`Aqrah Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Iraq

Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Aqrah, Iraq

Aqrah, Iraq, enjoys a warm climate with ample sunshine throughout the year. Summers are typically hot and dry, with average high temperatures ranging from 35 to 40 degrees Celsius (95 to 104 degrees Fahrenheit). Nights can be slightly cooler, with temperatures dropping to around 20 to 25 degrees Celsius (68 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit). The hottest months are July and August, when temperatures can occasionally reach 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit) or higher.

Winters in Aqrah are mild to cool, with average high temperatures hovering around 10 to 15 degrees Celsius (50 to 59 degrees Fahrenheit). Nights are typically cold, with temperatures dipping to an average of 0 to 5 degrees Celsius (32 to 41 degrees Fahrenheit). Snowfall is rare, but it can occasionally occur during the coldest months of the year, December and January. Rainfall is relatively scarce in Aqrah, with an average annual precipitation of around 250 millimeters (10 inches). Most of the precipitation falls during the winter and spring months.

Monthly Average Temperatures

Aqrah, Iraq experiences significant temperature variations throughout the year. The hottest months are July and August, with average temperatures hovering around 50°C (122°F). The cold months are December and January, when temperatures can drop to an average of 5°C (41°F).

The spring and autumn months in Aqrah are relatively mild. April, May, and October have average temperatures ranging from 20°C to 30°C (68°F to 86°F). However, significant temperature fluctuations can occur during these months, with occasional cold spells or heat waves.

Cloud Cover in Aqrah, Iraq

The cloud cover in Aqrah, Iraq, varies throughout the year. During the winter months, from December to February, cloud cover is generally high, with an average of 60-70%. This is due to the influence of the Mediterranean Sea, which brings moisture-laden air masses to the region. During the summer months, from June to August, cloud cover is typically lower, with an average of 20-30%. This is because the sun’s heat causes the air to rise and form clouds, which then dissipate during the night.

Types of Clouds in Aqrah, Iraq

The most common type of cloud in Aqrah, Iraq, is the cumulus cloud. Cumulus clouds are characterized by their puffy cotton-like appearance, and they are often associated with fair weather. Other types of clouds that are frequently observed in the region include stratus clouds, cirrus clouds, and altocumulus clouds. Stratus clouds are flat and gray, and they often cover the entire sky. Cirrus clouds are thin and wispy, and they are typically found at high altitudes. Altocumulus clouds are a combination of cumulus and stratus clouds, and they often have a layered or banded appearance.

Precipitation Patterns

Aqrah, Iraq, experiences a semi-arid climate with precipitation primarily concentrated in the winter and spring months. Annual precipitation averages around 400-500 millimeters, and most of this rainfall occurs between October and May. Winter rainfall, often as snow or sleet, originates from Mediterranean weather systems moving eastward. In contrast, spring precipitation is typically associated with the passage of extra-tropical cyclones. During the dry season (June-September), precipitation is infrequent and sporadic, with the occasional occurrence of thunderstorms.

Rainfall Variability and Trends

Like many regions influenced by the Mediterranean climate, Aqrah’s rainfall patterns exhibit significant interannual variability. Extended periods of drought or above-average rainfall are not uncommon. Long-term observations also indicate a gradual decline in precipitation over the last several decades, attributed to changes in global atmospheric circulation patterns and the impacts of climate change. This trend has raised concerns about water availability and agricultural productivity in the region, and continued monitoring and adaptation strategies are essential to mitigate its potential consequences.

Rainfall Patterns and Variability

Aqrah, Iraq, experiences a semi-arid climate with moderate rainfall. Annual precipitation typically ranges between 250-350 mm (10-14 inches), with most rainfall occurring during the winter months (November to March). The wettest month is December, averaging around 60 mm (2.4 inches) of rain. During the summer months (June to September), rainfall is scarce, with only occasional showers or thunderstorms.

Seasonal variations in rainfall are significant. Years with higher-than-average rainfall are often characterized by frequent cold fronts and a dominant westerly wind pattern. These conditions favor the formation of rain-producing clouds and precipitation. In contrast, years with below-average rainfall tend to have fewer cold fronts and a more pronounced northerly wind pattern, which suppresses rainfall activity.

Frequency and Timing of Snowfall

Aqrah, a city in northern Iraq, experiences snowfall sporadically. The city is located in the Kurdistan region, which is characterized by a semi-arid climate. Snowfall typically occurs during the winter months, between December and March, but it is not uncommon for the region to experience occasional snowfall in other seasons as well. The frequency and intensity of snowfall vary significantly from year to year, depending on factors such as temperature and precipitation patterns.

Impacts of Snowfall

Snowfall in Aqrah can have both positive and negative impacts on the city and its surroundings. On the one hand, snowfall creates picturesque scenery and provides opportunities for winter sports such as skiing and snowboarding. It can also replenish water sources and improve soil moisture levels, benefiting local agriculture. On the other hand, heavy snowfall can disrupt transportation and cause power outages. Road closures and traffic congestion can make it difficult for residents to travel and conduct daily activities. In addition, the cold weather can pose health risks to vulnerable populations, such as the elderly and the homeless.

Sunrise and Sunset Times

The Sun’s position is constantly changing due to the Earth’s rotation and its orbit around the Sun. In Aqrah, Iraq, the exact times of sunrise and sunset vary throughout the year. For instance, in June, sunrise occurs around 5:45 AM, while sunset is at approximately 7:30 PM. In December, the Sun rises later at about 7:00 AM, and sets earlier at around 5:15 PM. These times may vary slightly depending on the specific location withinAqrah.

Daylength

The length of daylight refers to the duration between sunrise and sunset, which also varies significantly throughout the year in Aqrah, Iraq. In June, when the days are longest, the city experiences about 14 hours and 45 minutes of daylight. On the other hand, in December, when the days are shortest,Aqrah has approximately 9 hours and 30 minutes of daylight. The changing daylength is primarily due to the tilt of the Earth axis and its elliptical orbit around the Sun.

Moon Phases

In Aqrah, Iraq, the moon goes through different phases throughout the lunar cycle. The new moon, when the moon is not visible, occurs approximately every 29.5 days. As the moon orbits the Earth, it gradually becomes visible as a thin crescent. As it continues its orbit, the illuminated portion of the moon increases, until it reaches the full moon, when the entire face of the moon is illuminated by the sun. Over the next two weeks, the moon gradually wanes, becoming less illuminated until it reaches the new moon phase again.

Impact on Islamic Observances

The phases of the moon play a significant role in Islamic observances, particularly for determining the start and end of the month. The Islamic calendar is a lunar calendar, with each month beginning on the day the new moon is first sighted. The sighting of the new moon is a critical event for Muslims, as it indicates the start of a new month and the commencement of religious obligations such as the fasting during the month of Ramadan. The moon’s phases also influence the timing of other Islamic holidays, including Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha.

Seasonal Humidity Variations

Humidity levels in Aqrah, Iraq, fluctuate throughout the year, driven by seasonal changes in temperature and precipitation. During the hot and dry summer months (June-September), humidity levels tend to be low, with average relative humidity values ranging from 10% to 40%. This is due to the extremely hot and arid desert-like conditions that prevail in the region during this period.

Winter Humidity and Precipitation

In contrast to the summer, winter months (December-February) in Aqrah typically experience higher humidity levels due to increased precipitation and milder temperatures. Relative humidity often reaches 60-80% during this time, especially during periods of heavy rainfall or snowfall. The presence of moisture in the atmosphere and reduced evaporation rates contribute to the higher humidity during the winter months.

Impact of Climate Change

Recent studies suggest that climate change may be exacerbating humidity levels in Aqrah and other parts of Iraq. Rising global temperatures are expected to lead to increased evaporation rates, resulting in higher atmospheric moisture content. Additionally, changes in precipitation patterns could potentially affect the timing and intensity of humidity cycles in the region. As a result, longer periods of high humidity may become more common in Aqrah in the future, potentially leading to increased discomfort and health concerns for its inhabitants.

Wind Patterns in `Aqrah, Iraq

`Aqrah, Iraq experiences varying wind patterns throughout the year. During the summer months (June to September), prevailing winds originate from the northwesterly direction, known as the Shamal winds. These winds are typically strong and persistent, bringing hot and dry air from the Arabian Peninsula. The Shamal winds reach their peak intensity in July and August, often reaching speeds of 50 kilometers per hour or more.

In contrast, during the winter months (December to March), `Aqrah experiences southwesterly winds from the Persian Gulf. These winds are generally weaker and more variable in direction. They often bring moisture and occasional precipitation to the region. The transition between the summer and winter wind patterns occurs during the spring and autumn seasons, with periods of moderate winds and variable directions.

Impact of Wind on `Aqrah, Iraq

The strong Shamal winds in the summer months have a significant impact on `Aqrah and its surroundings. The hot and dry air can cause discomfort and heat stress, especially for those working outdoors. The winds can also raise dust and sand, leading to poor air quality and respiratory issues. Furthermore, the Shamal winds can have a negative impact on agricultural activities by drying out crops and reducing soil moisture.

On the other hand, the southwesterly winds in the winter months bring much-needed moisture to the region. They can replenish water supplies, support vegetation, and reduce the risk of drought. However, these winds can also lead to occasional flooding and damage to infrastructure if they become too strong. Overall, the wind patterns in `Aqrah, Iraq play a crucial role in shaping the local climate and influencing the daily lives and livelihoods of its inhabitants.

Spring (March-May):

Spring in ‘Aqrah offers a delightful blend of pleasant temperatures and vibrant landscapes. The average temperatures range from 10°C to 22°C, providing ideal conditions for outdoor activities. The hills and countryside come alive with a kaleidoscope of colors as wildflowers bloom profusely, transforming the region into a breathtaking tapestry. This season is perfect for hiking, picnicking, and exploring the many historical and cultural attractions in and around ‘Aqrah.

Autumn (September-November):

Autumn in ‘Aqrah brings a milder climate with average temperatures ranging from 7°C to 20°C. As the summer heat subsides, the air becomes crisp and clear, creating stunning vistas. The landscape takes on a golden hue as the leaves of deciduous trees turn brilliant shades of yellow, orange, and red. This season offers a romantic and picturesque backdrop for leisurely strolls, scenic drives, and visits to historical sites. Additionally, autumn is an excellent time for birdwatching, as migratory birds flock to the area during their seasonal journeys.

Solar Irradiance and Potential in `Aqrah, Iraq

Aqrah, Iraq, enjoys a favorable solar climate with abundant sunshine throughout the year. The average daily solar irradiance inAqrah is estimated to be around 5.5 kWh/m2, which is higher than the global average. This ample solar resource makes `Aqrah an attractive location for solar energy development.

Existing and Planned Solar Projects

The solar energy sector in Aqrah is still in its early stages of development. However, there are several notable projects underway or planned. In 2019, the Iraqi government announced plans to construct a 100 MW solar power plant inAqrah. This project, if completed, would significantly increase the city’s solar energy production capacity. Additionally, several private companies are exploring the potential for smaller-scale solar projects in the area.

General Topography

Aqrah is situated in the verdant Nineveh Governorate in northern Iraq. The city lies amidst a vast plain known as the Nineveh Plain, which stretches for hundreds of kilometers and is characterized by gently rolling hills and fertile soil. The plain is flanked by the Zagros Mountains to the east and the Sinjar Mountains to the west. To the south, the flat terrain gradually transitions into the Mesopotamian lowlands, renowned for its ancient civilizations.

Landforms and Hydrology

The topography of Aqrah is marked by several distinctive landforms. The city is nestled near the Balghe Stream, which flows through the Nineveh Plain towards the Tigris River. The surrounding hills provide scenic vistas and offer opportunities for hiking and exploration. Additionally, scattered throughout the countryside are numerous ancient mounds, known as tells, which are remnants of former settlements dating back to the Neolithic era. These tells provide valuable insights into the region’s rich history and cultural heritage.

Erbil International Airport (EBL):

Erbil International Airport (EBL) is the closest airport to Aqrah, Iraq. It is located approximately 40 kilometers west of the city and offers both domestic and international flights. The airport has a modern terminal with a variety of amenities, including duty-free shops, restaurants, and currency exchange services. There are several airlines that operate flights from EBL, including Iraqi Airways, Flydubai, and Qatar Airways. The flight time from Baghdad to EBL is approximately 1 hour and 15 minutes.

Sulaimaniyah International Airport (ISU):

Sulaimaniyah International Airport (ISU) is another option for travelers flying to Aqrah. It is located approximately 80 kilometers southeast of the city and offers both domestic and international flights. The airport is smaller than EBL but still has a number of amenities, including a duty-free shop, restaurant, and currency exchange service. There are several airlines that operate flights from ISU, including Iraqi Airways, Flydubai, and Turkish Airlines. The flight time from Baghdad to ISU is approximately 1 hour and 30 minutes.

History

Aqrah, a historic city nestled in northern Iraq’s Nineveh Governorate, boasts a rich tapestry woven with ancient civilizations. Archaeological excavations have unearthed remnants of Akkadian and Assyrian settlements, attesting to the city’s strategic importance as a trade and cultural crossroads. During the Hellenistic period, Aqrah fell under the influence of the Seleucids, leaving behind architectural legacies such as the Temple of Hercules. Later, the city flourished under the Abbasid caliphate, becoming a prominent center of learning and commerce.

Culture and Tourism

Modern-day Aqrah is a vibrant and diverse city, home to a predominantly Kurdish population. The city’s cultural heritage is reflected in its traditional crafts, music, and dance, which are often showcased at local festivals. Aqrah boasts several historical landmarks, including the Citadel of Arbil, a UNESCO World Heritage site that played a crucial role in the defense of the region throughout history. The city is also renowned for its picturesque landscapes, with the scenic Hamrin Mountains providing a breathtaking backdrop. Visitors to Aqrah can explore its bustling markets, visit its historic sites, and immerse themselves in the local culture.