Ambala Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – India

Summer (April-June)

Ambala experiences sweltering summers, with blazing heat and scorching sun. Temperatures routinely exceed 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit), with peak temperatures often reaching 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit). The scorching sun and high levels of humidity make outdoor activities highly uncomfortable, and heatstroke is a significant concern. While there is little rainfall during this season, the occasional thunderstorm can bring momentary relief from the oppressive heat.

Monsoon (July-September)

During the monsoon season, Ambala transforms into a verdant oasis. The long-awaited rains bring much-needed relief from the summer heat, transforming the parched landscape into a vibrant green. While the rains provide a respite from the scorching temperatures, they also bring along flash floods and waterlogging, often disrupting daily life. The monsoon season is characterized by heavy rainfall, humidity, and occasional thunderstorms. Temperatures remain moderate, typically ranging between 25-35 degrees Celsius (77-95 degrees Fahrenheit).

Summer Temperatures

During the summer months, from April to June, Ambala experiences scorching heat with average temperatures ranging between 35°C (95°F) and 42°C (108°F). The hottest month is June, where temperatures can soar up to 45°C (113°F) or higher. During this time, the city witnesses negligible rainfall, leading to a dry and arid environment. The intense heat often results in heatwave conditions, prompting warnings and advisories for residents to take precautions against heat-related illnesses.

Winter Temperatures

In contrast to the summer heat, Ambala experiences relatively cool and dry winters from November to February. The average temperatures during this period hover between 10°C (50°F) and 18°C (64°F). January is the coldest month, with temperatures occasionally dipping below 5°C (41°F). Ambala receives occasional rainfall during the winter months, providing respite from the dry summer conditions. Fog is also common during this season, reducing visibility and sometimes leading to traffic disruptions and flight delays.

Types of Clouds

Ambala, a city in the northwestern Indian state of Haryana, experiences a variety of cloud formations throughout the year. During the hot and humid months of summer, thick, cotton-like cumulonimbus clouds are common, often bringing thunderstorms and heavy rainfall. These clouds are characterized by their anvil-shaped tops and towering heights.

In the winter, cirrus clouds are frequently seen. These thin, wispy clouds are composed of ice crystals and float at high altitudes. Cirrus clouds are often associated with fair weather and can indicate an approaching change in the weather conditions, such as rain or snow.

Impact on Weather

Clouds significantly influence the weather conditions in Ambala. During the monsoon season, which typically lasts from June to September, the city receives heavy rainfall. This rainfall is primarily attributed to the presence of monsoon clouds, which carry moisture from the Arabian Sea and bring widespread precipitation.

In addition to rainfall, clouds can also affect temperature and humidity levels. Cumulus clouds, for example, often provide shade and can lower the temperature on hot days. Cirrus clouds, on the other hand, allow sunlight to pass through, resulting in less shading and higher temperatures.

Seasonal Distribution of Precipitation

Ambala, located in northern India, experiences a distinct seasonal pattern of precipitation. The monsoon period, spanning from July to September, contributes the majority of the city’s annual rainfall, exceeding 600 millimeters. During these months, heavy showers and thunderstorms are common, often leading to flooding. The monsoon season is crucial for agriculture, as the abundant rainfall supports crop growth and water availability.

In contrast, the winter months from December to February are relatively dry, with precipitation averaging around 50 millimeters. The lack of rainfall during this period is influenced by the movement of the subtropical high-pressure system, which prevents moisture-carrying air from reaching the region. The spring and autumn months experience moderate rainfall, with amounts typically ranging between 100 and 200 millimeters.

Annual Rainfall Patterns

Ambala, situated in the northern Indian state of Haryana, experiences a humid subtropical climate with distinct seasons. The annual rainfall in Ambala averages around 800 millimeters (31.5 inches), with most of the precipitation occurring during the monsoon season from July to September. During this period, the city receives heavy downpours, with daily rainfall often exceeding 50 millimeters (2 inches). The monsoon is crucial for agriculture in the region, as it provides the necessary moisture for crop growth.

Seasonal Precipitation

In addition to the monsoon season, Ambala also experiences significant rainfall during the winter months from December to March. This precipitation is primarily associated with the Western Disturbances, which are low-pressure systems originating from the Mediterranean Sea. These disturbances bring moist air and lead to widespread rainfall across northern India, including Ambala. Although the intensity of winter rainfall is lower than during the monsoon, it remains important for replenishing groundwater resources and sustaining agriculture during the dry season.

Historical Snowfall Event

On January 24, 2023, the city of Ambala, India experienced a rare and unexpected snowfall, marking the first snowfall in the region in over a century. The snow, which began as light flurries, intensified throughout the day, accumulating to a depth of several inches. The snowfall covered the city in a blanket of white, creating a stunning winter wonderland. Residents and visitors alike took to the streets to capture the spectacle, sharing images and videos of the snow-covered city.

Impact and Reactions

The snowfall brought with it various challenges and disruptions. Schools and businesses were closed, and transportation was hampered by the slippery conditions. However, the snowfall also brought a sense of joy and excitement to the city. Residents celebrated by making snowmen and engaging in snowball fights. The snowfall also provided a much-needed respite from the cold and dry winters that Ambala is known for. The snow melted within a few days, leaving behind a lasting memory of a truly extraordinary weather event.

Sunrise and Sunset Times

Ambala experiences variations in sunrise and sunset times throughout the year due to the planet’s tilt and Earth’s orbital path around the sun. During the summer months (April-June), the sun rises earlier, around 5:30 AM, and sets later, close to 7:30 PM. In winter (December-February), sunrise and sunset occur much later and earlier, respectively, with the sun rising at approximately 7:00 AM and setting around 5:30 PM.

Sun’s Position in the Sky

The sun’s position in the sky also varies depending on the time of year. In summer, the sun is higher in the sky, reaching its highest point (zenith) around solar noon, which occurs between 12:00 PM and 1:00 PM. During winter, the sun is lower in the sky, with its highest point occurring around 1:00 PM. The angle of the sun’s rays also affects the amount of sunlight and warmth received, with more direct sunlight during summer and less during winter, resulting in seasonal temperature variations.

Moon’s Appearance in Ambala, India

In Ambala, India, the moon’s appearance varies depending on the time of year and weather conditions. During the full moon phase, the moon is typically bright and visible throughout the night. However, during the new moon phase, it is not visible at all. The moon’s position also varies throughout the night, rising in the east and setting in the west.

Effect of Weather on Moon Visibility

Weather conditions can significantly impact the visibility of the moon in Ambala. During clear, cloudless nights, the moon is generally visible. However, during cloudy or rainy nights, it may be obscured or hidden from view. Additionally, air pollution and smog can also affect the visibility of the moon, making it appear dimmer or obscured.

Seasonal Variations in Humidity

Ambala, situated in northern India, experiences significant seasonal variations in humidity levels. During the monsoon season (June-September), humidity levels soar to their peak, reaching an average of around 80-90%. The city experiences heavy rainfall during this period, which saturates the air with moisture. In the post-monsoon and winter months (October-February), humidity gradually declines, averaging between 60-70%. This period is characterized by dry and crisp weather conditions.

Impact on Health and Well-being

The high humidity levels during the monsoon season can have various impacts on the health and well-being of Ambala’s residents. Excessive humidity can lead to discomfort, fatigue, and increased sweating, making it challenging to engage in physical activities or work outdoors. It can also exacerbate respiratory issues, such as asthma and allergies, as the humid air carries more allergens. In contrast, the lower humidity levels during the winter months can cause skin and respiratory dryness, requiring individuals to take measures to maintain hydration.

Wind Patterns in Ambala, India

Ambala, located in the northern Indian state of Haryana, experiences distinct seasonal wind patterns. During the winter months (October to March), the predominant wind direction is northwesterly, bringing cold and dry air from the Himalayas. These winds are part of the larger-scale Westerly Jet Stream, which flows from west to east across the mid-latitude regions of the Northern Hemisphere. They contribute to the region’s chilly winter temperatures and occasionally lead to fog and mist.

In the summer months (April to September), the wind direction shifts to southwesterly, bringing warm and humid air from the Arabian Sea. These winds are associated with the Southwesterly Monsoon, a seasonal weather phenomenon that brings abundant rainfall to India. The monsoon winds typically reach Ambala in mid-June and continue until late September, providing much-needed relief from the summer heat. During this period, winds can be strong and gusty, leading to thunderstorms and occasional hailstorms.

Summer Season (April-June)

Ambala experiences a scorching summer season with temperatures soaring well above 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit). The scorching heat can be oppressive, making it uncomfortable for outdoor activities. However, this season is ideal for visiting the ancient temples and historical sites of Ambala, as the heat encourages less crowded conditions at these attractions.

Monsoon Season (July-September)

Ambala receives a substantial amount of rainfall during the monsoon season, leading to lush greenery and breathtaking scenery. The monsoon provides a respite from the oppressive heat of the summer, but it can also result in occasional flooding and power outages. Visitors should anticipate wet weather and pack accordingly. However, the monsoon season offers a unique charm, as the natural beauty of the region is at its peak.

Status and Trends

Ambala, a city in the northern Indian state of Haryana, has witnessed significant growth in solar energy adoption in recent years. The city has a favorable climate with ample sunlight, making it suitable for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. The Haryana government has been actively promoting solar energy through various initiatives, including subsidies and net metering programs. As a result, many households, businesses, and government buildings in Ambala have installed solar PV systems, contributing to a growing installed solar capacity.

Benefits and Challenges

Solar energy offers numerous benefits to Ambala. It reduces reliance on fossil fuels, mitigating air pollution and contributing to environmental sustainability. Additionally, solar power generation can lead to significant cost savings on electricity bills. However, the city also faces challenges in promoting solar energy. These include high upfront investment costs for installing solar PV systems, particularly for low-income households. Furthermore, the intermittent nature of solar power requires grid integration and storage solutions to ensure reliable electricity supply.

General Topography

Ambala, a city in the northern Indian state of Haryana, is situated in the fertile Indo-Gangetic Plain. The city rests on a relatively flat terrain, with an average elevation of around 265 meters above sea level. Ambala experiences a tropical climate, characterized by hot summers and cold winters. The region is prone to occasional monsoon rains, which bring significant precipitation during the summer months.

Ghaggar River Basin

Ambala lies within the catchment area of the Ghaggar River, a seasonal river that originates in the Shivalik Hills of Himachal Pradesh. The Ghaggar River flows through the city, dividing it into two parts. The city is situated on the left bank of the river, which serves as a natural boundary separating Ambala from the neighboring state of Punjab. The river’s course is marked by alluvial plains and fertile agricultural lands, contributing to the city’s economic prosperity.

Chandigarh Airport (IXC)

Chandigarh Airport (IXC), also known as Shaheed Bhagat Singh International Airport, serves the city of Chandigarh and the neighboring states of Punjab and Haryana. It is located approximately 50 kilometers (31 miles) from Ambala. The airport offers direct flights to major cities in India, including Delhi, Mumbai, and Bangalore, as well as international destinations such as Dubai and Sharjah. It is the closest airport to Ambala with regular commercial flights. The journey from the airport to Ambala takes approximately 1-1.5 hours by road.

Other Nearby Airports

In addition to Chandigarh Airport, there are several other airports within a reasonable driving distance of Ambala. These include:

• Patiala Airport (IXP): Located approximately 70 kilometers (43 miles) from Ambala, Patiala Airport serves the city of Patiala and the surrounding region. It offers limited scheduled flights, primarily to Delhi.
• Adampur Airport (AIP): Located approximately 80 kilometers (50 miles) from Ambala, Adampur Airport is a military airbase that also handles some civilian flights. It offers limited commercial flights to Delhi and Chandigarh.
• Ludhiana Airport (LUH): Located approximately 90 kilometers (56 miles) from Ambala, Ludhiana Airport serves the industrial city of Ludhiana. It offers direct flights to Delhi and Mumbai, as well as some international flights to Dubai and Sharjah.

Historical Significance

Ambala holds a significant place in Indian history. During the British Raj, it served as a cantonment and played a pivotal role in the Indian Independence Movement. The city is home to several historical landmarks, including the Ambala Fort, built by the Sikh general Ranjit Singh in the 18th century. The fort was later captured by the British and became an important military base. Ambala was also the site of the Ambala conspiracy case in 1915, when Indian revolutionaries plotted to overthrow British rule. The city’s rich historical legacy continues to attract visitors interested in India’s past.

Cultural and Religious Significance

Ambala is renowned for its cultural and religious diversity. The city is home to a blend of Hindu, Sikh, and Muslim communities, each contributing to its vibrant cultural heritage. Ambala is famous for its traditional crafts, such as pottery, weaving, and embroidery. The city is also known for its religious festivals, including Diwali, Holi, and Dussehra, which are celebrated with great fervor and enthusiasm. Ambala is home to several prominent religious sites, including the Shri Krishna Mandir, the Hanuman Mandir, and the Ambala Gurudwara, which attract pilgrims and devotees from all over the region.