Al Maraghah Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Egypt

Summer

During the summer months from June to September, Al Maraghah experiences extremely hot and dry weather. Temperatures can soar to an average maximum of 38°C (100°F), with little respite at night. The heat is often accompanied by strong, dry winds that can make the air feel even hotter. Precipitation is virtually non-existent during this time, with an average rainfall of less than 1 mm per month. As a result, humidity levels are typically low.

Winter

In contrast to the summer, winters in Al Maraghah are mild and moderately dry. Temperatures average around 15°C (59°F) during the day, dipping to a minimum of 5°C (41°F) at night. Occasional showers are possible, but precipitation is still relatively low, with an average of around 20 mm per month. The skies are often clear, and sunshine is plentiful. Although the nights can be cold, temperatures rarely drop below freezing.

Temperature Trends

Al Maraghah, Egypt, experiences a hot desert climate with minimal rainfall throughout the year. Average temperatures vary significantly throughout the seasons, with scorching summers and mild winters. The hottest months typically fall between June and August, with average temperatures reaching up to 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit). During these months, the sun’s intense heat can make it uncomfortable to venture outdoors for extended periods.

In contrast, winter temperatures in Al Maraghah are relatively mild, with average temperatures ranging from 10 to 15 degrees Celsius (50 to 59 degrees Fahrenheit). The coldest months typically occur between December and February, and occasional rainfall may occur during this time. Despite the lower temperatures, the climate remains dry, with humidity levels generally staying low. The lack of precipitation and dry air can make the winter months an ideal time to visit the area and explore its cultural and historical attractions without the scorching summer heat.

Formation and Types

Clouds in Al Maraghah, Egypt, are primarily influenced by the country’s arid climate. The hot and dry conditions result in low humidity levels, which typically prevent the formation of thick or persistent cloud cover. However, occasional weather systems or changes in atmospheric conditions can lead to the development of clouds. During the cooler winter months, stratocumulus clouds are common, appearing as gray and puffy layers at low altitudes. In the summer, cumulus clouds, characterized by their distinct cauliflower shape, may form due to rising air masses during the afternoon heat.

Effects on Weather and Climate

Clouds in Al Maraghah play a crucial role in regulating the local weather and climate. They provide shade, reducing surface temperatures during the hot summer days. The formation of clouds also indicates possible changes in weather patterns, such as the approach of a cold front or precipitation. Additionally, clouds contribute to the water cycle by reflecting sunlight back into space, reducing the amount of solar radiation reaching the ground. They also trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to warmer nights in the region.

Annual Precipitation Pattern

Al Maraghah, Egypt experiences an arid climate, characterized by extremely low annual precipitation. On average, the city receives less than 20 millimeters (0.8 inches) of rainfall per year. The vast majority of this precipitation occurs during the winter months, from November to March. During these months, occasional rainstorms can bring brief periods of heavy rain. However, these storms are typically short-lived, and the city remains dry for much of the year.

Causes of Low Precipitation

The low precipitation in Al Maraghah is primarily due to its geographic location. The city is situated in the rain shadow of the Red Sea hills. These hills block moisture-carrying winds from the sea, preventing them from reaching the city. Additionally, Al Maraghah is located in the northernmost part of the Sahara Desert, which is characterized by extremely dry conditions. The lack of nearby water bodies and the prevailing dry winds further contribute to the city’s arid climate.

Annual Rainfall

Al Maraghah, Egypt experiences an arid climate with extremely low annual rainfall. The average annual precipitation is a mere 20 mm (0.8 inches), which is significantly below the global average of 860 mm (34 inches). The rainfall is highly erratic and unpredictable, with some years receiving no rainfall at all. The driest months are May through September, during which almost no precipitation occurs.

Seasonal Distribution

The limited rainfall in Al Maraghah is primarily concentrated during the winter months from November to April. However, even during this period, the rainfall is sporadic and often occurs in isolated storms. The most rainfall typically occurs in January, with an average of 5 mm (0.2 inches). The summer months are extremely dry, with virtually no rainfall. The arid conditions in Al Maraghah are primarily due to its location in the rain shadow of the Red Sea mountains, which blocks most of the moisture-carrying clouds from the Mediterranean Sea. As a result, Al Maraghah experiences a severe water shortage, which poses significant challenges for agriculture and human habitation in the region.

Historical Snowfall in Al Maraghah, Egypt

Al Maraghah, a city in Upper Egypt, experienced an unprecedented and historic snowfall event on January 8th, 2023. This rare occurrence sent shockwaves through the region, as snowfall in Egypt is an extremely uncommon phenomenon. The snow blanketed the city, covering rooftops, streets, and trees in a thick layer of white. Residents and visitors alike were astounded by the surreal sight, capturing countless photographs and videos to document the extraordinary moment.

The snowfall in Al Maraghah was attributed to a cold front that swept across the Mediterranean Sea, bringing freezing temperatures and precipitation to the region. The city recorded temperatures as low as 2 degrees Celsius, coupled with strong winds that further amplified the sensation of cold. The snow continued to fall for several hours, accumulating to depths of up to 10 centimeters in some areas. The heavy snowfall caused significant disruptions to daily life, with schools and businesses closing down and transportation being impacted.

Climate of Al Maraghah, Egypt

Al Maraghah, Egypt, experiences a hot desert climate, characterized by extremely hot and dry conditions throughout the year. The city receives minimal rainfall, with an annual average of less than 10 millimeters. Temperatures are consistently high, with average highs exceeding 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit) for most of the year. Extreme heat waves are common, with temperatures often reaching 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit) or higher. Humidity levels are generally low, making the heat feel even more intense.

The summer months, from May to September, are particularly sweltering, with average temperatures in the upper 30s (Celsius) and little relief at night. The sun shines brightly for an average of 10 hours per day during this period, and the lack of rainfall exacerbates the aridity of the region. In contrast, winter temperatures are milder, with average highs in the mid-20s (Celsius) and lows dropping to around 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit). However, even during winter, the days are typically sunny and dry, with only a slight chance of occasional rain.

Observation and Recording

The Moon’s appearance from Al Maraghah, Egypt, has been meticulously documented by astronomers for centuries. During the early Islamic Golden Age, astronomer Abu al-Wafa al-Buzjani established an astronomical observatory in Al Maraghah in the 10th century AD. This observatory became a hub for lunar observations, with scholars using quadrants and other instruments to record the Moon’s position and phase. These observations provided valuable insights into the Moon’s orbit, variations in its diameter, and the timing of lunar eclipses. In the medieval period, Al Maraghah’s astronomers also made significant contributions to the understanding of the Moon’s libration, the phenomenon where different parts of the Moon’s surface are visible from Earth over time.

Influence on Culture and Beliefs

The Moon has held cultural and religious significance in Al Maraghah and beyond. In ancient Egypt, the Moon was associated with the god Khonsu, who was worshipped as the protector of travelers and the bringer of healing. During the Islamic period, the Moon’s phases and lunar cycles were used to determine the start of religious festivals and to guide everyday life. The observation of the Moon’s crescent after sunset signified the beginning of a new month in the Islamic calendar. Furthermore, the Moon’s cycle has inspired art, poetry, and folklore in the region, with many stories and legends being woven around its appearance and perceived influence on human affairs.

Seasonal Humidity Variations

Al Maraghah experiences distinct seasonal humidity variations due to its location in Egypt’s northern region. During the summer months (May to October), humidity levels are typically high, ranging from 60% to 90%. The combination of warm temperatures and high humidity can create a sweltering and uncomfortable climate. In contrast, winter months (November to April) bring cooler temperatures and a significant decrease in humidity. Humidity levels drop to an average of 40% to 60%, making the weather more pleasant and less oppressive.

Effects of Humidity on Daily Life and Health

The high humidity during summer can have a significant impact on daily life in Al Maraghah. Residents may experience discomfort, fatigue, and difficulty sleeping due to the oppressive conditions. Outdoor activities and physical exertion can be particularly challenging during this time. Additionally, high humidity levels can exacerbate respiratory issues, such as asthma and allergies. It is important for individuals to take precautions during periods of high humidity, such as staying hydrated, wearing loose and breathable clothing, and avoiding prolonged exposure to the sun.

Wind Speed and Direction

Al Maraghah, Egypt experiences relatively low wind speeds throughout the year, with an average annual wind speed of around 5.4 kilometers per hour (3.4 miles per hour). The windiest months are typically during the summer, with wind speeds averaging around 7.5 kilometers per hour (4.7 miles per hour) in July and August. During the winter, wind speeds are typically lower, averaging around 3.2 kilometers per hour (2 miles per hour) in December and January.

The prevailing wind direction in Al Maraghah is from the northwest, which is the direction from which the wind blows most frequently. This wind pattern is typical of the region, which is influenced by the prevailing northeasterly winds of the Eastern Mediterranean. During the summer, the wind direction can shift more towards the west or southwest, while during the winter it can shift more towards the east or northeast.

Best Time to Visit Al Maraghah

Al Maraghah, Egypt, is a beautiful and historic city with plenty to offer visitors. The best time to visit Al Maraghah is during the spring (March-May) or fall (September-November). During these months, the weather is mild and pleasant, with average temperatures ranging from 15-30°C. The skies are clear, and there is less humidity, making it ideal for exploring the city’s many attractions.

Summer (June-August) in Al Maraghah can be quite hot, with average temperatures reaching up to 40°C. The humidity is also high during these months, which can make it uncomfortable to be outdoors for long periods. However, summer is a great time to visit if you are interested in attending one of the city’s many festivals, such as the Al Maraghah Festival of Arts.

Winter (December-February) in Al Maraghah is mild, with average temperatures ranging from 10-20°C. However, it can be rainy during these months, so it is important to pack an umbrella or raincoat if you plan on visiting during this time. Winter is a good time to visit if you are interested in seeing the city’s many historical and cultural attractions, as there will be fewer crowds.

Challenges and Potential of Solar Energy in Al Maraghah, Egypt

Al Maraghah, a city in Egypt’s Minya Governorate, faces challenges in harnessing solar energy despite its abundant sunshine. Limited infrastructure, financial constraints, and lack of technical expertise hinder the widespread adoption of solar technologies. Additionally, the region experiences high dust levels, affecting solar panel efficiency. Despite these obstacles, Al Maraghah has significant potential for solar energy development. The city boasts a high solar irradiance, making it suitable for photovoltaic (PV) systems. Furthermore, government initiatives and incentives aim to promote solar energy use, attracting investment and increasing accessibility.

Government Initiatives and Local Projects

The Egyptian government has implemented several initiatives to foster solar energy deployment. The Feed-in Tariff scheme provides financial incentives to entities that generate renewable energy, including solar power. Additionally, the government has supported the establishment of solar power plants in Al Maraghah and surrounding areas. These initiatives have encouraged the growth of the solar sector, leading to the construction of numerous solar farms and rooftop PV systems. Local communities are also embracing solar energy, with households and businesses installing solar panels to reduce their energy costs and contribute to sustainability. By addressing challenges and capitalizing on opportunities, Al Maraghah can unlock its solar potential, promoting clean energy, economic growth, and environmental conservation.

Geography and Climate

Al Maraghah, located in the Nile Delta region of Egypt, is characterized by flat topography with minimal elevation changes. The land primarily consists of fertile agricultural plains, with the Nile River serving as the primary source of irrigation and sustenance for the local population. The climate in Al Maraghah is arid, with hot summers and mild winters. Temperatures can reach up to 40 degrees Celsius in the summer months, while winters are generally pleasant, with temperatures ranging from 10 to 20 degrees Celsius. The area receives minimal rainfall throughout the year.

Soil and Vegetation

The soil in Al Maraghah is primarily composed of alluvial deposits from the Nile River, making it highly fertile and suitable for agriculture. The region is known for its extensive rice cultivation, as well as other crops such as cotton, wheat, and vegetables. The vegetation in Al Maraghah is sparse due to the arid climate, with occasional patches of desert shrubs and acacia trees. The Nile River and its tributaries provide verdant oases along their banks, supporting a diverse array of flora and fauna.

Alexandria Borg El Arab Airport (HBE)

Alexandria Borg El Arab Airport is the nearest airport to Al Maraghah, Egypt. It is located approximately 160 kilometers (100 miles) northwest of the city and serves as a major gateway to the region. The airport has scheduled flights to various destinations in Egypt, as well as international cities in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. Airlines operating from HBE include EgyptAir, Air Cairo, AlMasria Universal Airlines, and FlyEgypt. Passengers can find a range of amenities at the airport, including duty-free shops, restaurants, and currency exchange services.

Cairo International Airport (CAI)

Cairo International Airport is also an option for travelers seeking to reach Al Maraghah. It is located approximately 250 kilometers (155 miles) from the city and is the largest airport in Egypt. CAI serves a wide range of domestic and international destinations, with flights operated by numerous airlines. The airport offers a comprehensive range of facilities and services, including duty-free shops, restaurants, lounge areas, and transportation options. While CAI is farther from Al Maraghah than HBE, it may offer more flight options and connections.

History and Cultural Significance:

Al Maraghah, nestled in the heart of Egypt, boasts a rich and storied history. It was founded in the 13th century by the Mamluk Sultan Al-Zahir Baybars, who established it as a center for astronomy and science. During the Fatimid dynasty, Al Maraghah flourished as a hub for learning, with scholars and astronomers flocking to its observatory. The Maraghah Observatory became renowned for its groundbreaking observations and advancements in astronomy, contributing significantly to the development of Islamic science.

Architectural Marvels and Heritage Sites:

Al Maraghah is home to a wealth of architectural marvels that showcase its historical significance. The Al-Zahir Baybars Madrasah, built in 1264, is a magnificent example of Mamluk architecture, featuring intricate carvings and stunning minarets. The Maraghah Mosque, constructed in the 14th century, is another architectural gem that evokes the grandeur of the Islamic era. Visitors can also explore the ruins of the Maraghah Observatory, a testament to the ingenuity and scientific achievements of the past. These historical sites offer a glimpse into Egypt’s rich cultural heritage and architectural prowess.