Ash Shatrah Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Iraq

Summer

Ash Shatrah experiences a hot, dry summer from June to September with average temperatures ranging from 35°C to 45°C (95°F to 113°F). The heat is often accompanied by high humidity and oppressive, scorching winds. Precipitation is minimal during this period, with average rainfall of less than 10mm (0.4 inches) per month. The duration of sunlight is extensive, with up to 14 hours of daylight in the peak of summer. This time of year is generally considered the most uncomfortable and challenging to endure due to the extreme heat and humidity.

Winter

The winter season in Ash Shatrah spans from December to February and is typically mild and relatively dry. Average temperatures range from 5°C to 15°C (41°F to 59°F), with nighttime temperatures occasionally dropping below freezing. Rainfall is scarce during the winter months, averaging around 20mm (0.8 inches) per month. While rain is infrequent, heavy thunderstorms can occur occasionally. The days are generally short during winter, with an average of 10 hours of daylight. The climate during this period is generally pleasant and comfortable for outdoor activities.

Summer Season

The summer season in Ash Shatrah, Iraq, is characterized by extreme heat and low precipitation. The average temperatures during this period, which typically spans from June to August, hover around 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit). The scorching sun relentlessly beats down, often accompanied by dust storms that further exacerbate the oppressive conditions. The humidity levels are generally low, providing little respite from the intense heat.

Winter Season

In contrast to the scorching summers, the winter season in Ash Shatrah is relatively mild. The average temperatures during this period, which generally runs from December to February, range between 10-15 degrees Celsius (50-59 degrees Fahrenheit). While nights can be chilly, with temperatures dipping below 10 degrees Celsius, the daytime temperatures provide a pleasant warmth. Precipitation is more common during this season, with occasional rainfall and thunderstorms.

Cloud Types and Formation

The skies above Ash Shatrah, Iraq, display a diverse array of cloud formations. Cumulus clouds, with their characteristic puffy appearance, often dominate the sky during the day. These clouds form when rising air currents carry moisture upwards, causing the water vapor to condense into tiny water droplets or ice crystals. As the droplets accumulate, they form visible clouds.

On days with higher humidity, larger clouds known as stratus clouds may appear. These clouds have a flat, uniform base and cover the sky evenly, resulting in overcast conditions. Altostratus clouds, a variation of stratus clouds, form at higher altitudes and often appear as a thin, gray layer that obscures the sun or moon. Conversely, cirrus clouds, composed of ice crystals, are thin and wispy and often form at the highest altitudes.

Seasonal Variation

The cloud cover in Ash Shatrah varies significantly throughout the year. During the hot, dry summer months, the sky is often clear or partly cloudy, as the descending air prevents the formation of clouds. Conversely, during the rainy winter months, cloud cover is more frequent and persistent due to increased precipitation. The transition seasons of spring and autumn bring a mix of cloud types, with both clear and overcast days occurring.

Annual Precipitation

Ash Shatrah, located in southern Iraq, experiences an arid climate with scant precipitation throughout the year. Annual precipitation averages around 100 millimeters (4 inches), with most occurring during the winter months. The region is characterized by long, hot summers with virtually no rainfall and mild winters with occasional precipitation.

Seasonal Variability

Precipitation in Ash Shatrah is highly seasonal. The wettest months are December, January, and February, when the region receives approximately 60 millimeters (2.4 inches) of rainfall. During this period, occasional showers and thunderstorms associated with Mediterranean cyclones bring much-needed moisture to the parched landscape. In contrast, the summer months (June to August) are exceptionally dry, receiving less than 5 millimeters (0.2 inches) of rainfall. The scarcity of precipitation during this season is due to the northward shift of the intertropical convergence zone, which brings rain to regions farther south.

Rainfall Patterns

Ash Shatrah, Iraq, experiences a distinct pattern of rainfall throughout the year. The region is characterized by a hot and dry climate, with most rainfall occurring during the winter months from December to April. During this period, the area receives an average of 75% of its annual precipitation, with January typically being the wettest month. Rainfall during the summer months is scarce, with only about 25% of the annual precipitation falling between May and November.

Seasonal Variability

Rainfall in Ash Shatrah exhibits significant seasonal variability. Winter rainfall is influenced by the passage of Mediterranean cyclones, which originate over the Mediterranean Sea and bring moisture to the region. During these months, rainfall can be sporadic and intense, with heavy downpours and thunderstorms. In contrast, summer rainfall is typically associated with localized thunderstorms, known as “haboobs.” These storms are often characterized by strong winds, dust, and occasional rainfall. The amount and distribution of rainfall can vary greatly from year to year, with some years experiencing more frequent and intense rainfall than others.

Rare Snowfall in Ash Shatrah, Iraq

Ash Shatrah, a city in southern Iraq, experienced a rare snowfall on January 24, 2021. The snowfall was historic for the region, as it had not seen snowfall in decades. The snowfall caused significant disruption to daily life, with schools and businesses closing for the day. Snowfall is a very unusual occurrence in Iraq, as the country is located in a desert climate. The snowfall was the result of a rare weather system that brought cold air from the north. The snowfall was welcomed by residents who enjoyed playing in the snow and building snowmen. However, it also caused some problems for the city’s infrastructure, as the snow and ice made roads impassable.

Impact of the Snowfall

The snowfall in Ash Shatrah had a significant impact on the city. Schools and businesses closed for the day, and roads were impassable due to the snow and ice. The snowfall also caused power outages in some parts of the city. The Iraqi government deployed snowplows to clear the roads, but the snowfall was too heavy, and the roads remained closed for several days. The snowfall also caused damage to buildings and homes, as the weight of the snow caused roofs to collapse. The snowfall also caused a sharp drop in temperatures, leading to widespread hypothermia. The Iraqi government provided food and shelter to those who were affected by the snowfall.

Sunrise and Sunset Times

The sun’s celestial dance in Ash Shatrah, Iraq, follows a predictable rhythm throughout the year. As dawn breaks, the glowing orb rises above the eastern horizon between approximately 4:45 AM and 6:00 AM local time. The duration of daylight varies depending on the season, with the longest days occurring around the summer solstice in June and the shortest days around the winter solstice in December. Sunset, on the other hand, occurs in the evening, typically between 5:30 PM and 7:00 PM local time.

Solar Intensity and Climate

Ash Shatrah, nestled in central Iraq, experiences a hot and arid climate. The city’s geographical location within the Mesopotamian plain exposes it to intense solar radiation throughout the year. The sun’s rays can be particularly scorching during the summer months, when temperatures often soar above 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit). The strong sunshine supports a dry and rain-scarce climate, with annual precipitation averaging only 100 millimeters (4 inches). The city’s aridity, combined with the lack of cloud cover, amplifies the sun’s intensity and makes shade a precious commodity during the hot season.

Cultural Significance:

The Moon in Ash Shatrah, Iraq holds immense cultural significance for the local community. As a celestial body, the Moon has been interwoven into the tapestry of human history and mythology, often symbolizing hope, renewal, and divine guidance. In Ash Shatrah, the Moon’s cyclical phases are closely observed and celebrated. Local traditions and rituals are often tied to the lunar calendar, and the appearance of the new moon is seen as a time for new beginnings and setting intentions. The Moon’s role in navigation and timekeeping has also made it a valuable resource for the nomadic and agricultural communities of the region.

Astronomical Observations:

The Moon’s position in the sky can be precisely tracked from Ash Shatrah due to its clear desert skies and low light pollution. This has allowed for centuries of astronomical observations, contributing to our understanding of the Moon’s orbit and its influence on Earth’s tides. Ash Shatrah is also home to the Ash Shatrah Observatory, one of the oldest and largest in Iraq. Established in 1988, the observatory has been dedicated to the study of astronomy, meteorology, and seismology. Scientists and researchers from around the world collaborate at Ash Shatrah to conduct vital observations and research, further enriching our knowledge of the Moon and its place in the solar system.

Monthly Humidity Variation

The humidity levels in Ash Shatrah, Iraq vary significantly throughout the year. During the hot summer months (June to August), the average relative humidity ranges from 40% to 60% due to the intense heat and evaporation. However, as the temperatures drop during the fall and winter (October to March), the relative humidity gradually increases, reaching over 70% in December and January. This increase in humidity is attributed to the cooler temperatures and the influence of moisture-laden air masses from the Persian Gulf.

Seasonal Impacts on Humidity

The high humidity levels during the winter months can contribute to a sense of dampness and discomfort, especially indoors. The moisture in the air can lead to condensation on windows and other surfaces, potentially fostering mold growth. On the other hand, the lower humidity levels during the summer months can exacerbate dehydration and heat-related illnesses, making it crucial to stay hydrated and take precautions during outdoor activities. The seasonal variations in humidity also affect the local agriculture, as crops may require more watering during the summer and be more susceptible to moisture-related diseases during the winter.

Wind Patterns in Ash Shatrah

Ash Shatrah, a city in southeastern Iraq, experiences a hot desert climate with extreme temperature variations throughout the year. The predominant wind patterns in the region are influenced by the topography and seasonal changes. During the winter months (December-March), northwesterly winds prevail, bringing cold air masses from the Siberian High. These winds can cause occasional dust storms and sandstorms, especially in February and March.

In the summer months (June-September), the wind direction shifts to the southeast, carrying hot and dry air from the Arabian Peninsula. The Shamal, a hot and dry wind originating from the northwest, frequently affects Ash Shatrah during this period. The Shamal can cause severe dust storms and reduce visibility, disrupting daily life and transportation. During the shoulder seasons (April-May and October-November), variable wind patterns are observed, with transitions between the dominating winter and summer winds.

Best Time to Visit Ash Shatrah for Pleasant Weather

Ash Shatrah, situated in southeastern Iraq, experiences a hot desert climate with scorching summers and mild winters. The ideal time to visit this city for pleasant weather is during the spring (March to May) or autumn (September to November). During these months, temperatures range from a comfortable 20°C to 30°C, providing ample opportunities for outdoor activities and exploration. The humidity levels are also relatively low, ensuring a more enjoyable experience.

Best Time to Visit Ash Shatrah for Festivals and Events

If attending local festivals and events is a priority, consider visiting Ash Shatrah during the winter months (December to February). The city hosts several cultural and religious celebrations during this time. The Ashura Festival, which commemorates the martyrdom of Imam Hussein, is a particularly significant event that attracts pilgrims from around the region. However, it is important to note that winters in Ash Shatrah can be chilly, with temperatures dropping to around 10°C at night. Proper clothing and layers are recommended for those visiting during this period.

Overview of Solar Energy Potential in Ash Shatrah

Ash Shatrah, located in southeastern Iraq, possesses significant potential for solar energy development. The city experiences year-round sunshine with an estimated solar radiation of around 6 kWh/m2 per day. The high solar insolation and arid climate make Ash Shatrah an ideal location for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems and solar thermal applications. Additionally, the availability of vast open and undeveloped land provides ample space for the establishment of large-scale solar farms.

Current Status and Future Plans

Currently, solar energy plays a limited role in Ash Shatrah’s energy mix. Several small-scale solar PV systems have been installed for residential and commercial use, but their contribution to the overall electricity demand is negligible. However, the Iraqi government has recognized the potential of solar energy and is promoting its development. In 2021, the Ministry of Electricity announced plans to construct a 500-megawatt solar power plant in Ash Shatrah. This project, once completed, would significantly increase the city’s solar energy capacity and reduce its reliance on fossil fuels.

Landforms and Terrain

Ash Shatrah, Iraq is characterized by a relatively flat and arid landscape. The terrain is primarily comprised of vast desert plains, with occasional sand dunes and low-lying hills. The topography is influenced by the Tigris River, which forms the western boundary of the city. The riverbanks are lined with fertile alluvial plains, providing some contrast to the surrounding desert.

Hydrology

Aside from the Tigris River, Ash Shatrah is also influenced by a network of canals and irrigation systems. These waterways play a vital role in agriculture, providing water for crops and supporting the local economy. The city is located in a semi-arid climate, with limited rainfall and high temperatures. As a result, water resources are scarce and highly valued by the local population. The Tigris River and its tributaries serve as the primary source of water for drinking, irrigation, and other essential activities.

Nearest Airport to Ash Shatrah, Iraq

Ash Shatrah is a city located in the southern part of Iraq. The nearest airport to Ash Shatrah is Basra International Airport (BSR), also known as Basra Airport. It is approximately 60 kilometers (37 miles) southwest of Ash Shatrah and can be reached within an hour by car. BSR is the main airport serving the Basra Governorate and offers both domestic and international flights. Several airlines operate regular flights to various destinations in Iraq, including Baghdad, Erbil, and Sulaymaniyah as well as regional destinations such as Dubai, Kuwait City, and Amman.

Alternative Airports

If Basra International Airport is not suitable or convenient, there are other airports within a reasonable distance from Ash Shatrah. The second nearest airport is An Najaf International Airport (NJF), approximately 160 kilometers (99 miles) northwest of Ash Shatrah. NJF is located in the city of An Najaf and serves the central and southern regions of Iraq. It offers domestic flights to major cities such as Baghdad, Erbil, and Sulaymaniyah, as well as international flights to destinations in the Middle East, Asia, and Europe. Another option is Baghdad International Airport (BGW), about 480 kilometers (298 miles) northwest of Ash Shatrah. BGW is the largest and busiest airport in Iraq, providing extensive domestic and international connections to destinations worldwide.

History and Culture:

Ash Shatrah, located in southern Iraq, has a rich and diverse history. It was founded as a military colony by the Ottoman Empire in the 16th century and later became a major center for trade and agriculture. The city is home to numerous architectural landmarks, including the historic Ottoman-era fortress and the Great Mosque of Ash Shatrah. The local culture is a blend of Arab and Persian influences, and the city is renowned for its traditional crafts such as weaving and metalworking.

Economy and Agriculture:

Ash Shatrah is an agricultural hub, with dates being its primary crop. The city is also a major center for rice and wheat cultivation, and its fertile soil supports a thriving livestock industry. The city’s economy is heavily dependent on agriculture, and it also benefits from trade and tourism. The location of Ash Shatrah on the Tigris River provides access to major waterways, facilitating trade with neighboring regions. Furthermore, the city’s proximity to major population centers such as Basra and Baghdad makes it an important economic and cultural center in southern Iraq.