Akita Climate & Monthly Temperature Overview – Japan

Winter in Akita

Akita’s winters are characterized by heavy snowfall and frigid temperatures. From December to February, the city averages over 200 centimeters of snow, with temperatures often dipping below freezing. Snowstorms are common, and roads can become impassable. Despite the cold, the city offers plenty of winter activities, such as ice skating, snowshoeing, and skiing at nearby resorts.

Summer in Akita

Summer in Akita is generally mild, with average temperatures ranging from 20 to 30 degrees Celsius. The humidity can be high, especially in August, but the city’s coastal location provides a refreshing breeze. Rainfall is common, with June and July being the wettest months. Akita’s summers are known for their vibrant festivals, including the Akita Kanto Festival, which features giant lighted lanterns paraded through the streets.

Winter Temperatures

The average temperature in Akita, Japan during the winter months, which typically span from December to February, is around 1.4 degrees Celsius (34.5 degrees Fahrenheit). However, temperatures can often drop below freezing, especially in January, which is the coldest month of the year. During this time, average temperatures hover around -0.3 degrees Celsius (31.5 degrees Fahrenheit). Snowfall is common during these months, averaging around 126 centimeters (49.6 inches). January is the snowiest month, with an average snowfall of 49 centimeters (19.3 inches).

Summer Temperatures

In contrast to the frigid winter temperatures, Akita experiences warm and humid summers. From June to August, the average temperature rises to approximately 24 degrees Celsius (75.2 degrees Fahrenheit). July is typically the warmest month, with average temperatures reaching 26.1 degrees Celsius (79 degrees Fahrenheit). Humidity levels are also high during this season, often exceeding 80%. While rainfall is more frequent in the summer, thunderstorms and heavy downpours are not as common as in other parts of Japan.

Cloud Types and Formation

Akita’s skies exhibit a diverse array of cloud formations, each characterized by unique properties. Cumulus clouds, often resembling cotton balls, are commonly observed during fair weather. Cumulonimbus clouds, towering and anvil-shaped, can produce thunderstorms, lightning, and hail. Stratus clouds form a uniform gray layer, often obscuring the sun’s rays. Cirrus clouds, composed of ice crystals, are wispy and delicate, providing a faint halo around the sun or moon.

Cloud Patterns and Seasonality

The frequency and appearance of clouds in Akita follow distinct seasonal patterns. In summer, towering cumulonimbus clouds are prevalent during the afternoon, while gentle cumulus clouds grace the sky in the morning. Autumn brings clear skies and occasional cirrus clouds. Winter is characterized by persistent stratus clouds, often accompanied by snow. Spring witnesses a mix of cumulus and stratus clouds, with occasional showers. These seasonal cloud patterns reflect variations in temperature, humidity, and air pressure.

Annual Precipitation Patterns

Akita, Japan, experiences significant precipitation throughout the year, with annual totals averaging around 1,200 millimeters (47 inches). Precipitation is relatively evenly distributed throughout the months, with slight variations. August and September typically receive the highest rainfall, averaging over 150 millimeters (6 inches) per month. Conversely, January and February are the driest months, with average precipitation below 50 millimeters (2 inches) per month.

Seasonal Variations

Precipitation in Akita exhibits distinct seasonal patterns. During the warm season (April to October), the monsoon winds bring abundant moisture from the Pacific Ocean, resulting in frequent rainfall. The summer months, in particular, are characterized by heavy downpours and thunderstorms. Winter (November to March), on the other hand, is influenced by the cold, dry winds from the northwest. During this time, precipitation is generally light and infrequent, with snow becoming more common as temperatures drop.

Annual Rainfall Pattern

Akita, Japan experiences a relatively high amount of rainfall throughout the year. The average annual precipitation is around 1,300 millimeters (51 inches). Rainfall is distributed fairly evenly throughout the year, with no distinct wet or dry season. However, there is a slight increase in rainfall during the summer months (June to August) due to the influence of the monsoon. During these months, heavy rainfall is common, and occasional thunderstorms and typhoons can bring significant amounts of precipitation.

Factors Influencing Rainfall

The geographical location of Akita, on the northwest coast of Japan facing the Sea of Japan, plays a significant role in its rainfall patterns. The prevailing winds from the west carry moisture from the Sea of Japan, which condenses and falls as rain on the mountains and hilly terrain of Akita. Additionally, the Oya Current, a cold ocean current that flows along the coast of Japan, brings moisture and contributes to the high humidity levels in the region, further enhancing rainfall. The combination of these factors creates a climate characterized by frequent precipitation and high humidity throughout the year.

Historical Snowfall Records

Akita, Japan boasts a long-standing history of heavy snowfall, with records dating back centuries. The city holds the distinction of being the snowiest prefecture in Japan, with an average annual snowfall of over 250 inches (6 meters). The record-breaking snowfall season of 1980-1981 witnessed an astounding 390 inches (9.9 meters) of snow, leaving behind a picturesque but challenging winter landscape.

Causes of Heavy Snowfall

Akita’s abundant snowfall is attributed to several factors. The city’s geographical location on the Sea of Japan coast plays a crucial role. As cold Siberian winds travel over the warm waters of the sea, they pick up moisture. The moisture-laden air then rises over the coastal mountains, resulting in heavy snow precipitation. Additionally, the shape of Akita Bay, with its narrow entrance and wide expanse, amplifies the snowfall effect. As the wind blows into the bay, it is forced upwards, leading to further condensation and snowfall.

Sunrise and Sunset Times

In Akita, Japan, the timing of sunrise and sunset varies throughout the year due to the Earth’s tilt and orbit. During the summer months, the sun rises earlier and sets later, providing extended daylight hours. For example, in June, sunrise occurs around 4:30 AM and sunset around 7:30 PM. Conversely, in the winter months, the sun rises later and sets earlier, resulting in reduced daylight. In December, sunrise occurs around 6:30 AM and sunset around 4:30 PM.

Sunlight Duration

The duration of sunlight in Akita also varies depending on the season. During the summer solstice, around June 21st, Akita experiences approximately 15 hours of sunlight. This is the longest day of the year, offering ample time for outdoor activities. In contrast, during the winter solstice, around December 22nd, Akita has only about 8 hours of sunlight. This limited sunlight can impact daily routines and mood, leading to seasonal affective disorder (SAD) in some individuals. However, the snow-covered landscapes during this time create a picturesque winter wonderland.

Moon Viewing in Akita

Akita, a picturesque prefecture in northern Japan, is renowned for its spectacular moon viewing spots. With its clear skies and pristine nature, Akita offers some of the best opportunities to witness the celestial beauty of the moon. One of the most famous moon viewing spots in Akita is Lake Towada, located on the border with Aomori Prefecture. The lake’s serene waters reflect the moon’s image, creating a breathtaking spectacle. Visitors can take boat rides or simply relax on the shore, admiring the moon’s brilliance over the tranquil lake.

Oga Peninsula Moon Festival

Another renowned moon viewing spot in Akita is the Oga Peninsula, known for its rugged coastline and deep-rooted spiritual traditions. Each year, the Oga Peninsula Moon Festival is held in August, drawing thousands of visitors from all over Japan. The festival features traditional rituals, including the piercing of a sacred fire and the lighting of lanterns, which illuminate the night sky and enhance the moon’s presence. Visitors can also enjoy performances of traditional music and dance, adding to the festive atmosphere. The combination of spiritual rituals, natural beauty, and cultural entertainment makes the Oga Peninsula Moon Festival a truly unique and unforgettable experience.

Seasonal Fluctuations in Humidity

Akita, Japan, experiences significant seasonal fluctuations in humidity. Summers are typically characterized by high humidity levels, with an average relative humidity of around 80% in August. This is due to the influence of warm, moist air masses from the Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Japan. In contrast, winters are generally dry, with average relative humidity levels dropping to around 50% in January. This is caused by the cold, dry winds blowing from Siberia.

Impact on Daily Life

The high humidity in summer can make it uncomfortable to be outdoors for extended periods, especially during the daytime. It can also lead to increased sweating and a feeling of stickiness. However, the high humidity also benefits the region’s agriculture, as it helps crops to retain moisture. In contrast, the low humidity in winter can cause dry skin and respiratory issues. It can also lead to static electricity and damage to electronic devices.

Wind Characteristics in Akita, Japan

Akita Prefecture in Japan experiences distinct wind patterns influenced by its geographical location. Neighboring the Sea of Japan and positioned on Honshu’s northwestern coast, Akita is frequently exposed to strong winds. During the winter months, cold and dry northwesterly winds known as the “Yamase” originate from Siberia and bring frigid temperatures to the region. These winds can occasionally reach gale-force intensity, creating significant disruption and posing a hazard to local communities.

In contrast, during the summer months, Akita experiences warm and moist southerly winds dubbed the “Okaze.” These winds originate from the warm waters of the Pacific Ocean and carry moisture, contributing to the region’s humid climate during this season. The Okaze winds play a crucial role in the cultivation of the famed Akita rice, providing the necessary moisture for the growth of high-quality grains.

Spring (March-May):

Springtime in Akita is a vibrant season characterized by the blooming of cherry blossoms (sakura). The city’s iconic Kakunodate Castle is particularly picturesque during this time, its historic buildings surrounded by a kaleidoscope of pink and white petals. Temperatures are generally mild, ranging from 5°C to 15°C, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities such as strolling through the castle grounds or exploring the surrounding countryside. The annual Kakunodate Cherry Blossom Festival, held in late April or early May, attracts visitors from all over Japan to witness the stunning spectacle of the blooming trees.

Summer (June-August):

Summer in Akita is typically hot and humid, with temperatures reaching up to 30°C. However, the city’s lush greenery and numerous water bodies provide plenty of opportunities to cool down. Lake Tazawa, Japan’s deepest lake, offers picturesque views and refreshing swimming spots. The Oga Peninsula, known for its rugged coastline and scenic hiking trails, is also a popular destination during this season. The Oga Fireworks Festival, held annually in August, transforms the night sky into a brilliant display of fireworks over the ocean.

Potential for Solar Energy

Akita, located in northern Japan, possesses favorable conditions for solar energy utilization. The region experiences ample sunshine, with an average of 1,980 hours of sunshine annually. This abundant sunlight makes solar energy a viable and attractive renewable energy source for Akita. Moreover, Akita has vast open spaces, such as agricultural and pasture lands, which provide suitable locations for solar photovoltaic (PV) installations. By harnessing the potential of solar energy, Akita can enhance its energy security and reduce its reliance on fossil fuels.

Efforts and Achievements

In recent years, Akita has actively promoted the adoption of solar energy. The Akita Prefectural Government has established ambitious targets for solar power generation and has implemented various incentives to encourage businesses and residents to install PV systems. As a result, Akita has experienced significant growth in solar energy installations. By the end of 2020, Akita’s installed solar PV capacity exceeded 500 megawatts, making it one of the leading prefectures in Japan for solar energy development. The success of Akita’s solar energy efforts serves as a model for other regions seeking to transition to sustainable energy sources.

Mountains and Hills:

Akita Prefecture is characterized by a series of mountain ranges and hills that dominate its landscape. The Ou Mountains, located in the central part of the prefecture, form a formidable barrier with peaks reaching over 1,000 meters. These mountains are known for their rugged terrain and dense forests, which provide habitat for a variety of wildlife. Additionally, Akita is home to numerous hills, such as the Hachimantai Hills in the north and the Yokote Hills in the south, adding to the prefecture’s diverse topography.

Rivers and Lakes:

Akita is renowned for its abundance of rivers and lakes. The Mogami River, the prefecture’s longest river, flows through the central part of Akita and drains into the Sea of Japan. Other significant rivers include the Omono River, known for its clear waters, and the Yoneshiro River, which meanders through the coastal region. Akita also boasts several large lakes, including Lake Tazawa, the deepest in Japan, and Lake Hachirogata, which was once the second-largest lake in the country but was later reclaimed for agricultural purposes.

Akita Airport (AXT)

Akita Airport (AXT) is the primary airport serving Akita Prefecture in Tohoku, Japan. Located approximately 9 miles (14 kilometers) south of Akita City, the airport is a regional hub for both domestic and international flights. AXT features a single runway and a modern passenger terminal with various amenities, including shops, restaurants, and currency exchange services.

Destinations and Airlines

Akita Airport offers direct flights to multiple cities in Japan, including Tokyo (Haneda Airport), Sapporo (New Chitose Airport), Osaka (Kansai International Airport), and Nagoya (Chubu Centrair International Airport). Additionally, there are seasonal direct flights to Seoul (Incheon International Airport) in South Korea. Airlines operating at AXT include All Nippon Airways (ANA), Japan Airlines (JAL), and Ibex Airlines.

History and Culture

Akita, nestled in the Tohoku region of Japan, boasts a rich history and vibrant culture. It is the birthplace of the renowned Akita dog, a symbol of loyalty and devotion. The city is also home to Kakunodate, a preserved samurai town with charming streets lined with traditional houses, samurai residences, and temples. Akita’s cultural traditions are deeply rooted, with the vibrant Kanto Festival, featuring towering bamboo lanterns, attracting visitors from far and wide each summer.

Natural Beauty

Akita is blessed with stunning natural landscapes. It is home to the Towada-Hachimantai National Park, known for its picturesque lakes, volcanic peaks, and lush forests. Lake Towada, a caldera lake, offers stunning views of the surrounding scenery, while the Nyuto Onsen Hot Springs, nestled amidst the mountains, provides a serene and rejuvenating experience. The Tsugaru Peninsula, with its rugged coastline and scenic villages, offers opportunities for whale watching and other outdoor adventures.