall events. This phenomenon has been attributed to climate change, which is leading to warmer temperatures in the region. As a result, snowfall in Bordeaux has become a more common occurrence, albeit still relatively rare.
Ecological and Social Impacts of Snowfall
The snowfall in Bordeaux has significant ecological and social impacts. The snow cover can provide insulation for plants and animals during cold temperatures, protecting them from frost damage. However, heavy snowfall can also disrupt transportation, causing road closures and traffic issues. Additionally, the weight of the snow can damage trees and power lines, leading to power outages. Furthermore, snowfall can have a negative impact on tourism and outdoor activities.
Climate and Sunshine in Bordeaux
Bordeaux enjoys a mild and sunny climate with warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters. The city receives an average of 2,000 hours of sunshine annually, making it one of the sunniest cities in France. July and August are the sunniest months, with an average of 10-12 hours of sunshine per day. The city also experiences a high number of clear days throughout the year, with an average of 180 days with no precipitation. This favorable weather contributes to Bordeaux’s reputation as a desirable tourist destination and a popular spot for outdoor activities.
Effect of the Ocean on Bordeaux’s Climate
Bordeaux’s proximity to the Atlantic Ocean significantly influences its climate. The ocean acts as a heat and moisture reservoir, moderating temperatures throughout the year. It prevents extreme heat during the summer months and helps maintain mild temperatures during the winter. The prevailing winds from the ocean also bring moisture to the region, contributing to the ample rainfall experienced in Bordeaux. The ocean’s influence creates a relatively stable and temperate climate, making it an ideal location for viticulture and other agricultural activities.
Historical Significance
The Moon in Bordeaux, France is a landmark located on the banks of the Garonne River. Its origins can be traced back to the 12th century when the Benedictine monks established a monastery on the site. The monastery became an important religious and cultural center, attracting pilgrims from far and wide. Over the centuries, the Moon evolved into a gathering place for locals and a symbol of Bordeaux’s rich history.
Architectural Charm
The Moon is a magnificent building that showcases various architectural styles. Its original Romanesque facade features intricate carvings, while the interior boasts Gothic arches and stained glass windows. The name “Moon” is thought to have originated from its crescent-shaped apse, which resembles the celestial body. The Moon has undergone several renovations and additions over the years, including a stunning Renaissance-style cloister. Today, it serves as a cultural venue, hosting exhibitions, concerts, and other events.
Seasonal Humidity and Its Impact
Bordeaux, France, experiences a temperate oceanic climate with distinct seasonal humidity patterns. During the summer months (June-August), the city typically witnesses high humidity levels ranging from 60% to 80%. The warm temperatures and abundant rainfall during this season create a humid and sultry atmosphere. In contrast, the winter months (December-February) are characterized by relatively low humidity levels averaging around 50-60%. The cold and dry conditions during this period often lead to foggy mornings and a chilly yet crisp atmosphere.
Diurnal Variation and Climatic Influences
Apart from seasonal variations, Bordeaux also exhibits diurnal humidity fluctuations. During the daytime, the humidity levels tend to be lower, especially during the summer months when the sun’s heat evaporates moisture from the ground. Conversely, at night, humidity levels rise as the cooler air cannot hold as much moisture, resulting in the formation of dew or fog. The overall humidity in Bordeaux is influenced by several climatic factors, including the proximity to the Atlantic Ocean, which provides ample moisture through evaporation. Additionally, the region’s geographical position within the temperate zone allows for both warm and cool air masses to pass through, further shaping the humidity patterns.
Average Wind Speed
Bordeaux, France experiences moderate wind speeds throughout the year. The average wind speed ranges from 12 to 16 kilometers per hour (7-10 miles per hour), with slightly higher wind speeds during the winter months. The windiest month is December, with average wind speeds of 16 kilometers per hour (10 miles per hour). In contrast, the calmest month is August, with average wind speeds of 12 kilometers per hour (7 miles per hour).
Wind Direction
The predominant wind direction in Bordeaux varies with the season. During the winter months, winds tend to blow from the south or southwest. In the spring and summer months, winds typically blow from the west or northwest. During the fall, winds are more variable, coming from a variety of directions. The city experiences occasional strong winds, especially during the winter months, when gusts of up to 60 kilometers per hour (37 miles per hour) have been recorded.
Spring (April-May)
Spring in Bordeaux is an ideal time to visit, offering a pleasant climate with warm, sunny days and cool evenings. The city comes alive with blooming flowers, adding vibrant colors to the streets and gardens. The weather is perfect for exploring the city’s historic neighborhoods, admiring the architecture, and enjoying leisurely walks along the Garonne River. This season also marks the beginning of the wine festival season, with numerous events and tastings taking place in the surrounding vineyards.
Autumn (September-November)
Autumn in Bordeaux is a picturesque time of year. The leaves turn golden and vibrant shades of red, creating a stunning backdrop for the city’s beautiful buildings. The weather remains mild and sunny, making it ideal for outdoor activities such as cycling, hiking, and visiting nearby vineyards for grape harvesting and wine tasting. Autumn is a popular time for wine enthusiasts as the grapes are picked and the production of the famous Bordeaux wines begins. Visitors can experience the excitement and anticipation of the harvest season, often accompanied by colorful festivals and celebrations.
Solar Irradiation and Potential
Bordeaux, located in southwestern France, has a favorable solar climate with annual solar irradiation levels ranging from 1,400 to 1,600 kWh/m². This abundant solar resource makes the region suitable for both residential and commercial solar energy applications. The city’s temperate climate and relatively low humidity enhance the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) systems, contributing to their performance and energy yield.
Development and Deployment
In recent years, the city and surrounding region have witnessed significant growth in the deployment of solar energy systems. Local authorities have implemented incentives and support mechanisms to encourage the adoption of renewable energy, including solar. Numerous PV installations have been installed on rooftops, commercial buildings, and large-scale solar farms in the area. The city of Bordeaux aims to become a leader in the energy transition and has set ambitious targets for solar energy development, with plans to cover a substantial portion of its energy needs from solar sources by 2030.
Garonne River Valley:
The topography of Bordeaux is primarily defined by the Garonne River Valley. This valley, formed by the erosion of the Garonne River, is a flat and fertile plain extending east-west for approximately 100 kilometers. The Garonne River meanders through the valley, creating numerous islands and sandbanks. The elevation in the valley is generally low, with most areas lying below 50 meters above sea level. The rich alluvial soils of the Garonne Valley make it an ideal region for agriculture, particularly for vineyards used in wine production.
Uplands and Forests:
Surrounding the Garonne River Valley are several areas of upland. To the north lies the Médoc peninsula, formed by a plateau of limestone and sand. This peninsula is covered by extensive pine forests, known as the Landes de Gascogne. To the east and southeast of Bordeaux, the Entre-deux-Mers region consists of a series of low, rolling hills. These hills are dotted with vineyards, orchards, and small villages. The Entre-deux-Mers region is also home to the Graves forest, a large pine forest that provides a backdrop to the city of Bordeaux. The highest point in the Bordeaux area is the Butte de Quatrefages, with an elevation of 107 meters, located in the Entre-deux-Mers region.
Bordeaux-Mérignac Airport (BOD)
Bordeaux-Mérignac Airport is the nearest airport to Bordeaux, France, situated approximately 12.5 kilometers (7.8 miles) southwest of the city center. It is the fifth-busiest airport in France, handling over 6 million passengers annually. The airport has a single terminal with three levels and offers a range of amenities, including duty-free shops, restaurants, and lounges. It is well-connected to Bordeaux by public transportation, with the Bordeaux tramway line C running directly to the airport.
Other Nearby Airports
In addition to Bordeaux-Mérignac Airport, there are several other airports within easy reach of Bordeaux. These include:
- Bergerac Dordogne Périgord Airport (EGC), located approximately 110 kilometers (68 miles) east of Bordeaux.
- La Rochelle-Île de Ré Airport (LRH), located approximately 160 kilometers (99 miles) north of Bordeaux.
- Biarritz Pays Basque Airport (BIQ), located approximately 180 kilometers (112 miles) south of Bordeaux.
The choice of which airport to use will depend on factors such as distance from Bordeaux, flight availability, and cost.
History and Heritage
Bordeaux has a rich and captivating history dating back to the Roman Empire. The city was known as Burdigala and played a significant role as a port and a crossroads for trade. Over the centuries, Bordeaux experienced various influences, including the Visigoths, the Normans, and the English. In the 18th century, the city underwent a period of great prosperity and expansion, and many of the elegant buildings and monuments that we see today were constructed during this time. Bordeaux’s rich history has left an enduring legacy, making it a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Culture and Gastronomy
Bordeaux is a vibrant and cosmopolitan city that offers a wealth of cultural attractions. The city is home to world-renowned museums, including the Musée d’Aquitaine and the Musée des Beaux-Arts. There are also numerous theaters, art galleries, and historical sites to explore. Bordeaux is also renowned for its exceptional gastronomy. The region is famous for its vineyards, and the city offers a wide array of restaurants and wine bars where one can indulge in the local cuisine and sample the renowned Bordeaux wines. Additionally, Bordeaux hosts various festivals throughout the year, including the International Wine Festival and the Festival of Sacred Music.