Amritsar Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – India

Summer (April-June)

Amritsar experiences extreme heat during the summer months, with temperatures soaring to an average of 40.6°C (105°F) in May. The weather is characterized by long, dry spells, with little to no rainfall. The searing temperatures can be uncomfortable, especially during the day, making it essential to stay hydrated and take precautions against heatstroke. However, evenings bring some relief, with temperatures dropping to an average of 23.2°C (73.8°F).

Winter (November-February)

In contrast to the scorching summers, Amritsar’s winters are relatively mild. The average temperature in January, the coldest month, hovers around 4.6°C (40.3°F). While the days are generally pleasant, with temperatures reaching an average of 16.2°C (61.2°F), the nights can be chilly, dropping to an average of 1.1°C (34°F). Occasional fog and drizzle can occur during this season, which adds to the charm of the city.

Seasonal Variations in Temperature

Amritsar, located in the northwestern Indian state of Punjab, experiences significant seasonal variations in temperature. The city’s climate is characterized by hot summers and cold winters. Summer temperatures, typically ranging from April to June, can reach an average high of 40°C (104°F). During this time, the city experiences intense heat and humidity, making outdoor activities uncomfortable. In contrast, winter temperatures, which occur from November to February, drop significantly, with average lows reaching around 4°C (39°F). Amritsar experiences occasional fog during the winter months, which can lead to visibility issues.

Annual Temperature Trends

Overall, Amritsar’s annual temperature trend shows a gradual increase in average temperatures over the years. This is primarily attributed to the effects of climate change and urbanization. The city’s increasing population and industrial activities have contributed to the release of greenhouse gases, resulting in a rise in atmospheric temperatures. Moreover, urban heat island effects, where cities tend to be warmer than surrounding rural areas due to the accumulation of heat from buildings and paved surfaces, further contribute to the higher temperatures experienced in Amritsar. As a result, the city has experienced more extreme heat events in recent years, posing challenges to the well-being of its residents and the environment.

Cloud Cover in Amritsar, India

Amritsar, a city in northwest India, experiences varying cloud cover throughout the year, influenced by the region’s climate and geographical location. During the summer months (April to June), high temperatures and strong winds result in partially cloudy skies, with occasional thunderstorms and afternoon showers. The cloud cover usually consists of scattered cumulus or cumulonimbus clouds, providing some respite from the intense sunlight.

Seasonal Cloud Patterns

During the monsoon season (July to September), Amritsar witnesses significant cloud cover and rainfall. Heavy showers and thunderstorms are common, brought by clouds such as cumulonimbus and nimbostratus. The city receives abundant precipitation during this period, which is essential for agriculture and the local ecosystem. In the post-monsoon months (October to November), cloud cover gradually decreases as temperatures cool, leaving behind clear and sunny skies. During the winter months (December to March), Amritsar often encounters high pressure systems that bring stable and dry weather conditions. As a result, cloud cover is minimal, and the skies remain cloudless for extended periods, providing ample sunshine and pleasant temperatures.

Distribution and Characteristics

Amritsar, located in the northwestern region of India, experiences a distinct precipitation pattern influenced by its proximity to the Himalayas. The city receives annual rainfall of around 700 mm, primarily concentrated during the monsoon season from July to September. During this time, heavy showers and thunderstorms are common, contributing to significant precipitation. The remaining months are relatively dry, with occasional rainfall or drizzle during the winter.

Seasonal Variations and Impact

The monsoon season brings abundant precipitation to Amritsar, crucial for replenishing water sources and supporting agricultural activities. However, the intensity and timing of rainfall can vary from year to year, sometimes leading to flooding or waterlogging in low-lying areas. During the dry season, the city experiences minimal precipitation, with occasional dust storms or fog. The winter months are generally characterized by cold and dry weather, with temperatures dropping below 10 degrees Celsius. The lack of precipitation during this time can result in water scarcity and dry conditions.

Annual Rainfall Trends

Amritsar, located in the northwestern Indian state of Punjab, experiences a semi-arid climate with distinct seasonal variations in rainfall. The city receives an average annual rainfall of approximately 740 mm (29 inches), distributed unevenly throughout the year. The majority of the rainfall occurs during the monsoon season, which typically spans from July to September. During these months, heavy downpours and thunderstorms are common, accounting for around 70% of the annual rainfall.

Seasonal Variations

The winter months (December to February) are relatively dry, with only negligible rainfall. As spring approaches (March to May), temperatures rise and occasional thunderstorms bring limited precipitation. June marks the onset of the pre-monsoon season, characterized by sporadic showers and increasing humidity. The monsoon season arrives in full force during July, bringing with it intense rainfall, often accompanied by thunder and lightning. August is typically the wettest month, with an average rainfall of around 240 mm (9 inches). Rainfall gradually tapers off in September and October as the monsoon withdraws. November marks the beginning of the post-monsoon season, which is generally dry and mild.

Snowfall in Amritsar: A Rare and Spectacular Event

Amritsar, the holy city in northern India, witnessed an extraordinary snowfall on January 17, 2023. This rare meteorological phenomenon transformed the city into a mesmerizing winter wonderland, delighting residents and visitors alike. The streets were adorned with a white blanket of snow, creating a picturesque landscape. The Golden Temple, the revered Sikh shrine, was enveloped in a pristine coat of white, making it look even more ethereal.

The snowfall was a consequence of a Western Disturbance, a weather system that originates in the Mediterranean Sea and brings moisture-laden winds eastward towards India. The snowfall in Amritsar was particularly heavy and lasted for several hours, resulting in snow depths of up to six inches in some areas. The city’s iconic landmarks, including the Jallianwala Bagh Memorial and the Wagah Border, were transformed into snow-covered spectacles, attracting numerous visitors who marveled at the unexpected snowfall.

Climate and Weather Conditions

Amritsar, located in the northwestern Indian state of Punjab, experiences subtropical monsoon climate with distinct seasons. The summer months (April-June) are sweltering, with average high temperatures soaring to 40°C (104°F). The sun shines relentlessly during this time, casting a golden glow over the city. In July and August, the monsoon season brings heavy rainfall, providing much-needed relief from the heat.

Sun Exposure and Health Risks

The intense sunlight in Amritsar poses potential health risks for residents. Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can lead to skin damage, including sunburn, premature aging, and even skin cancer. It is essential for individuals to take precautions when spending time outdoors, such as wearing hats, sunglasses, and sunscreen with a high SPF. Additionally, staying hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids is crucial during the summer months to prevent heat-related illnesses.

Phases of the Moon

The Moon’s appearance in Amritsar, India, varies throughout the lunar month. The full moon occurs when the side of the Moon facing Earth is fully illuminated by the Sun. During this phase, the Moon appears as a bright, circular disk in the night sky. As the Moon orbits around Earth, the illuminated portion gradually decreases, resulting in the waning gibbous, third quarter, waning crescent, and new moon phases. The new moon occurs when the side of the Moon facing Earth is not illuminated by the Sun, making it invisible to the naked eye.

Cultural Significance

The Moon holds cultural and religious significance in Amritsar, India. The city is home to the Golden Temple, the holiest shrine of the Sikh religion. The reflection of the Moon in the Amrit Sarovar, the holy tank surrounding the Golden Temple, is considered auspicious. During the full moon, thousands of pilgrims gather to perform religious rituals and bathe in the sacred waters. The full moon also marks the beginning of festivals such as Lohri and Diwali. For Sikhs and other inhabitants of Amritsar, the Moon symbolizes purity, renewal, and divine guidance.

Seasonal Humidity Patterns

Amritsar, a city located in the northwest of India, experiences significant variations in humidity throughout the year due to the monsoon seasons. During the summer months (April to June), the humidity levels rise considerably as the southwest monsoon approaches. The average relative humidity during this period hovers around 65%, with occasional spikes exceeding 80%. The high humidity often contributes to a feeling of discomfort and mugginess, especially during the day.

In contrast, the winter months (December to February) bring significantly lower humidity levels due to the absence of monsoon rains. The average relative humidity during this time typically ranges from 40% to 50%. The dry air and low humidity levels can lead to discomfort and dryness of the skin and respiratory system. However, the cooler temperatures and drier air make it a more pleasant time for outdoor activities.

Wind Patterns and Seasons

Amritsar, located in northwestern India, experiences seasonal variations in wind patterns. During the summer (April-June), the predominant wind direction is from the southwest, bringing in hot and humid air from the Arabian Sea. This period is characterized by the arrival of the southwest monsoon, which brings heavy rainfall to the region. In contrast, during the winter (October-March), the wind direction shifts to the northeast, bringing in cold and dry air from Central Asia. This season is characterized by clear skies and low humidity.

Wind Speed and Intensity

The average wind speed in Amritsar varies throughout the year. During the summer months, the winds are generally strong, with speeds ranging from 15 to 25 kilometers per hour (9 to 16 miles per hour). The strongest winds occur during the monsoon season, when gusts can reach up to 50 kilometers per hour (31 miles per hour). In the winter months, the wind speeds are typically weaker, ranging from 10 to 15 kilometers per hour (6 to 9 miles per hour). However, occasional cold fronts can bring in strong winds that can exceed 25 kilometers per hour (16 miles per hour).

October to March: Ideal Time for Sightseeing and Historical Exploration

The months from October to March offer ideal conditions for exploring the iconic landmarks of Amritsar. With pleasant temperatures ranging from 5°C to 30°C, the crisp autumn air and warm winter afternoons create a comfortable ambiance for visiting the Golden Temple, Jallianwala Bagh, and other historical attractions. The absence of excessive heat and humidity allows for extended hours of sightseeing and exploration without experiencing discomfort.

April to September: Embrace the Summer Vibes with Festivals and Celebrations

During the summer months of April to September, Amritsar transforms into a vibrant hub of festivals and cultural events. The city celebrates Baisakhi, a harvest festival, in April with colorful parades and traditional performances. In August, the Independence Day celebrations bring a sense of national pride and patriotism. The summer season also offers an opportunity to witness the breathtaking sight of the Golden Temple bathed in the soft glow of twilight during the evening palki ceremony.

Potential of Solar Energy in Amritsar

Amritsar, a city in the northwestern Indian state of Punjab, boasts significant potential for solar energy utilization due to its abundant sunshine throughout the year. The city enjoys an average of 300 sunny days annually, with an average daily solar radiation of around 5.5 kWh/m2. This favorable solar resource makes Amritsar an ideal location for the development of solar power projects.

Initiatives and Progress in Solar Development

Recognizing the potential of solar energy, the Amritsar Municipal Corporation has initiated several programs to promote its adoption. These include the installation of rooftop solar systems on government buildings and the distribution of solar water heaters to low-income households. Additionally, the city has designated specific areas as solar zones, providing incentives and streamlined approvals for solar project development. These efforts have resulted in a gradual increase in solar energy generation capacity in Amritsar, with several large-scale solar parks and numerous rooftop installations being commissioned.

Amritsar’s Physical Features

Amritsar, a vibrant city located in the northwestern Indian state of Punjab, stands upon a fertile plain with an average elevation of 232 meters (761 feet) above sea level. The terrain is generally flat and undulating, with a gentle slope towards the southwest. Scattered throughout the surrounding countryside are numerous streams and canals that irrigate the agricultural lands and support the local economy.

The Ravi River and its Influence

One of the most notable topographical features of Amritsar is the presence of the Ravi River, which originates from the Himalayas and flows through the city. The river has played a significant role in shaping the city’s physical landscape, carving a deep gorge along its course. It provides a natural boundary and has contributed to the formation of terraces and cliffs along its banks. The Ravi River is also an important source of water for drinking, irrigation, and transportation, and its presence has influenced the development of agriculture and industry in the region.

Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport

Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport (ATQ) is the main airport serving Amritsar, Punjab, India. It is located about 11 kilometers northwest of the city center. The airport has one terminal which handles both domestic and international flights. ATQ is well-connected to major cities in India, as well as to several international destinations. The airport is named after the fourth Sikh Guru, Guru Ram Dass Ji, who founded the city of Amritsar.

ATQ is a modern airport with a wide range of facilities and services. The airport has a duty-free shop, a food court, and several restaurants. There are also several ATMs and currency exchange counters. The airport is well-connected to the city center by public transport, including buses and taxis.

Religious Significance

Amritsar is a revered holy city for Sikhs worldwide, boasting the majestic Golden Temple. This gilded shrine, located in the heart of the city, is the holiest site in Sikhism. The temple is renowned for its intricate design, serene atmosphere, and the sacred pool that surrounds it. Pilgrims from all corners of the globe flock to Amritsar to immerse themselves in the temple’s spiritual aura and bathe in the hallowed waters of the pool, believed to possess healing properties.

Historical Significance

Amritsar holds immense historical significance as a witness to pivotal events in Indian history. In the 19th century, it served as the capital of the formidable Sikh Empire under Maharaja Ranjit Singh, who laid the foundations of a prosperous and influential kingdom. The city also played a crucial role in the Indian independence movement. In 1919, the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, a tragic incident where British troops opened fire on unarmed civilians, took place in Amritsar. This event ignited widespread outrage and accelerated the struggle for independence.